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NTI Course 32NTI Course 32Instructor Duties for Every Class1. Control classroom and laboratory behavior2. Set a good example of personal appearance,work habits, communication skills, andenthusiasm for learning and work3. Motivate students to enhance their learningTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory13NTI Course 32Instructor Duties for Every Class (cont.)4. Exemplify and encourage cooperativelearning5. Present quality instruction6. Demonstrate efficient organization andworking methods7. Expect appropriate quantity of work as wellas quality14Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryNTI Course 32Instructor Duties for Every Class (cont.)Instructor Duties for Every Class (cont.)8. Insist on safe work habits9. Demand proper care of tools, machines, andequipment10. Require respect for school and studentproperty11. Evaluate student progress and achievementand give specific feedback12. Be enthusiastic toward students anddemonstrate concern for the welfare ofeach one13. Be willing and available to render specialassistance to learnersTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory15NTI Course 3216NTI Course 32Facilitating Laboratory Learning1. Observing and assisting learners2. Evaluating work performance3. Supervising student behavior and operationof the laboratory17Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryTeaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryStudent Assistance NeedsAssisting students in planning their work by: Selecting work tasks or projects Drawing sketches or illustrations Determining operations and steps ofprocedure Estimating materials Selecting tools and equipment18Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory3

NTI Course 32NTI Course 32Types Of AssistanceProviding individual or small group assistanceby: Demonstrating all or portions of a task overagain Asking and answering questions Helping learners select tools and obtainmaterialsTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory19NTI Course 32Types Of Assistance (cont.) Assisting students with difficulties Helping a student with personal problems Encouraging studentsTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory20NTI Course 32Reasons for Checking ProgressSupervising the Laboratory Motivating and encouraging students Determining level of progress Assisting students with difficulties andcorrecting errors Ensuring that students have completed thelearning activity satisfactorily and are ready tomove to the next learning station Controlling student behavior Detecting fatigue and frustration Assisting students to keep their workstationorganized Observing correct operation of equipment andmachinesTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory21NTI Course 32NTI Course 32Supervising the Laboratory (cont.) Regulating student absence from the laboratory Moving about the laboratory and keeping students insight at all times Keeping students involved in learning activities at alltimes except during announced breaks Getting students back to learning activities afterbreaks Ending laboratory learning and cleaning andorganizing the laboratory23Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory22Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryLaboratory Instructor Responsibilities 24Delivering quality laboratory instructionControlling laboratory behaviorMotivating students to enhance learningExemplifying and encouraging cooperativerelationshipsTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory4

NTI Course 32NTI Course 32Laboratory InstructorResponsibilities (cont.) Demonstrating efficient organization andworking methods Expecting quantity and quality work Insisting on safe work habits25Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryLaboratory InstructorResponsibilities (cont.) Demanding proper care of machines, tools, andequipment Requiring respect for school and student property Evaluating student performance and providingspecific, positive feedback Being enthusiastic and demonstrating concern forthe welfare of each student26Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory5

NTI Course 32NTI Course 32Session #3 ObjectivesSession #3 Objectives (cont.)1. Describe project-based learning2. Describe direct instruction and componentsof this instructional approach3. Prepare for and demonstrate how to performa manipulative task4. Describe how to monitor, evaluate, andprovide feedback to learners as they performwork tasksTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory1NTI Course 32Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory2NTI Course 32Definition of Task/Project-BasedLearning“Learning experiences based on real-worldperformance tasks or projects in which studentslearn how to solve problems and complete afinished product or service.”Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory3NTI Course 32Definition of Direct Instruction Direct instruction is defined as “teaching inthe most effective way” It is an instructional approach that is used toget students to learn as much about how toperform a task as possible in the most efficientwayNTI Course 32Basic Direct Instruction Model 5Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory4Lesson introductionLesson developmentStructured or guided practiceIndependent practiceEvaluationTeaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryKey Characteristics of Direct Instruction 6Teacher centralityTask orientationPositive experienceStudent cooperation and accountabilityNonnegative effectsEstablished structureTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory1

NTI Course 32NTI Course 32Demonstration Defined“A demonstration is an actual instructor orstudent performance using real tools, machines,equipment, and materials that is intended toshow learners what they are to do by actuallyperforming the skills or operations andexplaining what learners will need to do in stepby-step fashion.”Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory7NTI Course 32When to Use a DemonstrationThe demonstration is the instructional methodof choice when one wants to show someone: How to perform a task or function How a piece of machinery or equipmentoperates How a principle or theory works in practice8Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryNTI Course 32Tips for Preparing for DemonstrationsTips for Demonstrating Set up and rehearse demonstrations inadvance Develop an operation sheet or use thatportion of the lesson plan that contains thesteps of procedure to ensure that all steps arepresented in proper sequence Prepare all tools, machines, equipment,materials, and facility in advance Limit demonstrations to the number ofstudents that can see what is beingdemonstrated Arrange learners so that they can see the workfrom the same position as they will normallybe working when possible9Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryNTI Course 3210Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryNTI Course 32Tips for Demonstrating (cont.)Tips for Demonstrating (cont.) Perform steps of procedure at normal speedat first, then repeat the same steps at a slowerspeed Give only technical or essential informationneeded to describe why or what is beingdemonstrated Use questions as the demonstration advancesto check for understanding Demonstrate good craftsmanship and the safeway of doing something well Be sure to explain each step with key points toremember and emphasize any safety cautions Be sure that eye protection and protectiveclothing is worn by everyone if power tools,equipment, and chemicals are used in thedemonstration11Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory12Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory2

NTI Course 32NTI Course 32Tips for Making and EndingWork AssignmentsTips for Following Up Demonstrations Ask for student volunteers to demonstrateback what was just shown and ask otherstudents to help him or her follow the correctsteps of procedure Summarize what has just been demonstratedand give out operation sheets, project sheets,or assignment sheets to help studentsperform what was demonstratedTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory13NTI Course 32 Assign students in small groups or individualstudents to perform the tasks or operationsthat were demonstrated using operationsheets and job sheets to guide performance14NTI Course 32Tips for Making and EndingWork Assignments (cont.) Supervise students closely as they use tools,machines, and equipment Require students to clean up their work areaand put away tools, materials, and incompleteprojects Summarize your observations of studentprogress on practice tasksTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory15NTI Course 32Preparing for the PresentationInstructors need to prepare themselves andlearners for the presentation by: Preparing a detailed manipulative lesson plan Preparing learners by asking probingquestions16Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryNTI Course 32Communicating Objective andLearning ActivitiesPreparing for the Presentation (cont.) Providing learners with the “big picture” andthe importance of performing this task on thejob Asking them questions about transfer oflearning17Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryTeaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryInstructors must set the stage for learning by: Communicating the lesson objectives Communicating the learning activities Providing statements of encouragement andsupport18Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory3

NTI Course 32NTI Course 32Communicating Objective andLearning Activities (cont.) Positioning learners so they can observedemonstrated steps of procedure Controlling any distractions or unnecessarynoiseTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory19NTI Course 32Presenting the LessonInstructors need to follow certain presentationsteps by: Thinking about the background and skills oflearners Beginning lesson by telling learners what willbe demonstrated and whyTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory20NTI Course 32Presenting the Lesson (cont.) Asking learners to pay close attention to eachstep and be prepared to ask and answerquestions following the demonstration Presenting steps of the demonstration andexplaining what is being demonstrated Checking for understanding along the waywith questionsTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory21NTI Course 32Demonstration Follow-UpInstructors need to follow up the presentationby: Reviewing the steps of proceduredemonstrated Asking questions about procedural stepsNTI Course 32Demonstration Follow-Up (cont.) Demonstrating again steps that are unclear Asking questions that will facilitate transfer23Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory22Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryLearner Application and PracticeAs soon as possible, instructors need to havestudents practice what they observed by: Assigning students to a schedule of practice Having students describe the steps they planto follow before allowing them to begin thetask24Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory4

NTI Course 32NTI Course 32Checking/Evaluating StudentTask PerformanceLearner Application and Practice (cont.) Observing the task performance and givingencouragement and feedback Making final comments about performanceemphasizing the good and encouragingfurther practice where needed25Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryNTI Course 32When the student has practiced the task and isready for a performance check, instructors needto arrange for evaluation by: Asking the student to self-evaluate his/herperformance using a rubric Asking the student to describe his/her findingon the self-evaluationTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory26NTI Course 32Checking/Evaluating StudentTask Performance (cont.)Feedback Defined Evaluating the student’s task performanceusing the same rubric as the student used Going over rubric rating giving specificfeedback followed by word of encouragementand challenge Asking student to reflect on this taskperformance27Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryNTI Course 32Feedback is information that providesindividuals with direct, usable insights intocurrent performance, based on tangibledifferences between their current performanceand the performance hoped for.NTI Course 32Feedback FunctionsEffective feedback serves two major functionswith learners. It informs them about the quality andaccuracy of their performance in comparisonto expectations or standards It helps them learn how to monitor andimprove their learning to meet standards29Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory28Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryCharacteristics of Effective Feedback 30Relates performance to standardsIndicates progressIndicates corrective actionIs given frequentlyTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory5

NTI Course 32NTI Course 32Characteristics of EffectiveFeedback (cont.) Is given immediately Is specific and descriptive Focuses on errors and correcting errorsTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory31NTI Course 32Characteristics of Reinforcement/Praise Is specificIs spontaneousRelates to standardsFocuses on attributesShows progress32Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryNTI Course 32Definition of ScaffoldingIndependent Study“Scaffolding is an instructional modificationtechnique that provides additional structure andassistance to a learner who is struggling with alearning task.”Independent study is defined as “any assignedactivities that students do more or less alone.”Independent study can occur during the regularlaboratory period, or it can be in the form ofhomework.Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory33NTI Course 3234NTI Course 32Delivery Steps forIndependent Study (cont.)Delivery Steps for Independent Study Attract student attention in some creativemanner Inform students of the rationale for theassignment (why it is important) Relate the assignment to previous instructionand to upcoming instruction and laboratorypractice35Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory Make sure that learners know exactly whatthey are to do and how to begin work Inform students about resources available tohelp them with their assignment and howthey can get help when needed36Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory6

NTI Course 32NTI Course 32Delivery Steps forIndependent Study (cont.) Make sure that students know what to do nextwhen they finish an assignment Move about the laboratory to monitor studentprogress and interact with learners whenneeded. Maintain a sense of "withitness."Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory37NTI Course 32Delivery Steps forIndependent Study (cont.) Diagnose student problems and provideassistance while still maintaining visualcontact and attention with other students Maintain a good learning environment byenforcing independent study rules, such asrefraining from talking to others and stayingbusy at the workstation38Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryNTI Course 32Tips for Closing Independent StudyTips for ClosingIndependent Study (cont.) Collect assignments by asking students toplace their work in a designated location, suchas an assignment box, expandable folder, orhanging file folder in a portable file box Assess student work in a timely fashion usingmodels and rubrics with specific criteriaidentified to maintain objectivity Provide specific feedback so that studentsknow their errors and can correct them When handing back scored independent studyassignments, interact with students andencourage them to correct any errors. Give aportion of the points lost on the assignmentback when students correct errors.Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory39NTI Course 3240NTI Course 32Instructional StrategySelection QuestionsDefinition of Instructional StrategiesAn instructional strategy is any teachingmaneuver used to facilitate student learning andsatisfaction. Other terms for instructionalstrategies include: Instructional alternatives Instructional methods Instructional techniques41Teaching and Managing in a Technical LaboratoryTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory Will the instructional strategy I select fit mysubject matter and/or assignments? Will the strategy fit my students? Do I know how to use this strategysuccessfully? Do I have the time, environment, equipment,and supplies required for this strategy?42Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory7

NTI Course 32NTI Course 32Session #4 ObjectivesAt the completion of this session, you will be able to:1. Recognize inappropriate behavior and assiststudents in regaining control2. Identify major components of the laboratory safetyprogram3. Identify occupational hazards in the laboratoryTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory1NTI Course 32Session #4 Objectives (cont.)4. Conduct safety inspections of the laboratory5. Develop emergency and first aid procedures6. Identify possible causes of tort liabilityTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory2NTI Course 32Preventive Discipline Get to know your students’ names andcapabilities as soon as possible Establish a spirit of mutual respect, trust, andcooperation with students Establish and fairly enforce a few basiclaboratory rulesTeaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory3NTI Course 32Preventive Discipline (cont.) Communicate to students your expectationsand give them responsibilities Maintain a well-organized and managedlaboratory Emphasize the development of self-controlNTI Course 32Common InappropriateBehaviors (cont.)Common Inappropriate Behaviors 5Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory4Failing to arrive to class on timeLeaving class earlyFalling asleep during instructionAlcohol or drug abuseArguing w

Electrical Training ALLIANCE National Training Institute NTI Course 32 2 Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory Session 2 Session 3 Session 4 Session 5 Session 1 Session 6 . 1 NTI Course 32 1 Teaching and Managing in a Technical Laboratory Instructor's Name and Title