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Texas Pattern Jury Charges—Business, Consumer, Insurance& Employment (2018 Ed.)PJC Files Quick IndexChapter ns to Jury Panel before Voir Dire ExaminationInstructions to Jury after Jury SelectionCharge of the CourtCharge of the Court—Twelve-Member JuryCharge of the Court—Six-Member Jury100-3 alt addl certificateAdditional Instruction for Bifurcated Trial100-4 addl instr pre-2003100-4 alt addl certificateInstructions to Jury after VerdictInstruction to Jury If Permitted to SeparateInstruction If Jury Disagrees about TestimonyCircumstantial Evidence (Optional)Instructions to Deadlocked JuryPrivilege—Generally No InferenceFifth Amendment Privilege—Adverse Inference May Be ConsideredParallel Theories on DamagesProximate CauseInstruction on SpoliationChapter 101101-1101-2101-3Admonitory InstructionsContractsBasic Question—Existence101-1 alt Q fail comply101-1 alt Q bind terms101-1 alt Q future agreeBasic Question—Compliance101-2 alt Q limited101-2 alt Qs disjunctive101-2 addl instrs material101-2 addl instr code duty101-2 addl instr good faithInstruction on Formation of Agreement
1-47101-48Instruction on AuthorityInstruction on RatificationConditions Precedent (Comment)Court’s Construction of Provision of Agreement (Comment)Instruction on Ambiguous ProvisionsTrade Custom (Comment)Instruction on Time of ComplianceInstruction on Offer and AcceptanceInstruction on Withdrawal or Revocation of OfferInstruction on PriceConsideration (Comment)Defenses—Basic QuestionDefenses—Instruction on Plaintiff’s Material Breach (Failure of Consideration)101-22 addl instr timeDefenses—Instruction on Anticipatory RepudiationDefenses—Instruction on WaiverDefenses—Instruction on Equitable EstoppelDefenses—Instruction on DuressDefenses—Instruction on Undue InfluenceDefenses—Instruction on Mutual Mistake of FactDefenses—Instruction on Mutual Mistake—Scrivener’s ErrorDefenses—Instruction on NovationDefenses—Instruction on ModificationDefenses—Instruction on Accord and SatisfactionDefenses—Instruction on Mental CapacityDefenses—Statute of Frauds (Comment)Question on Main Purpose DoctrineThird-Party Beneficiaries (Comment)101-36 Q third partyQuestion and Instruction on Ambiguous ProvisionsQuestion and Instruction on Reformation as an Alternative Cause of ActionQuestion on Promissory EstoppelQuestion and Instruction on Quantum MeruitMoney Had and Received (Comment)Unjust Enrichment (Comment)Construction Contracts Distinguished from Ordinary Contracts (Comment)Construction Contracts—Question and Instruction—Misapplication of Trust Fundsunder the Texas Construction Trust Funds Act101-47 intent defraud101-47 prelim Q trustee101-47 addl instr residentialConstruction Contracts—Affirmative Defenses—Basic Questions101-48 alt Q excuse
nstruction Contracts—Affirmative Defenses—InstructionsQuestion on Prompt Payment to Contractors and SubcontractorsQuestion on Good-Faith Dispute101-51 addl instr residentialInsurance Contracts Distinguished from Other Contracts (Comment)Insurance Contracts—Compliance—Specific Policy LanguageInsurance Contracts—Coverage and Damages Question—Specific Policy LanguageInsurance Contracts—Exclusions, Limitations, Avoidance, and Other AffirmativeDefenses—Specific Policy Language101-59 alt Q excuseInsurance Contracts—Conditions Precedent and Prejudice (Comment)101-60 alt Q condition precedent101-60 alt Q prejudiceChapter 2-10102-11102-12102-13102-14102-16102-17The Texas Deceptive Trade Practices Act and Chapter 541 of the TexasInsurance CodeQuestion and Instructions on False, Misleading, or Deceptive Act or Practice(DTPA § 17.46(b))Description of Goods or Services or Affiliation of Persons (DTPA § 17.46(b)(5))102-2 alt instr affiliationQuality of Goods or Services (DTPA § 17.46(b)(7))Misrepresented and Unlawful Agreements (DTPA § 17.46(b)(12))102-4 alt instr unlawfulFailure to Disclose Information (DTPA § 17.46(b)(24))Other “Laundry List” Violations (DTPA § 17.46(b)) (Comment)Question and Instructions on Unconscionable Action or Course of Action(DTPA §§ 17.50(a)(3) and 17.45(5))Question and Instructions on Warranty (DTPA § 17.50(a)(2); Tex. UCC §§ 2.313–.315)Express Warranty—Goods or Services (DTPA § 17.50(a)(2); Tex. UCC § 2.313)102-9 alt Q-instrs knowledgeImplied Warranty of Merchantability—Goods (DTPA § 17.50(a)(2);Tex. UCC § 2.314(b)(3))102-10 alt elements merchantabilityImplied Warranty of Fitness for Particular Purpose—Goods (DTPA § 17.50(a)(2);Tex. UCC § 2.315)Implied Warranty of Good and Workmanlike Performance—Services(DTPA § 17.50(a)(2))Implied Warranty of Habitability (DTPA § 17.50(a)(2))Question on Insurance Code Chapter 541Misrepresentations or False Advertising of Policy Contracts—Insurance(Tex. Ins. Code § 541.051(1))False Information or Advertising—Insurance (Tex. Ins. Code § 541.052)
2-27102-28Unfair Insurance Settlement Practices (Tex. Ins. Code § 541.060)102-18 addl instr liabilityMisrepresentation—Insurance (Tex. Ins. Code § 541.061)Question and Instructions on Knowing or Intentional Conduct102-21 alt def knowingly102-21 addl def intentionallyDefenses to Deceptive Trade Practices Act and Insurance Code Chapter 541 Claims(Comment)Statute of Limitations (DTPA § 17.565; Tex. Ins. Code § 541.162)102-23 addl Q inducementCounterclaim—Bad Faith or Harassment (DTPA § 17.50(c); Tex. Ins. Code ch. 541,subch. D) (Comment)Prompt Payment of Claims Act—Violation of Insurer’s Duty to Acknowledge Notice ofClaim, Commence Investigation, and Request Information after Receiving Noticeof Claim (Tex. Ins. Code § 542.055)102-25 addl Q date102-25 addl instr notice102-25 addl instr def agent102-25 addl instr plaintiff agent102-25 alt def business dayPrompt Payment of Claims Act—Violation of Insurer’s Duty to Notify Claimant ofAcceptance, Rejection, or Need for More Time after Receiving All NecessaryInformation Reasonably Requested from Claimant (Tex. Ins. Code § 542.056)102-26 addl Q date102-26 addl instr def agent102-26 addl instr plaintiff agent102-26 addl Qs exceptionPrompt Payment of Claims Act—Violation of Insurer’s Duty to Pay after Notice toClaimant that Insurer Will Pay All or Part of Claim (Tex. Ins. Code § 542.057)102-27 addl Q date102-27 addl instr def agent102-27 addl instr plaintiff agent102-27 alt def business dayPrompt Payment of Claims Act—Violation of Insurer’s Duty to Pay Claim within SixtyDays of Receipt of All Necessary Information Reasonably Requested fromClaimant (Tex. Ins. Code § 542.058)102-28 addl Q date102-28 addl instr def agent102-28 addl instr plaintiff agent
Chapter 103103-1103-2103-3Common-Law Duty of Good Faith and Fair Dealing—Question and Instruction onInsurance Claim Denial or Delay in PaymentDuty of Good Faith under the Uniform Commercial Code (Comment)Duty of Good Faith by Express Contract (Comment)Chapter 5-10105-11105-12105-13Fiduciary DutyQuestion and Instruction—Existence of Relationship of Trust and ConfidenceQuestion and Instruction—Breach of Fiduciary Duty Defined by Common Law—Burden on FiduciaryQuestion and Instruction—Breach of Fiduciary Duty Defined by Common Law—Burden on BeneficiaryQuestion and Instruction—Breach of Fiduciary Duty Defined by Statute or Agreement—Burden on FiduciaryQuestion and Instruction—Breach of Fiduciary Duty Defined by Statute or Agreement—Burden on BeneficiaryChapter 5-4Good Faith and Fair DealingFraud and Negligent MisrepresentationQuestion on Common-Law Fraud—Intentional MisrepresentationInstruction on Common-Law Fraud—Intentional MisrepresentationDefinitions of Misrepresentation—Intentional MisrepresentationFactual MisrepresentationPromise of Future ActionOpinion Mixed with FactFalse Statement of OpinionOpinion Made with Special KnowledgeInstruction on Common-Law Fraud—Failure to Disclose When There Is Duty toDiscloseQuestion on Statute of Limitations—Common-Law FraudQuestion on Statutory Fraud (Real Estate or Stock Transaction)Instruction on Statutory Fraud—Factual MisrepresentationInstruction on Statutory Fraud—False PromiseQuestion and Instructions on Benefiting from Statutory FraudQuestion and Instruction on Actual Awareness of Statutory Fraud105-11 alt instr pre-2003Question and Instructions on Violation of Texas Securities Act—FactualMisrepresentationInstruction on Violation of Texas Securities Act—Material Fact—Prediction orStatement of Belief
5-27105-28105-29105-30105-31105-32Question on Defenses to Violation of Texas Securities Act—Factual MisrepresentationQuestion on Defenses to Violation of Texas Securities Act—BuyerViolation of Texas Securities Act—Control-Person Liability (Comment)Question on Defense to Control-Person LiabilityQuestion and Instructions on Violation of Texas Securities Act—Aiding ViolationQuestion and Instruction on Negligent MisrepresentationQuestion and Instruction on Transfers Fraudulent as to Present and Future Creditors—Actual Fraud (Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 24.005(a)(1))105-25 def insider105-25 def affiliate105-25 instr insolvent105-25 def transferQuestion on Reasonably Equivalent Value—Constructive Fraud (Tex. Bus. & Com.Code §§ 24.005(a)(2), 24.006(a))105-26 instr value105-26 def transferQuestion on Constructive Fraud (Tex. Bus. & Com. Code §§ 24.005(a)(2), 24.006(a))105-27 instr insolventQuestion on Constructive Fraud—Transfer to Insider (Tex. Bus. & Com. Code§ 24.006(b))105-28 def insider105-28 def affiliate105-28 instr insolvent105-28 def transferQuestion and Instruction on Good Faith and Reasonably Equivalent Value—AffirmativeDefense to Fraudulent Transfer Based on Actual Fraud (Tex. Bus. & Com.Code § 24.009(a))105-29 instr valueQuestion on Affirmative Defense for Insider (Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 24.009(f))Question on Extinguishment of Cause of Action (Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 24.010)Remedies for Fraudulent Transfers (Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 24.008) (Comment)105-32 addl Q 1 amount105-32 addl Q 2 amount105-32 addl Q 3 amountChapter 106106-1106-2106-3106-4Interference with Existing and Prospective ContractQuestion and Instruction—Intentional Interference with Existing ContractQuestion—Defense of Legal JustificationWrongful Interference with Prospective Contractual or Business Relations (Comment)Contracts Terminable at Will or on Notice (Comment)
Chapter mentBreach of Employment Agreement (Comment)107-1 alt Q property interestInstruction on Good Cause as Defense to Early DischargeQuestion on Wrongful Discharge for Refusing to Perform an Illegal ActQuestion and Instruction on Retaliation under Texas Whistleblower Act107-4 addl Q good faith beliefQuestion and Instruction on Retaliation for Seeking Workers’ Compensation Benefits107-5 addl instr proceedingQuestion and Instruction on Unlawful Employment Practices107-6 alt Qs-instrs disparate impact107-6 alt Qs ageQuestion on After-Acquired Evidence of Employee MisconductInstruction on Damages Reduction for After-Acquired Evidence of EmployeeMisconductQuestion and Instruction on RetaliationInstruction on Constructive DischargeInstruction on Disability107-11 addl instr disability107-11 addl instr mitigationQuestion and Instruction on Failure to Make Reasonable Workplace AccommodationQuestion and Instruction on Undue Hardship DefenseQuestion on Good-Faith Effort to Make Reasonable Workplace AccommodationInstruction on Sex DiscriminationInstruction on Religious Observance or PracticeQuestion and Instruction on Defense of Undue Hardship to Accommodate ReligiousObservances or PracticesQuestion Limiting Relief in Unlawful Employment PracticesQuestion and Instruction on Bona Fide Occupational Qualification DefenseQuestion on HarassmentInstruction on Sexual Harassment by Supervisor Involving Tangible Employment Action(Quid Pro Quo)Instruction on Harassment by Nonsupervisory Employee (Hostile Environment)Instruction on Harassment by Supervisory Employee Not Involving TangibleEmployment Action (Hostile Environment)107-23 alt instr sexual harassmentQuestion and Instruction on Affirmative Defense to Harassment Where No TangibleEmployment Action OccurredQuestion Limiting Relief for Retaliation under Texas Whistleblower Act
Chapter 108108-1108-2108-3108-4108-5108-6108-7Basic QuestionInstruction on Alter Ego108-2 alt instr noncontractInstruction on Sham to Perpetrate a Fraud108-3 alt instr noncontractInstruction on Evasion of Existing Legal Obligation108-4 alt instr noncontractInstruction on Circumvention of a Statute108-5 alt instr noncontractInstruction on Protection of Crime or Justification of Wrong108-6 alt instr noncontractInstruction on Monopoly108-7 alt instr noncontractChapter 110-12110-13110-14110-15110-16110-17Civil ConspiracyQuestion and Instruction on ConspiracyChapter 110110-1110-2110-3Piercing the Corporate VeilDefamation, Business Disparagement, and Invasion of PrivacyLibel and Slander (Comment on Broad Form)Question and Instruction on PublicationQuestion and Instructions on Defamatory110-3 alt Q no publication disputeQuestion and Instruction on FalsityQuestion and Instruction on NegligenceQuestion and Instructions on Actual MaliceActual Malice in Cases of Qualified Privilege (Comment)Question and Instructions on Defense of Substantial TruthQuestion and Instructions on Defamatory False ImpressionQuestion and Instruction on Negligence (Defamatory False Impression)Question and Instructions on Actual Malice (Defamatory False Impression)Question on Defamatory Parody or SatireQuestion and Instruction on Negligence (Defamatory Parody or Satire)110-13 alt Q falsity disputedQuestion and Instruction on Actual Malice (Defamatory Parody or Satire)Question and Instructions on Business DisparagementQuestion and Instruction on IntrusionQuestion and Instruction on Publication of Private Facts110-17 alt Q public concern
110-18110-19110-20110-17 addl instr matterQuestion and Instruction on Invasion of Privacy by MisappropriationFalse Light Invasion of Privacy (Comment)Defamation Mitigation Act (Comment)Chapter 111111-1111-2Question and Instructions on Existence of Trade Secret111-1 alt Q broad form111-1 sample instrs111-1 def reverse engineerQuestion and Instructions on Trade-Secret Misappropriation111-2 addl instr use111-2 addl Q date111-2 addl instr former employeeChapter 5-10115-11115-12115-13115-14Misappropriation of Trade SecretsDamagesPredicate—Instruction Conditioning Damages Questions on LiabilityInstruction on Whether Compensatory Damages Are Subject to Income Taxes (ActionsFiled on or after September 1, 2003)Question on Contract Damages115-3 addl instr sep theories115-3 alt instr sep elements115-3 alt Q insuranceSample Instructions on Direct and Incidental Damages—Contracts115-4 addl sample instrsInstructions on Consequential Damages—ContractsQuestion on Promissory Estoppel—Reliance Damages115-6 alt instr sep elementsQuestion on Quantum Meruit RecoveryDefensive Instruction on Mitigation—Contract DamagesQuestion and Instruction on Deceptive Trade Practice Damages115-9 alt instr sep elementsSample Instructions—Deceptive Trade Practice DamagesQuestion on Additional Damages—Deceptive Trade PracticesContribution—Deceptive Trade Practices Act and Insurance Code Chapter 541(Comment)Question and Instruction on Actual Damages under Insurance Code Chapter 541115-13 alt instr sep elementsQuestion and Instruction on Actual Damages for Breach of Duty of Good Faith and FairDealing
33115-34115-35115-36115-14 alt instr sep elementsRemedies for Breach of Fiduciary Duty (Comment)Question on Profit Disgorgement—Amount of ProfitQuestion on Fee Forfeiture—Amount of FeeQuestion on Actual Damages for Breach of Fiduciary Duty115-18 alt instr sep elementsQuestion and Instruction on Direct Damages Resulting from Fraud115-19 alt instr sep elementsQuestion and Instruction on Consequential Damages Caused by Fraud115-20 alt instr sep elementsQuestion and Instruction on Monetary Loss Caused by Negligent Misrepresentation115-21 alt instr sep elements115-21 addl instr sep theoriesQuestion on Damages for Intentional Interference with Existing Contract or for WrongfulInterference with Prospective Contractual Relations115-22 alt instr sep elements115-22 addl instr sep theoriesSample Instructions on Direct and Incidental Damages—Breach of EmploymentAgreementDefensive Instruction on Mitigation—Breach of Employment Agreement DamagesQuestion and Instruction on Damages for Wrongful Discharge for Refusing to Performan Illegal Act115-26 alt instr sep elementsQuestion and Instructions on Damages for Retaliation under Texas Whistleblower Act115-27 alt instr sep elementsQuestion and Instruction on Damages—Retaliation for Seeking Workers’ CompensationBenefits115-28 alt instr sep elementsQuestion and Instruction on Unlawful Employment Practices Damages115-30 alt instr sep elementsPredicate Question and Instruction on Exemplary Damages for Unlawful EmploymentPractices115-31 alt instr multiple defendantsQuestion on Employer Liability for Exemplary Damages for Conduct of SupervisorQuestion and Instructions—Defamation General Damages115-33 alt instr nominal damages115-33 alt instr sep elementsQuestion and Instructions—Defamation Special Damages115-34 alt instr sep elementsQuestion and Instructions—Invasion of Privacy Damages115-35 alt instr sep elementsProportionate Responsibility115-36 alt answers addl responsible
40115-41115-42115-43115-44115-45115-36 alt Q comparativePredicate Question and Instruction on Award of Exemplary DamagesQuestion and Instruction for Actions Filed before September 1, 2003Question and Instruction for Actions Filed on or after September 1, 2003115-37 alt Q fraud115-37 addl instr gross neg115-37 alt instr multiple defendantsQuestion and Instruction on Exemplary Damages115-38 alt instr pre-2003115-38 alt instr multiple defendantsQuestion and Instruction for Imputing Liability for Exemplary DamagesQuestion and Instruction Imputing Malice to a Corporation—Causes of Action Accruingon or after September 1, 1995, and Filed before September 1, 2003Question and Instruction Imputing Gross Negligence to a Corporation—Actions Filed onor after September 1, 2003Question and Instructions—Securing Execution of Document by Deception as a Groundfor Removing Limitation on Exemplary Damages(Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 41.008(c)(11))115-40 alt def service115-40 alt instr pre-2003Question and Instruction—Fraudulent Destruction, Removal, Alteration, or Concealmentof Writing as a Ground for Removing Limitation on ExemplaryDamages (Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 41.008(c)(12))115-41 alt instr pre-2003Question and Instructions—Forgery as a Ground for Removing Limitation on ExemplaryDamages (Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 41.008(c)(8))115-42 alt instr pre-2003Question and Instructions—Theft as a Ground for Removing Limitation on ExemplaryDamages (Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 41.008(c)(13))115-43 alt def 1 deprive115-43 alt def 2 deprive115-43 alt instrs consent115-43 alt instr pre-2003Question and Instruction—Commercial (Fiduciary) Bribery as a Ground for RemovingLimitation on Exemplary Damages (Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 41.008(c)(9))115-44 addl def consent115-44 addl def benefit115-44 alt def knowing conduct115-44 alt Q bribery115-44 alt instr pre-2003Question and Instructions—Misapplication of Fiduciary Property as a Ground forRemoving Limitation on Exemplary Damages(Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 41.008(c)(10))
115-46115-48115-49115-54115-55115-60115-45 alt def knowing conduct115-45 addl def agreement115-45 alt Q financial institution115-45 alt instr pre-2003Other Conduct of Defendant Authorizing Removal of Limitation on ExemplaryDamages Award (Comment)Question and Instruction on Damages for Misapplication of Trust Funds under theTexas Construction Trust Funds Act115-48 addl instr excuseQuestion and Instructions on Prompt Payment to Contractors and SubcontractorsDamagesQuestion on Trade-Secret Misappropriation Damages115-54 alt instr sep elementsSample Instructions on Actual Damages—Trade-Secret Misappropriation115-55 addl sample hypo saleQuestion on Attorney’s Fees115-60 addl instr factorsChapter 116116-1116-2Preservation of Charge ErrorPreservation of Charge Error (Comment)Broad-Form Issues and The Casteel Doctrine (Comment)
PJC Files Quick Index Chapter 100 Admonitory Instructions 100-1 Instructions to Jury Panel before Voir Dire Examination 100-2 Instructions to Jury after Jury Selection 100-3 Charge of the Court 100-3A Charge of the Court—Twelve-Member Jury 100-3BCharge of the Court—Six-Member Jury 100-3 alt addl certificate
