Transcription
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.International Arctic Buoy Programme Data Report1 January 2003 – 31 December 2003by Mark Ortmeyer and Ignatius RigorTechnical MemorandumAPL-UW TM 2-04June 2004Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington1013 NE 40th StreetSeattle, Washington 98105-6698ONR Contract N00014-98-1-0698
- -5 - International ArcticArctic BuoyBuoy ProgrammeProgramme 20032003
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.International Arctic Buoy Programme Data Report1 January 2003 – 31 December 2003by Mark Ortmeyer and Ignatius RigorTechnical MemorandumAPL-UW TM 2-04June 2004Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington1013 NE 40th StreetSeattle, Washington 98105-6698ONR Contract N00014-98-1-0698
ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe International Arctic Buoy Programme (IABP) is self-sustaining, supported bycontributions in the form of equipment, services (such as communication, deployment,archiving, scientific, and technical advice), coordination, and money. The United StatesInteragency Arctic Buoy Programme (USIABP), among its several contributions to theIABP, funds the position of IABP Coordinator. The authors are grateful to LCDR DougLamb of the U.S. Navy/NOAA National Ice Center for continued support of the datahandling portion of the IABP. Preparation of this report and archiving of the data werefunded through ONR contract N00014-98-1-0698.Participants of the International Arctic Buoy ProgrammeAlfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine ResearchArctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Russian Federal Serviceof Hydrometeorology and Environmental MonitoringChristian Michelsen ResearchInternational Arctic Research CenterJapan Marine Science and Technology CenterMarine Environmental Data ServiceMeteorological Service of Environment Canada, assisted byother agencies including Polar Continental ShelfProject, Canadian Coast Guard, Canadian Forces, andInstitute of Ocean SciencesNational Ice Center, representing the National Aeronautics andSpace Administration, National ScienceFoundation, National Oceanic and AtmosphericAdministration, and Office of Naval ResearchNaval Meteorology and Oceanography CommandNaval Oceanographic OfficeNorsk PolarinstituttNorwegian Meteorological InstitutePacific Marine Environmental LaboratoryPolar Science Center, Applied Physics Laboratory, University ofWashingtonService ArgosU.K. Meteorological OfficeU.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering LaboratoryWoods Hole Oceanographic Institutionii --- -4GermanyRussiaNorwayUSA / rance, USAUKUSAUSA
World Climate Research Programme of the WorldMeteorological Organization, IntergovernmentalOceanographic Commission, InternationalCouncil of Scientific Unions-- iii-3--International
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TABLE OF CONTENTSI.Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1II.Deployment Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1III.Buoy Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2A Argos Experiment Numbers and Program Contacts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4B. GTS Headers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7C. Buoy Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7IV.Data Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8V.Available Data Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8A. Data Set AB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9B. Data Set C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9C. Data Set D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10VI.Tabular Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12VII.Graphical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124VIII.Average Pressure Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186Appendix: Buoy Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194- v-1- -
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I.IntroductionA network of automatic data buoys to monitor synoptic-scale fields of pressure,temperature, and ice motion throughout the Arctic Basin was recommended by theU.S. National Academy of Sciences in 1974. Based on the Academy’srecommendation, the Arctic Ocean Buoy Programme was established by the PolarScience Center, University of Washington, in 1978 to support the Global WeatherExperiment. Operations began in early 1979, and the program continued through1990 under funding from various agencies. In 1991, the Arctic Ocean BuoyProgramme was succeeded by the International Arctic Buoy Programme (IABP),but the basic objective remains — to establish and maintain a network of driftingbuoys in the Arctic Ocean with which to provide data needed for real-timeoperations and meteorological and oceanographic research.The IABP is funded and managed by participants of the program, includingoperational and research agencies, meteorological and oceanographic institutes,and government and nongovernmental organizations. The participants representeight countries and one international agency.This report is the twenty-third in a series of data reports beginning in 1979; itcovers the period from 1 January 2003 through 31 December 2003.II.Deployment ScheduleBuoys that continued to operate in 2003 and their year of deployment are asfollows:1998:1999:2000:2001:2002:24161222, 3311, 208585311, 15524, 20857, 24289, 26999,2419, 3693, 5300, 8063, 19577, 19578, 19579, 24294, 274141907, 1908, 5302, 9120, 9834, 18922, 20726, 21078, 22204,22207, 24293, 25499, 26211, 26694, 26695, 26697Buoys deployed in 2003 are as follows:March:April:August:1097, 3335, 20601, 20626, 20627, 20751, 20755, 20756,20811, 20835, 208429114, 9115, 21076, 21077, 22206, 24226, 24227, 298923690, 3981, 3982, 5312*, 9357, 23676, 23678-1-
September:5314, 7950, 10120, 10810, 15453, 24290, 26699, 27035,27036, 27037, 40297, 40298, 40299, 40300*: ICEX buoy 5312 failed upon deploymentIII. Buoy InformationExpr ArgosNumber ID636 1097484 122229 1907314 19081053 24161053 2419919 3311636 3335314 3690314 36931053 39811053 3982627 5300627 5302627 5311627 53141923 7950919 8063695 9114695 9115695 9120919 9357919 9834919 10120919 1081020016 1545329 1552420026 189221053 195771053 195781053 195791053 20601636 20626636 20627636 20726GTS VX01-RJTDSSVX12-KARSSSVX12-KARSSSVX12-KARSDateWMO Data P T Buoy TypeDeployedID BytesMar 0316 AWIAug 99 48601 17 ICEX - AIRAug 02 25521 21 ICEX-AIRAug 02 48542 21 ICEX-AIRApr 98 47523 32 ZENO-3200May 01 48589 32 CES - Zeno Ice BuoyAug 99 25569 21 ICEX-AIRMar 0316 AWIAug 03 48548 21 ICEX-AIRAug 01 48092 21 ICEX-AIRAug 03 48544 21 ICEX-AIRAug 03 48545 21 ICEX-AIRAug 01 48539 21 ICEX-AIRAug 02 48532 21 ICEX-AIRAug 00 48535 21 ICEX-AIRSep 03 48521 21 ECSep 03 48531 32 IMBAug 01 25571 21 ICEX-AIRApr 0332PMELApr 0332PMELApr 0232PMELAug 03 25522 21 ICEX-AIRAug 02 25572 21 ICEX-AIRAug 03 25523 32 AWIAug 03 25524 32 AWISep 03 48615 19 JCADAug 00 48537 21 ICEX-AIRAug 02 48612 19 JCADAug 01 48582 21 ICEX-AIRAug 01 48583 21 ICEX-AIRAug 01 48584 21 ICEX-AIRMar 034 AWIMar 034 AWIMar 034 AWIMar 034 AWI-2-
636 20751636 20755636 20756636 20811636 20835636 20842695 207261053 208571053 20858210762107721078695 22204695 22206695 222071053 236761053 236781053 242261053 242271053 2428920557 242901053 242931053 2429420016 25499282 262111053 266941053 266951053 2669720557 26699282 26999282 27035282 27036282 27037484 2741420016 298922668 402972668 402982668 402992668 X12-KARSSSVX12-KARSSSVX12-KARSSSVX12-KARSMar 03Mar 03Mar 03Mar 03Mar 03Mar 03Apr 02Aug 00Aug 99Apr 03Apr 03Apr 03Apr 02Apr 03Apr 02Aug 03Aug 03Apr 03Apr 03Aug 00Sep 03Apr 02Apr 01Apr 02Aug 02Aug 02Aug 02Apr 02Sep 03Sep 00Sep 03Sep 03Sep 03Aug 01Apr 03Sep 03Sep 03Sep 03Sep 1212 AWIAWIAWIAWIAWIAWIPMELICEX-AIRICEX - AIRPMELPMELPMELPMELPMELPMELICEX-AIRICEX-AIRCES - Zeno Ice BuoyCES - Zeno Ice BuoyICEX-AIRIMBCES - Zeno Ice BuoyICEX-AIRJCADICEX-AIRICEX-AIRICEX-AIRCES - Zeno Ice BuoyIMBNAVO/AARIAARI/NAVOAARI/NAVOAARI/NAVOICEX - AIRJCADWHOIWHOIWHOIWHOI
A.Argos Experiment Numbers and Program ContactsExpr. No.:PGC:Telephone:Telefax:Expr. No.:PGC:Telephone:Expr. No.:PGC:Telephone:Telefax:Expr. No.:PGC:Telephone:Telefax:29Torgny VinjeChristian Michelsen Research InstituteFantoftvn 38P.O. Box 6031 PostterminalenN-5892, BergenNorway( 47) 2 12 36 50( 47) 2 12 38 54282Dominic Avery, NS3Naval Oceanographic Office1002 Balch BoulevardStennis Space Center, MS 39522-5001U.S.A.(228) 688-4354314Knut BjorheimNorwegian Meteorological InstitutePost Box 320 BlindernN-0313 OsloNorway( 47) 2 60 50 90( 47) 2 69 25 15484Lars GolmenChristian Michelsen Research InstituteFantoftvn 38P.O. Box 6031 PostterminalenN-5892, BergenNorway( 47) 55 32 56 40( 47) 55 32 88 83-4-
Expr. No.:PGCTelephone:Telefax:Expr. No.:PGC:Telephone:Telefax:Expr. No.:PGC:Telephone:Telefax:Expr. No.:PGC:557Ignatius RigorPolar Science CenterApplied Physics LaboratoryUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, WA 98105-6698U.S.A.(206) 543-6613(206) 616-3142627A. L. LukaweskyArctic Weather CentreEnvironment CanadaTwin Atria Bldg. 2nd Floor4999 98 AvenueEdmonton, Alberta T6B 2X3Canada(403) 951-8814(403) 468-7950636Burghard BruemmerMeteologisches InstituteUniversity of HamburgBundesstr. 5520146 HamburgGermany( 49) 40 42838 5083( 49) 40 42838 5452695James OverlandPacific Marine Environmental LaboratoryNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration7600 Sand Point Way NEC15700-5-
Telephone:Expr. No.:PGC:Telephone:Telefax:Expr. No.:PGC:Telephone:Telefax:Expr. No.:PGC:Telephone:Telefax:Expr. No.:PGC:Telephone:Telefax:Seattle, WA 98115-0070U.S.A.(206) 526-6795919Christian HaasAlfred Wegener Institute for Polarand Marine ResearchPostfach 120161, D-27515 BremerhavenGermany( 49) 471 4831 794( 49) 471 4831 7971016T. NakanishiJapan Marine Science and Technology CenterOcean Research Department2-15, NatsushimaYokosuka 237-0061Japan(0468) 66-3811(0468) 65-32021053 & 9053LCDR Doug LambNational Ice CenterFOB#4 Room 23014251 Suitland RoadWashington, DC 20395-5180U.S.A.(301) 457 5314 X 301(301) 457 53001923Jackie Richter-MengeU.S. Army - CRREL72 Lyme RoadHanover, NH 03755-1290(603) 646-4266(603) 646-4644-6-
IV.Expr. No.:PGC:Telephone:Telefax:B.20036K. HatakeyamaJapan Marine Science and Technology CenterOcean Research Department2-15, NatsushimaYokosuka 237-0061Japan(0468) 66-3811(0468) 65-3202GTS HeadersThe buoy data are distributed in real time on Global TelecommunicationsSystem (GTS) circuits using the WMO buoy format under the followingGTS headers:1. SSVX07 LFPW - Arctic buoy data from French (Service Argos) GlobalProcessing Center.2. SSVX12 KARS - Arctic buoy data from U.S. (Service Argos) GlobalProcessing Center.3. SSVX16 KARS - U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO)Arctic buoy data from the U. S. (Service Argos) Global ProcessingCenter.4. SSVX18 KWBC - U.S. National Ice Center Arctic buoy data insertedby the U.S. National Weather Service.5. SSVX02 CWEG - Arctic buoy data from the Edmonton Local UserTerminal.6. SSVX01 LFPW - Arctic buoy data from French (Service Argos) GlobalProcessing Center.7. SSVX04 KARS - Arctic buoy data from U.S. (Service Argos) GlobalProcessing Center.C.Buoy TypesPlease refer to Appendix: Buoy Diagrams.-7-
III.IV.Data ProcessingData for this report were processed as outlined in the 1986 data report with theexception that we have reverted to 3-hour interpolation of sea-level pressure and airtemperature. The average daily temperature was calculated from these eightmeasurements; an asterisk in the tabular data indicates that one or more of thesemeasurements were not available.V.Available Data SetsThe data sets begin with 0000 GMT, 1 January 2003, and end with 1200 GMT,31 December 2003.These data sets are available over the World Wide Web from the internet hosthttp://iabp.apl.washington.edu, are archived at the World Data Center A:Glaciology, and can be obtained via anonymous FTP. Inquiries should be sent to thefollowing address:National Snow and Ice Data CenterCIRES, Campus Box 449University of ColoradoBoulder, Colorado 80309 U.S.A.Telephone (303) 492-5171-8-
A.Data Set ABTwelve-hour pressure and temperature fields. These data can be readwith the following FORTRAN statements:INTEGERREALREAD1 FORMATLYLMLDLHLATLONGPTEPETB.LAT, LD, LH, LONG, LM, LY, PX, PXX, PXY, PY, PYYEP, ET, P, T(,1) LY, LM, LD, LH, LAT, LONG, P, T, EP, ET, PX, PY, PXX,PXY, PYY(4I3, I4, I5, F8.1, F7.1, 2F5.1, 2I5, 3I6)is the year.is the month; 1 for January, 2 for February, etc.is the day of the month.is the hour in GMT; LH 0 or 12.is the latitude in degrees north.is the longitude in degrees east.is the interpolated pressure in millibars.is the interpolated temperature in degrees Celsiusaveraged from LH - 12 to LH 12 hours.is the interpolation error variance in millibars squared.is the interpolation error variance in degrees Celsiussquared.PX, PYare the pressure derivatives times 103 in the x and yPXX, PXY,directions. PX and PY have units of millibars per 103kilometers.are the interpolated second derivatives of pressure timesPYY106. Their units are millibars per 106 kilometers.Data Set CTwelve-hour buoy positions. These data can be read with the followingFORTRAN statements:INTEGERREALID, LD, LH, LM, LYLAT, LONGREAD(,1) LY, LM, LD, LH, ID, LAT, LONG-9-
C.1 FORMAT(4I3, I6, F7.3, F9.3)LYLMLDLHLATIDLONGis the year.is the month; 1 for January, 2 for February, etc.is the day of the month.is the hour in GMT; LH 0 or 12.is the latitude in degrees north.is the buoy identification.is the longitude in degrees east.Data Set DInterpolated ice velocity fields. This data set contains ice velocityestimates at a fixed grid of points. The data can be read with theseFORTRAN statements:INTEGERREALLAT, LD, LH, LM, LONG, LYDUDX, DUDY, DVDX, DVDY, SIGMA2, UX, UYREAD(,1) LY, LM, LD, LH, LAT, LONG, UX, UY, SIGMA2, DUDX,DUDY, DVDX, DVDY(4I3, I4, I5, 2F7.1, F5.1, 4F8.2)1 FORMATLYLMLDLHLATLONGUXUYSIGMA2is the year.is the month; 1 for January, 2 for February, etc.is the day of the month.is the hour in GMT; LH 0 or 12.is the latitude in degrees north.is the longitude in degrees east.is the interpolated ice velocity in the x direction incentimeters per second.is the interpolated ice velocity in the y direction incentimeters per second.is the variance of the interpolation error in velocity, indimensionless units. No confidence should beplaced in interpolated velocities for whichSIGMA2 0.5.- 10 -
DUDX, DUDY,are interpolated velocity derivatives expressed inDVDX, DVDYCartesian coordinates. After multiplication by 10-7 thereported values have units of seconds-1.Note on Coordinates: The pressure and velocity derivatives are expressed withrespect to a rectangular coordinate system with the origin at the North Pole, thex axis coinciding with the Greenwich meridian, and the y axis with the 90 Emeridian. The transformation from latitude and longitude to x and y is as follows:x 110.949 (90 - lat) cos (long)y 110.949 (90 - lat) sin (long)where x and y are in kilometers and latitude and longitude are in degrees.The authors can be contacted at the address below:University of WashingtonPolar Science CenterApplied Physics Laboratory1013 N.E. 40th StreetSeattle, WA 98105 U.S.A.Telephone (206) 543-1300- 11 -
VI.Tabular DataThe tables give daily data for each buoy identified by its ARGOS number. The dataare interpolated values for location and pressure at 1200 GMT. The temperature isaveraged over the eight synoptic intervals to eliminate diurnal variation. An asteriskindicates that one or more of the temperatures during that day were not known.- 12 -
BUOY 1097BUOY( 1097)2003 1415161718LAT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air 7-19.6-20.7-14.8-6.1-6.4-6.6-13.9-14.0-12.7-7.7- 13 -
BUOY 1222BUOY( 1222)2003 728293031BUOY( 1222)2003 232425262728293031LAT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air 2-23.6-22.8-28.0-26.7-31.0LAT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air 33.6-29.9-28.5-26.3-25.3-24.9BUOY( 1222)2003 BUOY( 1222)2003 9110111112113114115116117118119120- 14 30LAT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air 2-36.1LAT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air 13.8
BUOY 1222BUOY( 1222)2003 UOY( 1222)2003 AT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air 3.8-2.7LAT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air .00.3-0.10.0BUOY( 1222)2003 89101112131415161718192021222324252627282930BUOY( 1222)2003 8229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243- 15 3031LAT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air .82.45.0LAT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air 1.70.5-0.9-2.2-3.9-4.9-4.4-3.9-1.3
BUOY 1222BUOY( 1222)2003 89101112131415161718192021222324252627282930BUOY( 1222)2003 LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air -9.3-13.5*-6.8-7.0-5.7LAT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air .8BUOY( 1222)2003 UOY( 1222)2003 Dec335336337338339340341342343344345356357- 16 -12345678910112223LAT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air .3-16.7-15.3-21.5-27.0-16.5LAT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air -26.4-31.9-28.9-21.3-20.6
BUOY 1301BUOY( 1301)2003 Sep245257258265266267268269214152223242526BUOY( 1301)2003 Nov317318330331332333131426272829LAT(N)LON( 41-27.197LAT(N)LON( 0.759-31.810-31.971-32.345-32.594SLP(MB)Air T(C)BUOY( 1301)2003 Oct286287288289290293294SLP(MB)Air T(C)13141516172021BUOY( 1301)2003 Dec342343351352353354359362- 17 -89171819202528LAT(N)LON( N)LON( 57-31.960SLP(MB)Air T(C)SLP(MB)Air T(C)
BUOY 1907BUOY( 1907)2003 93031BUOY( 1907)2003 2728293031LAT(N)LON( E,-W)SLP(MB)Air 1035.21023.01018.61
The buoy data are distributed in real time on Global Telecommunications System (GTS) circuits using the WMO buoy format under the following GTS headers: 1. SSVX07 LFPW - Arctic buoy data from French (Service Argos) Global Processing Center. 2. SSVX12 KARS - Arctic buoy data from U.S. (Service Argos) Global Processing Center. 3.
