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ORDERJ MAINTEN/om!,6000.47OF DIGITAL TRANSMISSION CHANNELSOctober 18, 1993U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATIONFEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATIONDistribution:A-FAF-0(MAX); X(AF)-3;ZAF-604Initiated By:AOS-240I
6000.47FOREWORD1. PURPOSE. This handbook provides guidance andprescribes technical standards and tolerances, andprocedures applicable to the maintenance and inspection of digital transmission channels. This handbookprovides operating and maintenance requirements forspecific services that provide digital transmissionchannels, such as the leased interfacility NationalAirspaceSystem (NAS)communications system(LINCS) . It also provides informationon specialmethods and techniques which will enable maintenancepersonnel to achieve optimum performance from theequipment and transmission services. This informationaugments information available in instruction booksand other handbooks, and complements the latestedition of Order 6000.15, General MaintenanceHandbook for Airway Facilities.2. DISTRIBUTION.This directive is distributed toselected offices and services within Washington headquarters, the FAA Technical Center, and the MikeMonroney Aeronautical Center; to the branch level@within the regional AirwayFacilitiesdivisions;and allAirway Facilities field offices.3. MAINTENANCE AND MODIFICATIONPOLICY.a. Order 6000.15, this handbook, and the applicable equipment instruction books shall be consultedand used together by the maintenance technician in allduties and activities for the maintenance of digitallines. The three documents shall be used collectivelyas the official source of maintenance policy anddirection authorized by the Operational SupportService. References in this handbook shall indicate tothe user whether this handbook and/or the equipmentinstruction book shalI be consulted for a particularstandard, key inspectionelement or performanceparameter, performance check, maintenance task, ormaintenance procedure.b. The latest edition of Order 6032.1, Modificationsto Ground Facilities, Systems, and Equipment in theNational Airspace System, contains comprehensivepolicy and direction concerning the development,authorization, implementation,and recording ofmodifications to facilities, systems, and equipment incommissioned status. It supersedes all instructionspublished in earlier editions of maintenance technicalhandbooks and related directives.4. RECOMMENDATIONSFOR IMPROVEMENT.Preaddressed comment sheets are provided at the backof this handbook in accordance with the latest editionof Order 1320.40, Expedited Clearance Procedures forAirway Facilities Maintenance Directives. Users arerecommendationsencouraged to submitforimprovement.Charles L. StithDirector, OperationalSupport Service.Page i (and ii)
6/29/996000.47 CHG 4TABLE OF CONTENTSParagraphPageChapter 1. GENERAL INFORMATION AND REQUIREMENTS*1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.-10.Objective. . . .Safety . . . .Certification . . . .Reporting Irregularities, Interruptions, and Outages . .Aircraft Accidents . . . .Troubleshooting . . . .Service Specifications in Effect . . .Coordination of Maintenance Activities . . .Reserved.111122-12-12-2 *Chapter 2. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS11.Purpose . . . .3Section 1. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND12.13.14.15.16.-20.System Overview . . . .Data Modulation . . . .T-Carrier Channel Coding Methods and Issues . .The Digital Hierarchy . . .Reserved.33810Section 2. DESCRIPTION OF SERVICES21.22.23.-30.Perspective . . . .Digital Transmission Services. . .Reserved.1112Section 3. DIGITAL PERFORMANCE AND TEST PARAMETERS31.32.-35.Digital Maintenance. . .Reserved.20-1Chapter 3. STANDARDS AND TOLERANCES*36.37.38.General. . . .Notes and Conditions . . .LINCS, FAATSAT, and BWM Digital Data Service (DDS) . .DDS-2.4, 4.8, 9.6, 19.2, 56, and 64272729*Page iii
6000.47 CHG 46/29/99ParagraphPageChapter 3. STANDARDS AND TOLERANCES (Continued)**39.LINCS, FAATSAT, and BWM Type F (Fractional DS-1, Channelized Format) .F-64 (1 DS-0 Channel), F-128 (2 DS-0 Channels),F-256 (4 DS-0 Channels), F-384 (6 DS-0 Channels),F-512 (8 DS-0 Channels), F-768 (12 DS-0 Channels)40. LINCS, FAATSAT, and BWM Type FB (Fractional DS-1, Bulk Format) .FB-64 (1 DS-0 Channel), FB-128 (2 DS-0 Channels),FB-256 (4 DS-0 Channels), FB-384 (6 DS-0 Channels),FB-512 (8 DS-0 Channels), FB-768 (12 DS-0 Channels)41. LINCS, FAASTAT, and BWM Types DS-1 (1.544 Mb/s, Channelized.Format) and DS-1B (1.544 Mb/s, Bulk Format)42. LINCS, FAATSAT, and BWM Direct Digitial Connection (DDC).V.35, RS-232, EIA-53043. FTS2000 Digital Data Service (DDS). DDS-9.6 and -56 . .44. FTS2000 Type F (Fractional DS-1, Channelized Format, . .Type FB (Fractional DS-1 Bulk Format45. FTS2000 Types DS-1 (1.544 Mb/s, Channelized Format) . .and DS-1B (1.544 Mb/s, Bulk Format)46. RCL Digital Data Service (DDS), DDS-56 . .47. RCL Direct Digital Connection (DDC). V.35 Interface . .DDC-2.4 (2.4 Kb/s), DDC-4.8 (4.8 Kb/s), DDC-9.6 (9.6 Kb/s),DDC-14.4 (14.4 Kb/s), DDC-19.2 (19.2 Kb/s), DDC-56 (56 Kb/s),DDC-64 (64 Kb/s), DDC-128 (128 Kb/s, DDC-192 (192 Kb/s),DDC-256 (256 Kb/s), DDC-320 (320 Kb/s, DDC-384 (384 Kb/s),DDC-448 (448 Kb/s), DDC-512 (512 Kb/s, DDC-576 (576 Kb/s),DDC-640 (640 Kb/s), DDC-704 (704 Kb/s, DDC-768 (768 Kb/s),DDC-832 (832 Kb/s), DDC-896 (896 Kb/s, DDC-960 (960 Kb/s),DDC-1024 (1024 Kb/s), DDC-1088 (1088 Kb/s, DDC-1152 (1152 Kb/s),DDC-1216 (1216 Kb/s), DDC-1280 (1280 Kb/s, DDC-1344 (1344 Kb/s),DDC-1408 (1408 Kb/s), DDC-1472 (1472 Kb/s, DDC-1536 (1536 Kb/s ),48. RCL and LDRCL Types DS-1 (1.544 Mb/s, Channelized Format) and DS-1B .(1.544 Mb/s, Bulk Format)49.-50. Reserved.293030-130-130-2 *30-230-330-430-4*30-5Chapter 4. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE51.General. . . .Section 1. PERFORMANCE CHECKS (RESERVED)52.-60.Page ivReserved.31
3/27/20026000.47 CHG 5ParagraphPageChapter 4. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE (Continued)Section 2. OTHER MAINTENANCE TASKS*61.62.63.-70.Withdrawn by CHG 5 .As Required .Reserved.3131Chapter 5. MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES71.72.73.74.75.76.-80.General .Objective .Discussion.Test Equipment Required .Test Equipment Manuals .Reserved.3333333335Section 1. PERFORMANCE CHECK PROCEDURES (RESERVED)81.-90.Reserved.Page iv-1/iv-2*
12/27/966000.47 CHG 2ParagraphPageChapter 5. MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES (Continued)Section 2. OTHER MAINTENANCE TASKS91.92.93.94.95.96.97.98.99.100.-110.Procedure for Checking Newbridge 4602 NMS Display-Only System .Test Procedures for DDS Lines . . .Test Procedures for Type F, FB, DS-1 and DS-1B Lines . .Test Procedures for Pulse Mask Measurement. . .Stress Pattern Test Procedures for DDS Lines . . .Stress Pattern Test Procedures for Type F, FB, DS-1 and DS-1B Lines. .Operational Shadow Testing Procedures for All Type Lines. . .Test Procedures for Type DDC Lines . . .Stress Pattern Test Procedure for Type DDC Lines . .Reserved.353740444851545656-2Chapter 6. FLIGHT INSPECTION111.112.-120.General. . . .Reserved.57Chapter 7. MISCELLANEOUS121.122.-130.Pulse Mask Transparency . . .Reserved.59Appendix 1. FIREBERD 60001. Fireberd 6000. . . .Table 1. Fireberd Digital Interfaces . . .12Appendix 2. LINCS DIGITAL INTERFACE REQUIREMENTS SUMMARY1. General . . . .2. Performance Requirements . . . .11Appendix 3. DIGITAL INTERFACE FOR MASTER DEMARCATION SYSTEM1. General . . . .Figure 1. DSX Jack Schematic . . .Table 1. DSX-1 Components . . .135GLOSSARYPage v
6000.47 CHG 212/27/96TablePageLIST OF TABLES2-12-25-15-25-35-45-5The Digital Hierarchy (North America) . . .Comparison of Data Rates for DDS-I and DDS-II Service . .Test Equipment . . . .Fireberd 6000 Interfaces . . .Equipment Manuals . . .Procedure Cross-Reference for RCL Equipment . .Procedure Cross-Reference for RCL and LDRCL Equipment . .11143434353942LIST OF 2-112-122-132-142-14A2-152-162-175-15-25-37-1Page viPageBasis Digital Data Transmission . . .Sampling and Quantization . . .DSU/CSU Interface. . .Encoding Formats Used in Digital Data Transmission. .Conceptual T1 Multiplexing and Framing . .The Extended Superframe (ESF) Format . .Typical Digital-Analog-Digital Transmission . .Typical All-Digital DDS Network . . .DDS Service. . . .DDS-I and DDS-II Services . . .Industry Standard T1-Based Digital Hierarchy . .Type F and FB Services. . .Typical Type DS-1 and DS-1B Services . .Possible End-to-End Application for DDS . .Typical DDC Interconnections . . .In-Service Digital Data Performance Parameters . .Typical In-Service and Out-of-Service Testing . .4602 NMS View Only Monitoring System . .Pulse Mask. . . .Pulse Mask Test Circuit . . .Typical Circuit Connections for Performing O perational Shadow Testing .Pulse Mask Template . . .4567101012131415161819202023242647485560
6/29/996000.47 CHG 4CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INFORMATION AND REQUIREMENTS1. OBJECTIVE. The objective of this handbook is toprovide the necessary guidance, to be used in conjunctionwith information available in instruction books and otherhandbooks, for the proper maintenance and inspection ofdigital transmission channels.2. SAFETY.Personnel should observe all safetyprecautions when working on equipment. For guidancerefer to Order 6000.15, General Maintenance Handbook forAirway Facilities.3. CERTIFICATION. There are no certification requirements for leased or FAA-owned lines.4. REPORTING IRREGULARITIES,TIONS, AND OUTAGES.INTERRUP-a. Test Equipment. Test equipment and tools requiredto identify system irregularities and perform routinemaintenance of digital lines are listed in the latest edition ofOrder 6200.4, Test Equipment Management Handbook.b. Reporting to the Serving Company. After beingreasonably certain that FAA equipment is not at fault, theSystem Management Office (SMO) manager, or representative, at the monitoring end of the circuit at fault, shallbe responsible for reporting the service difficulty. The latestedition of Order 6030.42, Leased Communications ServiceOutage Reporting, covers common language to be used andexpected action to be taken in case of traffic on or outage ofleased services. The latest edition of Order 6030.41,Notification Plan for Unscheduled Facility Interruptions andOther Significant Events, and any other regional escalationprocedures, covers procedures to be used in the event ofunscheduled facility interruptions.* c. Reporting LINCS and FAATSAT Channel Outages.The SMO manager or representative shall contact theMicrowave Communications Incorporated (MCI) LINCSand FAATSAT Program Management Organization (PMO)Network Management Help Desk. The Help Desk at 800-68LINCS (800-685-4627) provides a single point-of-contactfor day-to-day trouble management. The automated menuwill direct the call to LINCS or FAATSAT, as required. *Chap 1Par 1The Help Desk is manned 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.This group initiates and tracks requests for correctiveaction and ensures that escalation notifications are* addressed within established time parameters. In a LINCSrelated emergency, when the help desk is unreachable, call800-293-5844, 919-677-5696, or the alternate LINCS helpdesk on 703-414-9615. Additionally, a dedicated MCIsenior technician will be at each FAA Air Route TrafficControl Center (ARTCC) for consultation should anyproblem be detected in the LINCS or FAATSAT systems.Beyond the Help Desk there are two levels of troublereporting assistance. The three levels of trouble reportingassistance are described below.(1) The MCI LINCS and FAATSAT PMO NetworkManagement Help Desk fields all user calls and providesfirst-level trouble reporting assistance.(2) The MCI LINCS program management office(PMO) network operations element within the LINCS PMOnetwork management function provides second-levelsupport by receiving troubles or questions that the help deskis unable to answer.(3) The MCI FAATSAT program management office(PMO) network operations element within the FAATSATPMO network management function provides second-levelsupport by receiving troubles or questions that the help deskis unable to answer.(4) If there are questions that cannot be addressed bythe Network Operations element, the Help Desk obtainsthird-level trouble assistance from the Network Engineeringfunction or from the Newbridge technical assistance center(TAC) if the problem is multiplexer related.*d. Reporting FTS2000 Channel Outages.TheGeneral Services Administration (GSA) is the manager ofservice providers for FTS2000.GSA overseesmanagement functions, ensures contract compliance, andsupports the FAA when problems arise with AT&T, thecompany supporting FAA as the service A provider. TheFTS2000 contract requires that GSA and AT&T operate asthe customer service organization.Page 1
6000.47 CHG 4(1) Contacting the Serving Company (AT&T). TheAT&T Customer Service Office (CSO) is the single pointof contact for FTS2000 network troubles and usercomplaints. This 24 hours per day, 7 days per week office,is the first resource an FAA AFS manager, or hisrepresentative, will contact when in need of FTS2000customer support. The toll-free number for the CSO is800-332-4387.(2) Reporting to GSA. Call the GSA FTS customersatisfaction center to escalate any problem already reportedwithin FTS2000. The office is open from 7 a.m. until 9 p.m.Eastern Time, Monday through Friday. The number forthe GSA FTS Customer Satisfaction Center is 703-7607500.e. Reporting RCL/LDRCL Channel Outages.(1) For digital services provided by the radiocommunications link (RCL) or low-density radiocommunications link (LDRCL) networks, the FAA is theserving company and responsible for the servicerestoration. The microwave links that comprise thesenetworks, utilize redundant channels designated A and B,with one of these channels being used for service and theother for backup.In normal operation, automaticswitching is in place to sense the loss of a channel andswitch service to the backup channel. However, amanual override is available to defeat the automaticswitching. Should a service failure occur, ARTCCpersonnel controlling the link assess the cause of thefailure an
equipment and transmission services. This information augments information available in instruction books and other handbooks, and complements the latest edition of Order 6000.15, General Maintenance . (MCI) LINCS and FAATSAT Program Management Organization (P
