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PrefaceFundamental GeometricalPrinciplesFundamental Principles ofNC ProgrammingSINUMERIKSINUMERIK 840D sl / 828DFundamentalsProgramming Manual3Tool change4Tool offsets5Spindle motion6Feed control7Geometry settings8Motion commands9Path actionCoordinate transformations(frames)SoftwareCNC software03/20136FC5398-1BP40-3BA1Version4.5 SP2101112Auxiliary function outputs13Supplementary commands14Other information15Tables16AppendixControlSINUMERIK 840D sl / 840DE slSINUMERIK 828D2Creating an NC programTool radius compensationValid for1A
Legal informationWarning notice systemThis manual contains notices you have to observe in order to ensure your personal safety, as well as to preventdamage to property. The notices referring to your personal safety are highlighted in the manual by a safety alertsymbol, notices referring only to property damage have no safety alert symbol. These notices shown below aregraded according to the degree of danger.DANGERindicates that death or severe personal injury will result if proper precautions are not taken.WARNINGindicates that death or severe personal injury may result if proper precautions are not taken.CAUTIONindicates that minor personal injury can result if proper precautions are not taken.NOTICEindicates that property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken.If more than one degree of danger is present, the warning notice representing the highest degree of danger willbe used. A notice warning of injury to persons with a safety alert symbol may also include a warning relating toproperty damage.Qualified PersonnelThe product/system described in this documentation may be operated only by personnel qualified for the specifictask in accordance with the relevant documentation, in particular its warning notices and safety instructions.Qualified personnel are those who, based on their training and experience, are capable of identifying risks andavoiding potential hazards when working with these products/systems.Proper use of Siemens productsNote the following:WARNINGSiemens products may only be used for the applications described in the catalog and in the relevant technicaldocumentation. If products and components from other manufacturers are used, these must be recommendedor approved by Siemens. Proper transport, storage, installation, assembly, commissioning, operation andmaintenance are required to ensure that the products operate safely and without any problems. The permissibleambient conditions must be complied with. The information in the relevant documentation must be observed.TrademarksAll names identified by are registered trademarks of Siemens AG. The remaining trademarks in this publicationmay be trademarks whose use by third parties for their own purposes could violate the rights of the owner.Disclaimer of LiabilityWe have reviewed the contents of this publication to ensure consistency with the hardware and softwaredescribed. Since variance cannot be precluded entirely, we cannot guarantee full consistency. However, theinformation in this publication is reviewed regularly and any necessary corrections are included in subsequenteditions.Siemens AGIndustry SectorPostfach 48 4890026 NÜRNBERGGERMANYOrder number: 6FC5398-1BP40-3BA1 04/2013 Technical data subject to changeCopyright Siemens AG 1995 - 2013.All rights reserved
PrefaceSINUMERIK documentationThe SINUMERIK documentation is organized in the following categories: General documentation User documentation Manufacturer/service documentationAdditional informationYou can find information on the following topics at www.siemens.com/motioncontrol/docu: Ordering documentation/overview of documentation Additional links to download documents Using documentation online (find and search in manuals/information)Please send any questions about the technical documentation (e.g. suggestions forimprovement, corrections) to the following address:docu.motioncontrol@siemens.comMy Documentation Manager (MDM)Under the following link you will find information to individually compile OEM-specificmachine documentation based on the Siemens content:www.siemens.com/mdmTrainingFor information about the range of training courses, refer under: www.siemens.com/sitrainSITRAIN - Siemens training for products, systems and solutions in automation technology www.siemens.com/sinutrainSinuTrain - training software for SINUMERIKFundamentalsProgramming Manual, 03/2013, 6FC5398-1BP40-3BA13
PrefaceFAQsYou can find Frequently Asked Questions in the Service&Support pages under ProductSupport. http://support.automation.siemens.comSINUMERIKYou can find information on SINUMERIK under the following link:www.siemens.com/sinumerikTarget groupThis publication is intended for: Programmers Project engineersBenefitsWith the programming manual, the target group can develop, write, test, and debugprograms and software user interfaces.Standard scopeThis Programming Manual describes the functionality afforded by standard functions.Extensions or changes made by the machine tool manufacturer are documented by themachine tool manufacturer.Other functions not described in this documentation might be executable in the control. Thisdoes not, however, represent an obligation to supply such functions with a new control orwhen servicing.Further, for the sake of simplicity, this documentation does not contain all detailedinformation about all types of the product and cannot cover every conceivable case ofinstallation, operation or maintenance.Technical SupportYou will find telephone numbers for other countries for technical support in the Internet portFundamentals4Programming Manual, 03/2013, 6FC5398-1BP40-3BA1
PrefaceInformation on structure and contents"Fundamentals" and "Job planning" Programming ManualThe description of the NC programming is divided into two manuals:1. FundamentalsThis "Fundamentals" Programming Manual is intended for use by skilled machineoperators with the appropriate expertise in drilling, milling and turning operations. Simpleprogramming examples are used to explain the commands and statements which arealso defined according to DIN 66025.2. Job planningThe "Job planning" Programming Manual is intended for use by technicians with in-depth,comprehensive programming knowledge. By virtue of a special programming language,the SINUMERIK control enables the user to program complex workpiece programs (e.g.for free-form surfaces, channel coordination, .) and makes programming of complicatedoperations easy for technologists.Availability of the described NC language elementsAll NC language elements described in the manual are available for the SINUMERIK840D sl. The availability regarding SINUMERIK 828D can be found in table "Operations:Availability for SINUMERIK 828D (Page 455)".FundamentalsProgramming Manual, 03/2013, 6FC5398-1BP40-3BA15
PrefaceFundamentals6Programming Manual, 03/2013, 6FC5398-1BP40-3BA1
Table of contentsPreface . 31234Fundamental Geometrical Principles . 131.11.1.11.1.21.1.31.1.41.1.5Workpiece positions.13Workpiece coordinate systems .13Cartesian coordinates .14Polar coordinates .17Absolute dimensions.18Incremental dimension.201.2Working planes .211.3Zero points and reference points .221.41.4.11.4.21.4.31.4.41.4.51.4.6Coordinate systems .24Machine coordinate system (MCS).24Basic coordinate system (BCS) .27Basic zero system (BZS) .29Settable zero system (SZS) .30Workpiece coordinate system (WCS).31What is the relationship between the various coordinate systems? .31Fundamental Principles of NC Programming . 332.1Name of an NC program.332.22.2.12.2.22.2.32.2.42.2.5Structure and contents of an NC program .35Blocks and block components .35Block rules.37Value assignments.38Comments.39Skipping blocks .39Creating an NC program. 433.1Basic procedure .433.2Available characters.443.3Program header .453.43.4.13.4.23.4.3Program examples.47Example 1: First programming steps .47Example 2: NC program for turning .48Example 3: NC program for milling .50Tool change. 534.14.1.14.1.2Tool change without tool management.53Tool change with T command.53Tool change with M6.544.2Tool change with tool management (option).56FundamentalsProgramming Manual, 03/2013, 6FC5398-1BP40-3BA17
Table of contents5674.2.14.2.2Tool change with T command with active tool management (option). 56Tool change with M6 with active tool management (option). 584.3Behavior with faulty T programming . 60Tool offsets . 615.1General information about the tool offsets . 615.2Tool length compensation . 625.3Tool radius compensation . 635.4Tool compensation memory. 645.55.5.15.5.25.5.35.5.45.5.55.5.65.5.7Tool types. 65General information about the tool types . 65Milling tools . 66Drills . 68Grinding tools . 69Turning tools . 70Special tools. 71Chaining rule . 725.6Tool offset call (D) . 735.7Change in the tool offset data . 755.8Programmable tool offset (TOFFL, TOFF, TOFFR). 76Spindle motion . 816.1Spindle speed (S), spindle direction of rotation (M3, M4, M5). 816.2Cutting rate (SVC). 856.3Constant cutting rate (G96/G961/G962, G97/G971/G972, G973, LIMS, SCC) . 926.4Constant grinding wheel peripheral speed (GWPSON, GWPSOF). 976.5Programmable spindle speed limitation (G25, G26). 99Feed control. 1017.1Feedrate (G93, G94, G95, F, FGROUP, FL, FGREF). 1017.2Traverse positioning axes (POS, POSA, POSP, FA, WAITP, WAITMC) . 1107.3Position-controlled spindle mode (SPCON, SPCOF) . 1137.4Positioning spindles (SPOS, SPOSA, M19, M70, WAITS). 1157.5Feedrate for positioning axes / spindles (FA, FPR, FPRAON, FPRAOF) . 1237.6Programmable feedrate override (OVR, OVRRAP, OVRA) . 1277.7Programmable acceleration override (ACC) (option). 1297.8Feedrate with handwheel override (FD, FDA) . 1317.9Feedrate optimization for curved path sections (CFTCP, CFC, CFIN). 1357.10Several feedrate values in one block (F, ST, SR, FMA, STA, SRA). 1377.11Non-modal feedrate (FB) . 1417.12Tooth feedrate (G95 FZ) . 142Fundamentals8Programming Manual, 03/2013, 6FC5398-1BP40-3BA1
Table of contents8Geometry settings. 1498.1Settable zero offset (G54 to G57, G505 to G599, G53, G500, SUPA, G153).1498.2Selection of the working plane (G17/G18/G19) .1538.38.3.18.3.28.3.38.3.48.3.58.3.6Dimensions .156Absolute dimensions (G90, AC).156Incremental dimensions (G91, IC) .159Absolute and incremental dimensions for turning and milling (G90/G91) .162Absolute dimensions for rotary axes (DC, ACP, ACN) .163Inch or metric dimensions (G70/G700, G71/G710) .165Channel-specific diameter/radius programming (DIAMON, DIAM90, DIAMOF,DIAMCYCOF) .168Axis-specific diameter/radius programming (DIAMONA, DIAM90A, DIAMOFA,DIACYCOFA, DIAMCHANA, DIAMCHAN, DAC, DIC, RAC, RIC) .1708.3.78.49Position of workpiece for turning.175Motion commands . 1779.1General information about the travel commands.1779.2Travel commands with Cartesian coordinates (G0, G1, G2, G3, X., Y., Z.).1799.39.3.19.3.2Travel commands with polar coordinates .180Reference point of the polar coordinates (G110, G111, G112).180Travel commands with polar coordinates (G0, G1, G2, G3, AP, RP).1829.4Rapid traverse motion (G0, RTLION, RTLIOF) .1869.5Linear interpolation (G1) .1909.69.6.19.6.29.6.39.6.49.6.7Circular interpolation .192Circular interpolation types (G2/G3, .) .192Circular interpolation with center point and end point (G2/G3, X. Y. Z., I. J. K.) .196Circular interpolation with radius and end point (G2/G3, X. Y. Z., CR) .199Circular interpolation with opening angle and center point (G2/G3, X. Y. Z./ I. J.K., AR).201Circular interpolation with polar coordinates (G2/G3, AP, RP).203Circular interpolation with intermediate point and end point (CIP, X. Y. Z., I1. J1.K1.).205Circular interpolation with tangential transition (CT, X. Y. Z.).2089.7Helical interpolation (G2/G3, TURN) .2119.8Involute interpolation (INVCW, INVCCW).2149.99.9.19.9.29.9.39.9.49.9.5Contour definitions .219Contour definition programming.219Contour definitions: One straight line.220Contour definitions: Two straight lines.221Contour definitions: Three straight lines .225Contour definitions: End point programming with angle .2289.109.10.19.10.29.10.3Thread cutting .229Thread cutting with constant lead (G33, SF) .229Programmed run-in and run-out path (DITS, DITE):.235Thread cutting with increasing or decreasing lead (G34, G35) .2379.6.59.6.6FundamentalsProgramming Manual, 03/2013, 6FC5398-1BP40-3BA19
Table of contents101112139.10.4Fast retraction during thread cutting (LFON, LFOF, DILF, ALF, LFTXT, LFWP, LFPOS,POLF, POLFMASK, POLFMLIN). 2399.119.11.19.11.2Tapping . 243Tapping without compensating chuck (G331, G332). 243Tapping with compensating chuck (G63). 2489.12Chamfer, rounding (CHF, CHR, RND, RNDM, FRC, FRCM) . 250Tool radius compensation. 25710.1Tool radius compensation (G40, G41, G42, OFFN) . 25710.2Approaching and leaving contour (NORM, KONT, KONTC, KONTT) . 26710.3Compensation at the outside corners (G450, G451, DISC) . 27410.410.4.110.4.2Smooth approach and retraction. 278Approach and retraction (G140 to G143, G147, G148, G247, G248, G347, G348, G340,G341, DISR, DISCL, DISRP, FAD, PM, PR) . 278Approach and retraction with extended retraction strategies (G460, G461, G462). 28910.5Collision detection (CDON, CDOF, CDOF2) . 29310.62D tool compensation (CUT2D, CUT2DF). 29610.7Keep tool radius compensation constant (CUTCONON, CUTCONOF) . 30010.8Tools with a relevant cutting edge position . 302Path action. 30511.1Exact stop (G60, G9, G601, G602, G603). 30511.2Continuous-path mode (G64, G641, G642, G643, G644, G645, ADIS, ADISPOS). 308Coordinate transformations (frames) . 31912.1Frames . 31912.2Frame instructions. 32112.312.3.112.3.2Programmable zero offset. 326Zero offset (TRANS, ATRANS). 326Axial zero offset (G58, G59). 33012.4Programmable rotation (ROT, AROT, RPL) . 33312.5Programmable frame rotations with solid angles (ROTS, AROTS, CROTS) . 34012.6Programmable scaling factor (SCALE, ASCALE). 34212.7Programmable mirroring (MIRROR, AMIRROR) . 34512.8Frame generation according to tool orientation (TOFRAME, TOROT, PAROT): . 35112.9Deselect frame (G53, G153, SUPA, G500) . 35412.10Deselecting overlaid movements (DRFOF, CORROF) . 355Auxiliary function outputs . 35913.114M functions . 362Supplementary commands . 36714.1Output messages (MSG) . 367Fundamentals10Programming Manual, 03/2013, 6FC5398-1BP40-3BA1
Table of contents151614.2Writing string in OPI variable (WRTPR).36914.314.3.114.3.2Working area limitation .370Working area limitation in BCS (G25/G26, WALIMON, WALIMOF).370Working area limitation in WCS/SZS (WALCS0 . WALCS10).37314.4Reference point approach (G74) .37614.5Approaching a fixed point (G75) .37714.6Travel to fixed stop (FXS, FXST, FXSW) .38114.7Dwell time (G4) .38614.8Internal preprocessing stop.388Other information . 5.1.815.1.915.1.1015.1.1115.1.12Axes .389Main axes/Geometry axes .390Special axes.391Main spindle, master spindle .392Machine axes .392Channel axes .
Programming Manual Valid for Control SINUMERIK 840D sl / 840DE sl SINUMERIK 828D Software Version CNC software 4.5 SP2 03/2013 6FC5398-1BP40-3BA1 Preface Fundamental Geometrical Principles 1 Fundamental Principles of NC Programming 2 Creating an NC program 3 Tool change 4 Tool offsets 5 Spind
