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WASHINGTONHas the finest scenery on the Continent.Has the only arsenic refining plant in the Union.Cans more salmon than any other state in the Union.Has the largest single warehouse of any state in the Union.Has more standing timber than any other state in the UnionHas more excellent harbors than any other state in the UnioHas one town that ships more wheat than any other point inUnion.Manufactures more lumber and shingles than any other statthe Union.Produces more wheat and oats to the acre than any otherin the Union.Has the most extensive beds of decorative marble of anyin the Union.Has forest reserves containing more standing timber thanother state in the Union.Dispatches from her norts the two largest freighters afloat—Minnesota and the Dakota.Offers more opportunities to settlers and investors than any ostate in the Union.Maintains more fish hatcheries and turns out more spawnany other state in the Union.Has an equable climate, fine scenery and an abundance of gmaking it a paradise for the sportsmen.

TT With all the endowments of Nature to the state of Washington.,sin, Michigan and Minnesota depleted, the trade must turn to thenone are greater than its vast forests of cedar, fir, spruce,Pacific Northwest for its lumber and shingles.hemlock, larch, pine, etc., an endowment which is fully appre tent of the timber of Washington may be gained from the statementSome idea of the ex ciated by man, for he has sought to turn it into the channels ofthat the geological survey estimates now standing 195,237,000,000commerce, and as a result has made the state of Washington, sofeet, which would last for one hundred years with an annual cut ofyoung in years that by many it is supposed to be the home of thetwo billion feet.Indian and the “dime novel” westerner, the first of all the statesof this Union in the manufacture of lumber and shingles.EvenThe timber of the Pacific Northwest is noted for its size andstrength.Here the regulation log cut and prepared for the mills iswith this, so great are the timber resources of the stale that the in from two to four feet in diameter, while trees as large as nine anddustry is still in its infancy.ten feet are to be seen in nearly every large boom. Some idea of theThe forests have, to date, been simplynibbled around the edges. The great body yet remains and ’tis welllumber in a tree of this kind is furnished by the fact that a singlefor the country at large that it does, for with the forests of Wiscon tree has yielded 80,000 feet of lumber, enough to build complete,

THE4STATEOFWASHINGTONtrees.As they are required they are felled and findtheir way through the booms to the great band saw,and thence to the consumer.The fir of Washington, known as the Douglas fir, hasno equal among the timbers of the world in the varietyof uses to which it can be put.According to govern mental tests, it is stronger than oak.Tall, straight asan arrow, without a limb for a hundred feet, it is fur nishing spars and masts for all the world.The sparsand masts of The Defender, the cup winner last year,were of Washington fir. It has proven valuable in rail shingles and all, seven five-room cottages, leaving sufficient in theroad work, in car building for sills and finishing, and in bridge andshape of wood from the slabs and limbs to last the families living instructural work where great length, with strength, is necessary.these houses about a year.The great trees of Washington are becoming famed and year afterNext in importance to the fir is the cedar, from which is manu factured the celebrated Washington shingle, now known in everyyear are attracting the sightseer who has been led to believe thatlumber market.there are no big trees in this country save the giants of California,expands nor cold contracts, it is welcome everywhere.which, be it told, are well guarded, and are not trees attacked by theshingle business is still an "infant industry,” last year Washingtonlogger and the millman.manufactured more shingles than any other state.The giants of Washington are commercialSo perfect is this shingle, so firm that neither heatWhile the

THESTATEOFIt may be of interest to those making this line a study to have5WASHINGTONkinds of woodenware.The state has now ninety-one concernsbefore them a few figures which tell stories far greater than words,manufacturing sash and doors, furniture, pails, tubs, boxes, crates,stories that seem like fiction and yet which are proven facts.panels and fancy mill work.The following table gives the standing timber of the state:Their product has more than a localdemand, much of it going to the middle west states, many factoriesmaintaining eastern offices at Minneapolis, Omaha, Chicago, St.SpeciesFeet, B. M.Red Fir.Hemlock .Cedar.Yellow Pine.Ambilis Fir .Spruce .Larch.White Fir .Other ouis and Kansas City, and two or three a New York selling office.Eastern Washington is best known for its pine, and although it isthe west side where are located the larger and greater number ofmills, the entire state has made much of its timber resources.In the state are operated 419 lumber mills and 441 shingle mills,he former with a daily capacity of 26,000,000 feet, and the latter12,000,000 shingles. Within the state are operated over 300 loggingcamps.)00,000.The spruce in Washington is numbered among the trees that havegrown to great size. This wood is white, resembling pine, and beingThe mills, logging camps and woodenware manufacturingplants pay to wage earners during a single year in excess of 25,Over 37,000,000 is employed in lumbering.Last yearWashington shipped by rail 42,701 cars of lumber and 35,764 carsf shingles, while the cargo trade was 770,057,846 feet, or measuredof light weight, is used for all kinds of boxes, woodenware and fur in cars, about twenty per cent more than by rail.niture.ber goes to nearly every country on the Pacific, and a great deal toThe hemlock finds a similar use.The existence of suchmaterial has naturally resulted in large manufacturing plants for allhe European countries.This cargo lum Australia and South Africa are also great

' )iNNEP(jrt)ELLS CO.

THEconsumers.STATEOFWASHINGTONThe cargo trade of 1903 was a gain over 1902of 34.7 per cent while there was a gain in rail shipmentsof 13.2 per cent.The shipment of shingles by water is, asyet, not so extensive as by rail, but each year sees it grow.The significance of these figures is better understood whenit is stated that had all the lumber and shingles manufacturedin Washington during 1903 been placed on cars and all thecars made into one train, that train would have reachedfrom Puget Sound to St. Paul.There still remains much timber land subject to entry.FOR THE WASHINGTON STATE BUILDING.

8THE STATE OF WASHINGTONA FEW SHINGLE FACTS.WASHINGTON to-day ranks FIRST among states in theproduction of shingles.WASHINGTON has a stumpage of 22,646,071,000 feet.WASHINGTON has 441 shingle mills.These mills have a daily capacity of 42,000,000 shingles.WASHINGTON last year shipped by rail 5,722,240,000,or 35,764 car loads, of shingles.WASHINGTON lastyear shipped by . boat 60,000,000shingles.The shingle mills of WASHINGTON last year paid theiremployees 2,800,000.

flax, etc. As these mount ains slope to the Columbia river,which broad and magnificent stream nursesthese same wheat fields, there is a great stretch oflight soil, referred to as arid, and yet which bloomsand blossoms as did the fabled gardens of the Aztec Gods,when supplied with water.It is a land of eternal sunshine.High ! the mountains, carefully guarded by giant snow-clad peaks, are: irge lakes proud of their hoarded stores of water, which throughhe intervention of man, with his numerous irrigation canals, furnishthroughout the year a steady and reliable supply of moisture, thusMJT Nature modeled the State of Washington after plans furnishedby the Goddess of Plenty, who here sought to form a landwherethetillerof thesoilandthegathererofgrainnabling the soil to enrich the world with its latent powers.As the western slope of the mountains dips down to the sea are lowlands of rich alluvial soil.Here are to be found thousands of smallmight live happily, peacefully and with every want of life supplied.alleys where the grass is always green, where stock grazes in theHence it is that on the east side of the mountains are to be foundeld the year round, and where twenty acres of land devoted to fruit,great broad and rolling prairies, the soil of which gladdens theheart of the farmer by producing prodigiously of wheat, barley, rye,egetables or dairying will keep a family in plenty.Although some distance north the gentle winds from the ocean,

10THE STATE OF WASHINGTONcountry” and the "Walla Walla country.”The former two, com prising the greater part of eastern Washington, are primarily wheatproducing sections, while the latter, famed also for its wheat, islikewise famed for its fruits.rich.The soil of these districts is deep andOf volcanic origin, each passing century has deposited upon itdecaying matter which teems with all the elements required in a soilto produce hardy grains, and to be almost everlasting.is needed.The raw land is ready for the plow.bring big returns.No fertilizerThe first crop willFrom twenty-five to fifty bushels of wheat per acrewill be the result, with every facility for marketing, while goodprices always prevail.At first glance the farmer fiom level sections of the east or middlewest doubts the ability of these rolling hills to produce.at the manner of farming.great gang plows.He marvelsPlowing is done almost entirely withIn many instances a string of ten to twenty fol low a great traction engine.Wheat is harvested largely by the head er, the grain going directly from the header box to the threshercylinder.Often a combined machine is used—a header and threshertempered by the warm Japan current, sweep across these lands andall in one — and the grain, in sacks, deposited behind the machine asfar up into the mountains, keeping that section of Washington lyingit rolls along, is ready for the market.west of the Cascades at an even and desirable temperature all theyear.But the Goddess of Plenty, seeking also the protectiont herThe careful farmers, and those who have given the matter con siderable study, estimate that wheat can be raised in eastern Wash great wheat fields from the chilling blasts of the north, tore down theington and marketed for twenty-six cents per bushel.barriers of the snow clad mountains to make road for the Columbiamind you, with the average yield about thirty bushels per acre.river, leaving a wide channel for these same warm winds to carryThe large farms are being cut up into smaller tracts.their tempering breaths to the eastern section of the state, where,farming in this section is coming into vogue.save the high altitudes, the winter is like Virginia or Maryland.depends upon his wheat alone.The great rolling prairies of eastern Washington are commonlydivided into three sections — the “ Big Bend country,” the " P,douseAnd this,DiversifiedThe farmer no longerHe now has his little orchard, hishogs, his cattle and his chickens, from all of which he gets goodreturns.Much new land is being opened up.The wheat section of

THESTATEA Combined Harvester in Action.{fspi?!A combined Harvester.HEADINGOFWASHINGTON11