Transcription
Design of StructuralSteel JointsDr. Klaus WeynandFeldmann Weynand GmbH, Aachen, GermanyProf. Jean-Pierre JaspartUniversity of Liège, Belgium
Design of StructuralSteel Joints Introduction Integration of joints intostructural design process Moment resistant joints Simple joints Design tools
Design of StructuralSteel Joints Introduction Integration of joints intostructural design process Moment resistant joints Simple joints Design tools
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesEN 1993 Part 1.8Chapter 1 – IntroductionChapter 2 – Basis of designChapter 3 – Connections made with bolts, rivets or pinsChapter 4 – Welded connectionsChapter 5 – Analysis, classification and modellingChapter 6 – Structural joints connecting H or I sectionsChapter 7 – Hollow section jointsBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesDesign of simple jointsECCS Publication No 126 (EN) Background information Design guidelinesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 20142 – Basis of design Partial safety coefficients
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples3 – Connections made mechanical fastenersBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples4 – Welded connectionsBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Design of StructuralSteel Joints Introduction Integration of joints intostructural design process Moment resistant joints Simple joints Design tools
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesActual joint responseBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Actual joint responseMM RdS j,ini cd
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesInfluence on the structural response Displacements Internal forces Failure mode and failure loadBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Four successive steps for structural integrationM?M? CharacterizationClassificationM ModellingIdealization
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014CharacterizationSearch for a unified approach whatever the materialM?
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Various configurations (1)ContinuityBeam-to-beamColumn bases
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Various configurations (2)Joints in portal frames
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Various configurations (3)Connections and joints incomposite construction
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesVarious cross-section shapes (1)Hot-rolled andcold-formedBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesVarious cross-section shapes (2)Built-up profilesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Various connection elementsEnd platesCleatsSplices
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014EconomyReduced fabrication, transportation and erection costs
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesSpecific design criteriaRobustness Joints as key elementsBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Characterization (1)Search for a unified approachM?
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Characterization (2)Eurocode 3 – Part 1-8 Beam-to-beam joints, splices, beam-to-column joints and columnbases: welded connections bolted connections (anchors for column bases)Background: COMPONENT METHOD
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Characterization (3) - component methodcolumn webin shearThree stepscolumn webin compressioncolumn webin tensionFFFirst stepIdentification of theactive componentsFSecond step:Response of thecomponentsE k1 M j ,Rd min Fi ,Rd zM“Assembly” of thecomponentsE k3E k2 Third step:F3,RdF2,RdF1,RdMj,RdS j ,iniSj,ini cdE z2 1 ki
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Characterization (4) - component methodEC3 Part 1-8 provides therefore: a library of components rules for the evaluation of the properties of the components(stiffness, resistance, deformation capacity) rules for the evaluation of the possible component interactions « assembly » rules for componentsApplicable for simple joint and moment resistant joint
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesCharacterization (4) – Hollow section jointsDifferent approach for lattice girder jointsFor many types of joint configurations: Joints considered as a whole Check of relevant failure modes Scope of application to be checkedBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Four successive steps for structural integrationM?M? CharacterizationClassificationM ModellingIdealization
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesClassification (1)Brussels, 16 - 17 October iPinnedPinned Classificationstiffnessfor boundariesBoundariesInitialinitialjoint stiffnessstiffnessJoint
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesClassification (2)Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014MjFull ngthPartial resistancePinnedPinned Boundaries tancestrength
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Classification (3)Ductility Brittle “Semi-ductile” DuctileMj
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Four successive steps for structural integrationM?M? CharacterizationClassificationM ModellingIdealization
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October TINUOUSBEAM-TO-COLUMN JOINTSMAJOR AXIS BENDINGBEAMSPLICESCOLUMNBASES
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Four successive steps for structural integrationM?M? CharacterizationClassificationM ModellingIdealization
Design of StructuralSteel Joints Introduction Integration of joints intostructural design process Moment resistant joints Simple joints Design tools
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014ExampleSingle sided beam-to-column joint configuration, bolted end-plate connection4 M16 8.8w 30 80 30p 60 Vu 10 140 M 0 1,0 M 1 1,032401206015MIPE220 10HEB140Material: S 235To be evaluated:Design moment resistance , initial stiffness5
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014General dataEquivalent T-stub in tensionFtColumnhwc hc 2t fc 2rc 140 2 12 2 12 92mmFt /4Avc Ac 2bc t fc twc 2rc Ft 2/4 4295,6 2 140 12 7 2 12 12 1307,6mmm e w t fc2 0,8 rc 80 7 0,8 12 26,9mm2bc w 140 80 30mm22m pl , fc 0, 25t 2fc f yc M0122 235 0, 25 8460 Nmm / mm1,0Ft /4Ft /4ml effe
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014General dataBeam4 M16 8.8w 30 80 30p 60 u 10Lever armz hb u 324012060 10140t fb2 p 220 10 M c ,Rd (classe 1 section) 9, 2 60 165, 4 mm2W pl , yb f yb M015285.406 235 10 6 67,07 kNm1,0zIPE2205
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014General dataEnd platemp mp2w twb80 5,9 0,8 2aw 0,8 2 3 33,66mm22mp 2 p u t fb 0,8 2a f 60 10 9,2 0,8 2 5 35,14mmep bp w 140 80 30mm22m pl , p 0, 25t 2p f yp M0152 235 0, 25 13.218 Nmm / mm1,0mp
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014General dataEnd plateAlpha factor for effective lengths 1 2 mpmp epmp2mp ep 33,66 0,5333,66 30 35,14 0,5533,66 30 5,5
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014General dataBoltsFt ,Rd 0,9 fub As Mb0,9 800 157 10 3 90, 43kN1, 25Fv ,Rd (shear plane in thread) 0,6 fub As MbLb t fc t p 0,5 hbolt hnut 12 15 0,6 800 157 10 3 60,3kN1.251 10 14,8 2 4 47, 4mm2
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Component No 1 – Column web in shearResistance0,9 Avc f y ,cw 0,9 1307,6 235 10 3Vwc ,Rd 159,7 kN3 M 03 1,0FVwpTransformation parameterM Assumption : 1zVwpFRd ,1 Vwc ,Rd 159,7 159,7 kN 1FStiffness coefficientk1 0,38 Avc 0,38 1307,6 3,004mm h1 165, 4
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Component No 2 – Column web in compressionResistancebeff ,c ,wc min t fb 2a f 2 2t p 5 t fc s ; t fb a f 2 t p u 5 t fc s min 9, 2 2 5 2 2 15 5 12 12 ; 9, 2 5 2 15 10 5 12 12 161, 27 mmReduction factors to account for compression stresses and instabilityAssumption : kwc min 1,0; 1,7 com ,Ed / f y ,wc 1,0 p 0,932 1 beff ,c ,wc d c f y ,wcEt2 0,932wc11 1,3 beff ,c ,wc twc / Avc 2161, 27 92 235 0,543 0,673 1,0210000 7 7 11 1,3 161, 27 7 1307,6 2 0,713FRd ,2 kwc beff ,c ,wc twc f y ,wc / M 1 1 0,713 1 161,27 7 235 10 3 1,0 189,1kN
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Component No 2 – Column web in compressionStiffness coefficientk2 0,7 beff ,c ,wc twchwc 0,7 161, 27 7 8,589mm92F Fi ki E i
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Component No 3 – Column web in tensionResistancebeff ,t ,wc min 2 m ;4m 1, 25e min 2 26,9;4 26,9 1, 25 30 145,10 mm 1 11 1,3 beff ,t ,wc twc / Avc 2 11 1,3 145,1 7 1307,6 2 0,749FRd ,3 beff ,t ,wc twc f y ,wc / M 0 0,749 145,1 7 235 10 3 1,0 178,7 kNStiffness coefficientk3 0,7 beff ,t ,wc twchwc 0,7 145,1 7 7,728mm92
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Component No 4 – Column flange in bendingComponent No 5 – End plate in bendingEquivalent T-stub in tensionFtFt /4Ft /4Ft /4Ft /4ml effe
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014T-stub – Effective lengthDistinction between circular and non-circular yield line patternsCircular patternsNon-circular patterns
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014T-stub – Effective lengthGroups effects to consider in addition to the individual response of each bolt-rowRow 1Row 2Row 3Group 1 2Group 2 3Group 1 2 3
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014T-stub – Effective lengthGroups effects to consider in addition to the individual response of each bolt-rowRow 3FRd ,3 min ( FRd ,3,indiv ; FRd ,3, group )
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Bolt rows consideredIn this example: only bolt row 1 is considered for tension forces4 M16 8.8w 30 80 30p 60 60Vu 103240120 14015 10Row 1MIPE2205Row 2HEB140
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesComponent No 4 – Column flange in bendingResistanceleff ,t , fc beff ,t ,wc 145,1mm (see column web in tension)n min e ;1, 25m ; bp w / 2 min 30;1, 25 26,9;30 30mmBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Component No 4 – Column flange in bendingMode 1 - Complete yielding of the flangeFfc ,Rd ,t1 4leff ,t , fc m pl , fcm 4 145,1 8460 10 3 182,5kN26,9Mode 2 - Bolt failure with yielding of the flange2 leff ,t , fc m pl , fc 2 Bt ,Rd n 2 145,1 8460 2 90, 4 103 30Ffc ,Rd ,t 2 10 3 138,5kNm n26,9 30Mode 3 - Bolt failureFfc ,Rd ,t 3 2 Bt ,Rd 2 90, 43 180,9kN
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesComponent No 4 – Column flange in bendingResistanceFRd ,4 min Ffc ,Rd ,t1 ; Ffc ,Rd ,t 2 ; Ffc ,Rd ,t 3 138,5kNStiffness coefficientk4 0,9 leff , fc ,t t 3fcm30,9 145,1 123 11,59mm26,93Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Component No 5 – End plate in bendingResistanceleff ,t , p min 2 m p ; m p min 2 33,66; 5,5 33,66 185 mmn p min e p ;1, 25m p ; e min 30;1, 25 33,66;30 30mmMode 1:Mode 2:Fep ,Rd ,1 Fep ,Rd ,2 4leff ,t , p m pl , pmp 4 185 13.218 10 3 291kN33,662 leff , p ,t m pl , p 2 Bt ,Rd n pmp np2 185 13.218 2 90, 43 103 30 10 3 162,1kN33,66 30FRd ,5 min Fep ,Rd ,1 ; Fep ,Rd ,2 ; Fep ,Rd ,3 162,1kN
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesComponent No 5 – End plate in bendingStiffness coefficientk5 0,9 leff ,t , p t 3pm3p0,9 185,0 153 14,73mm33,663Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Component No 7 – Beam flange and web in compressionResistanceFRd ,7 M c ,Rd / hb t fb Stiffness coefficientk7 67,07 318, 2kN210,8 10 3
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesComponent No 8 – Beam web in tensionResistancebeff ,t ,wb leff ,t , p 185mmFRd ,8 beff ,t ,wb twb f yb / M 0 185 5,9 235 10 3 1,0 256,5kNStiffness coefficientk8 Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Component No 10 – Bolts in tensionResistanceFRd ,10 2 Bt ,Rd 2 90, 43 180,9kNStiffness coefficientk10 1,6As157 1,6 5,30mmLb47, 4 Mode 3 in T-stubs for components: “column flange in bending” “end plate in bending”
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Design moment resistanceRelevant componentFRd min FRd ,i 138,5kNM j,Rd(Column flange in bending)Design plastic moment resistanceM j ,Rd FRd z 138,5 165,4 10 3 22,91kNmDesign elastic moment resistance2M j ,el ,Rd M j ,Rd 15, 27 kNm3
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Stiffness Initial stiffness210000 165, 42 10 6S j ,ini E h / 1 ki 6234 kNm / rad111111i 3,004 8,589 7,728 11,59 14,73 5,302Secant stiffnessS j S j ,ini / 2 3117 kNm / radS j,ini
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Design moment-rotation characteristicMM essS j S j,ini /
Design of StructuralSteel Joints Introduction Integration of joints intostructural design process Moment resistant joints Simple joints Design tools
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesNominally pinned jointsBraced frameBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Nominally pinned jointsV 0M 0
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesDesign of simple jointsECCS Publication No 126 (EN) Background information Design guidelinesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Classification and modelling of joints“Nominally pinned” joints :MjSj,ini RigidSemi-rigidNominally pinned Limits for classification of joints by stiffnessInitial stiffness of the joint
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Classification and modelling of joints“Semi-rigid” joints :MjRigidSj,iniSemi-rigidNominally pinned Limits for classification of joints by stiffnessInitial stiffness of the joint
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Classification and modelling of jointsAs an alternative to a semi-continuous modelling (semi-rigid joints), is it safe tomodel the joints as nominally pinned whilst they are actually semi-rigid?Semi-rigidSj,ini 0,5EIb/LbPartial strengthMj,Rd 0,25 Mfull-strengthNominally pinnedSj,ini 0Nominally pinnedMj,Rd 0
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Classification and modelling of jointsYes, under the reservation the joint has: a sufficient rotation capacity capacity to “rotate” a sufficient ductility capacity to follow the actualloading path in a ductile wayMMRdYielding criterionActual loadingpathSupposedloading pathVVRd
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Supplementary design requirementSufficient resistance to «catenary effects» so as to provide required structuralrobustness
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesExample: Partial depth end-plateComponents Bolts in shearEnd-plate in bearingEnd-plate in shear (gross section)End-plate in shear (net section)End-plate in shear blockEnd-plate in bendingBeam web in shearWelds in shearColumn flange in bearingBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Partial depth end-plateStrength requirement Use of “component method” for the assessment of VRdAssessment of the strength of all the constitutivecomponents of the joint “Assembly” of these components
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Partial depth end-plateRotation capacity requirementBending momentBolts in tensionBendingmomentContact betweensupported beam andsupporting elementCompression force availRotation
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Partial depth end-plateRotation capacity requirementavaildb hbhphp db avail hetptphe
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesPartial depth end-plateDuctility requirement Prevent premature fracture of the bolts Prevent premature fracture of the weldsunder unavoidable bending moment in the jointBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Partial depth end-plateDuctility requirements Prevent premature collapse of the boltsd 2,8tpf ypd 2,8tpf ycffubfubfor the end-platefor the supporting columnd and fub : diameter and tensile strength of boltsYielding of end-plate prior to tensile fracture of bolts
Design of StructuralSteel Joints Introduction Integration of joints intostructural design process Moment resistant joints Simple joints Design tools
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesPractical design tools Tables of standardized joints Dedicated softwareBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesWorked ExampleBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014Configuration Beam IPE 500 Column HEA 340 End plate connectionDesign assumption Rigid jointFrame analysis MEd 220 kNmCoP software used for this example: http://cop.fw-ing.com
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesDesign resistance:Classification:Failure mode:MRd 196 kNm 220 kNmSemi-rigidColumn web in compressionBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesFailure mode:End plate in bendingBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesFailure mode:Column web panel in shearBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesFailure mode:Column web panel in shearBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examplesFailure mode:Column web panel in shearBrussels, 16 - 17 October 2014
Design of StructuralSteel JointsDr. Klaus WeynandFeldmann Weynand GmbH, Aachen, GermanyProf. Jean-Pierre JaspartUniversity of Liège, Belgium
Eurocodes - Design of steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 16 - 17 October 2014 EN 1993 Part 1.8 Chapter 1 –Introduction Chapter 2 –Basis of design Chapter 3 –Connections made with bolts,
