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WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCESArchana et al.World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesSJIF Impact Factor 7.421Volume 7, Issue 9, 639-652Research ArticleISSN 2278 – 4357LIFE STYLE MODIFICATIONS FOR PREVENTION OFOCCUPATIONAL POSTURAL DISORDERS THROUGH SIDDHAWAYArchana K.*1, Muthukumar N. J.2, Mahalakshmi V.3, Mahadevan M. V.3 andBanumathi V.41PG Scholar, Department of Sirappu Maruthuvam, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai,Tamil Nadu, India.2Associate Professor & Head of the Department, Department of Sirappu Maruthuvam,National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.3Lecturer, Department of Sirappu Maruthuvam, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, TamilNadu, India.4The Director, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.ABSTRACTArticle Received on20 July 2018,Siddha is one of the oldest documented system of medicine whichRevised on 10 August 2018,Accepted on 30 August 2018emphasizes us to lead a perfect living in this world, starting frombirth to death. The Brazilian Social Security Agency definesDOI: 10.20959/wjpps20189-12327Occupational Postural Disorders (OPD) as a clinical syndromeinvolving a variety of inflammatory and degenerative morbidities that*Corresponding AuthorArchana K.PG Scholar, Department ofaffect the musculoskeletal system, particularly in the spinal region andupper limbs. OPD include a list of cervical, lumbar postural disordersSirappu Maruthuvam,characterized by the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms,National Institute of Siddha,compensatory postureChennai, Tamil Nadu, India.functional disabilities. OPD can be correlated with Vatha diseases inchangesandtemporaryorpermanentsiddha system. OPD can be prevented through Siddha preventivemeasures such as Siddha way of life style modifications. This presentation described aboutSiddha way of life style modifications which includes Therayar pini anugaa vidhi (Preventionof diseases), Nazh ozhukkam (Dialy Regimen) & Kaala ozhukkam (Seasonal observance),Siddha dietary modifications., and Kaaya karpam (Gerontology)- Mooligai Karpam, YogaKarpam (Yogic Practices).www.wjpps.comVol 7, Issue 9, 2018.639

Archana et al.World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesKEYWORDS: Siddha way of life style modifications, Therayar pini anugaa vidhi, Nazh &Kaala ozhukkam, Kaaya karpam, Occupational Postural Disorders.BACKROUNDSiddha is one of the oldest documented system of medicine which emphasizes us to lead aperfect living in this world, starting from birth to death. Siddha system has to handle fourdifferent divisions of the same subject which are comminged and intermingled with eachother viz. 1.Vatham (Alchemy), 2. Vaidhyam (Medicine), 3. Gnanam (wisdom), 4.Yogam.[1]The Brazilian Social Security Agency defines Occupational Postural Disorders (OPD) as aclinical syndrome involving a variety of inflammatory and degenerative morbidities thataffect the musculoskeletal system, particularly in the spinal region and upper limbs.[28] OPDinclude a list of cervical, lumbar postural disorders characterized by the presence ofmusculoskeletal symptoms, compensatory posture changes and temporary or permanentfunctional disabilities.[2] In Siddha system of medicine the Vatha diseases are said to be 80in total number of diseases 4448.[3] It can be correlated with Vatha diseases in siddha system.Inflammatory and degenerative disorders of OPD is one of the Vatha diseases. Vathadiseases of OPD is developed by vitiated of vatha humour and its characterized by Pain,penetrating pain, Radiating pain, Numbness, difficulty to normal movements.[4] OPD canbe prevented through Siddha preventive measures such as Siddha way of life stylemodifications which includes Therayar pini anugaa vidhi (Prevention of diseases), Nazhozhukkam (Dialy Regimen) & Kaala ozhukkam (Seasonal observance) , Kaaya karpam(Gerontology)- Mooligai Karpam , Yoga Karpam (Yogic Practices) , and Siddha dietarymodifications.www.wjpps.comVol 7, Issue 9, 2018.640

Archana et al.World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesSiddha Way of Life StyleTherayar Pini Anuga Vidhi Based On Preventive Of Vitiated Of Vatham Humors(Prevention Of Diseases)[5]“Thinna mirandullae sikka adakkaamar.”“Paal unbom; ennai perin veneerir kulippom ”-TherayarThe above verses explain the do's and don’ts in all our life style activities. These preventivemeasures against diseases are summarized below: Drink boiled water. Take meals twice a day. Take diluted buttermilk and melted ghee. Take sufficient quantity of milk and milk products. Never eat root tubers except yam. Always have food after feeling hungry. Always consume sour curd. Practice walking after a good diet. Drink water at the end of meals. Use hot water while taking oil bath. Never suppress any natural urge. Never sleep during daytime. Take emetic medication once in six months. Take purgative medication every four months in a year. Take oil bath once in every four days. Apply eye medications once in three days.Nall Ozhukkam[6] (Daily Regimen) Based On Preventive Of Vitiated Of VathamHumorsNaal oz hu kk am m entioned the system aticord er of ever y d ay activities that ev er yperson needs to follow in obs ervan ce to avoid lif est yle disord ers. Wakeup early morning at 4am to 6am on every day. Drink cold water at empty stomach at early morning. Excretion of stools and urine (Malam salam kazhithal). Regularly do exercise, practicing yoga which includes asanas, breathing techniques,www.wjpps.comVol 7, Issue 9, 2018.641

Archana et al.World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciencesmeditation techniques, etc at early morning on every day for 15 to 30 mints.II. Kaala Ozhukkam (Season Observance) Based On Preventive Of Vitiated Of VathamHumors:[6]“Andathil Ulladhae Pindam, Pindathil Ulladhae Andam” - Satta Muni GnanamThis verse means that the environment is same within and outside our body which indicatesthat the body physiology must be tuned according to the habitat and the prevailing seasonas an adaptive and preventive measure for one’s health.Mudhuvenil Kaalam (Summer from June 16th To Aug 15th)Vatham is an accumulated state in this season. So, Take purgative medication Take easily digested food Take increase amount of sweet taste food, coolant food, coolant liquids type of food Urine and stool should not control over.www.wjpps.comVol 7, Issue 9, 2018.642

Archana et al.World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesKaar kalam (Rainy Season From Aug 16th To Oct 15th)Vatham is an accumulated state in this season. So, Take increase amount of sweet, sour, salt taste food Take hot potency purgative medicine Avoid day time sleep Avoid over oiliness butter milk Use hot water while drink and bathPin pani Kaalam (Late Winter From Feb 16th To Apr 15th)Own qualities of vatham is increased in this season. So, Take increase amount of sweet, sour taste food Avoid vatham increases diet.Siddha Dietary ModificationDiet acts as the source of vital nutrients to gain energy and it builds our body. Dietetics isalso a subject especially of great importance in Siddha system, which does not believe inthe dictum. “Take anything you like” because of the fact that diseases can be cured easily byregulation of dietary.“Unavae Marundhu" Marundhae Unavu”This verse, meaning diet can act as medicine, explains the importance of diet. Derangementof humors and in equilibrium of seven physical constituents directly due to the variousarticles of food supplied to the body and so, the importance of pathya bagam (the system ofarranging dietary) suitable to the treatment of each disease is very essential.[1]Pathiyam (DO’S)Food type of sweet, sour, salt taste, oiliness, softness, hot potency are equilibrium ofVatham humor.[3]Food list for equilibrium of vatham humor[6] Seera samba rice Wheat (Gothumai) Foxtail millet (Thinai) Split pigeon pea (Thuvarai) Urad dal (Ulundhu)www.wjpps.comVol 7, Issue 9, 2018.643

Archana et al.World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Horse gram (Kollu) Turkey berry (Sundai kai) Alternanthera sessilis .Linn (Ponnanganni keerai) Oxalis corniculata. Linn (Puliyarai keerai) Ridge gourd (Peerkangai) Radish (Mulangi) Phyllanthus emblica.Linn (Nellikani) Fig (Aththi) Cat fish (Kezhuthi)Apathiyam (Donot’s)Dryness, cold, subtl, rough, unstable quality of food are increase own qualities of Vathamhumor result in vitiated Vatham humor.[3]Food list for disturbance of vatham humor[6] Raw rice (Pachch arisi) Ragi (Kaezh varagu) Split green gram (Paasi paruppu) Split Bengal gram (Kadalai paruppu) Cow pea (Kaara mani) Field beans (Mocha kottai) Ash gourd (Poosani) Brinjal (Kathari) Plantain (Vazhaikai) Pumpkin (Parangi kai) Banana (Vazhai palam) Tapioca (Kizhangu) Prawn (Iraal)Kaaya Karpam (R ejuvenation and Lon Ge Vity)“Kaaya Karpam” was p r acti c ed as a p re ventiv e m e asu re a gai nst illness and alsoprovides acquired immunity (seyarkai vanmai) to o ur body. Kaaya Karpam acts in two waysi.e., prevention against disease and restoration of health during illness. Thus, it is preventiveas well as constructive. Kaaya Karpam is studied under three categories viz.[1]1. Mooligai Karpam.www.wjpps.comVol 7, Issue 9, 2018.644

Archana et al.World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences2. Thathu and jeeva Karpam.3. Yoga Karpam.Mooligai KarpamThis deals with drugs used in Siddha for Kaaya Karpam which have plant origin.Podhukarpa Avizhtham (General Rejuvenating Drug)[19]Podhu karpa avizhtham is give energy and strength to the body and specially removes thedisease of the body by vitiated three humors. Withania somnifera. Linn.(Amukkara kizhangu), Eclipta alba.Linn (Karisalan kanni), Zingiber officinale.Roscoe (Inji)are one of the Podhu karpa avizhtham.[19]Avizhtham[19]Amukkara kizhangu(Withania somnifera.Linn)Karisalan kanni(Eclipta alba. Linn)Inji (Zingiberofficinale. Roscoe)Veeriyam[20] Effect of Tridhosam[21]Hot potencyHot potencyHot potencyActivityBalancesvathamand kaphamAnti- inflammatory[22]Balances vathamand kaphamReduces vitiated vathamand pitham dhosamAnti- inflammatory[23]Anti- inflammatory[24]Amukkara Kizhangu (Withania somnifera.Linn)“ [25] . -Koala Naguda verunduthira naattu vaiyaen maelaiNaguda verunduruu vaazhnaazh”- Agathiyar gunavaagadam.[20]Use: Amukkara Kizhangu powder 1 to 2 grm with milk, twice a day after food for 48 dayswill be used internally.[19]www.wjpps.comVol 7, Issue 9, 2018.645

Archana et al.World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesKarisalan Kanni (Eclipta alba. Linn)“ [26] . –NirarsonnaMeiyaan thagaraiyoththa meezhinnu narpulaththukKaiyaan thagaraiyoththyak kaal.”- Agathiyar gunavaagadam.[20]UseKarisalan Kanni leaf will be used in the diet for 48 days.[19]Inji(Zingiber officinale. Roscoe)[27]“Irundhen alangaara meithaindru meeriIrundhen alangaara meidhi – irundhenNeevi ragasiyamaa nenmaavudan kalandhuNeevi ragasiyamaai nei”-Agathiyar gunavaagadam.[2]Use: Inji thenural will be used internally for 48 days.[19]Yoga Karpam (Yogic Practices)Yoga is the science of right living and as such is intended to be incorporated in daily life. Itwww.wjpps.comVol 7, Issue 9, 2018.646