Transcription
Pigging for Corrosion Control& Program DevelopmentLloyd PirtleSales Manager,Integrity ServicesTDW Services, Inc.
Bio - Lloyd PirtleTitle: Sales Manager, Integrity Services Dept, PIPSDivisionTexas A & M Graduate, Bachelor of Science – 1982Operations, Sale Management & Field Sales in thePiping Systems industry since 1986. Experience ion, Water/Wastewater, Nuclear & Fossil Power,Chemical & Petrochemical & Industrial. 10 years - valvemanufacturer and 15 years - TD Williamson in variouscapacities including product and service technicalsupport as well as operations. Six of the last elevenyears as part of TDW’s Pipeline Integrity Products &Services Division.
OutlineOutlineWhat is Pipeline Pigging ?Pig TypesWhy Pig ?Pig EnhancementsBasicsCleaning OptionsSystemsBenefits of Line CleaningPipeline Contents AnalysisWaste DisposalObjectivesSystem ParametersPipeline DesignReferences & Training
What is Pipeline Pigging ?Methodology developed decades ago whichincorporates inserting a device of some type intoa pipeline segment with the intended objectivefitting into one of the following categories. Pipeline Cleaning Product Batching Product Displacement Pipeline Inspection
Why Pig ? Cleaning Corrosion Control - removal of undesirable materials Improve operating efficiency - savings in pump or compressor fuel Batching Product separation – Fuels, crudes, etc Slugging Operations – Cleaning, Biocides, Inhibitors, etc Displacement Commissioning/Decommissioning Conversions Inspection Tools Geometry, Metal Loss, Cracks, Mapping
Benefits of Maintenance Pigginga) Increases & Maintainsc) Removes unwanted orcorrosive materialsThroughput/Efficiency H2Ob) Prepares Pipeline for In-Line CO2Inspection O2 Prevents Tool Damage Salts & Acids Collection of Critical Data Rust & Scale Hydrogen Sulfide Reduces Project Cost Black Powder Miscellaneous* NORMS, PCB’s, other liquids,sand, etc
Start at the BeginningAlways Ask yourself the following QuestionsIs the line piggable in its current condition ?What is my objective ?How much system pressure should be available to pig ?How much Differential should I use ?How much Back Pressure do I Need ?What is the line flow ?What is the best pig velocity in this application ?Does the media make a difference relative to processes ?Will temperature affect pigging effectiveness ?What pig or pigs should I use ?
TDW Pipeline ServicesTDW Pipeline Cleaning QuestionnaireRequest-A-Quote FormTDW Services, Inc.To help us better serve you, please complete the form and return to TDW Services.Date: January 2007Form No: PC 2/02Supersedes: y:Phone:Fax:E-Mail:Required InformationProject Description:Design Code:Product in Service:31.431.8Gas, Oil, etc.New Pipeline:YesDOT.192DOT.195Other:Chemical Analysis Available:NoExisting Pipeline:YesNoYesNoChange of Service:YesNoHow long has the pipeline been in service ?Project Location:Onshore:Pipeline Size:Pipe Length:Valve Type:Number of Valves:KaliperTM Inspection Required:Operating Temp:Wall Thickness(es):YesOperating Press:NoOffshore:Min.Max.Side Connectors:Minimum Bend Radius (indicate radius & degree of bend):Launcher/Receiver Installed:YesNoPipeline Profile Avail.:YesLauncher Receiver Dimensions:Total Length (Feet/Inches):Drain Line Size:Oversize Barrel Length:Work Area Footprint:Nominal Pipe Size Length:Kicker Line Size:Filling out data sheets is a critical step in the planning process andmust be thoroughly filled out if good results are expectedNo
“The Perfect Pipeline” is Perfectly StraightPerfectly RoundA Constant Inside DiameterSmooth on the Inside SurfaceVoid of Internal CoatingsVoid of Weld PenetrationVoid of Chill RingsVoid of Tees/LateralsVoid of ValvesPumping a light grade oil at a speed of 3ft/second Unfortunately, it doesn’t exist
Pipeline PreparationDesign ConsiderationsPipeline Dimensions – Length, wt, pipe IDPipeline Materials – Coatings, 70’s ERW, SeamlessBends – Miters, Short or Long Radius, Factory or FieldReducers – Concentric/EccentricTees – Sizes, Flows, Barred/UnbarredStopple Fittings/Tees – Piggable Plugs installedValves – Appropriate designLaunchers/Receivers – Manufactured per design specs
How Often Should You Pig ?Always Ask yourself the following QuestionsHow much Liquid (gals/bls) are you removing from a pipelinesegment ? e.g. (condensates, Glycol, water, comp oil)How much particulate are you removing from filters on the pipelinesegment ? e.g. (sand, silt, ferrous materials, paraffin)How corrosive is the specific pipeline segment environment ? e.g.(bacteria, water, O2)What is the dewpoint specification in the gas stream of the pipelinesegment in question ?How much corrosion already exists in the pipeline segment ?
Progressive PiggingIs the most effective pigging processThe more unknowns that exist in a pipeline segment, the lessintrusive the initial pig run should be – start gently & graduate toincreasingly more aggressive pigs. Example1) Light Foam Pigs (2# Foam)2) Foam Pig (5 to 9# Foam)3) Foam Pig with Bristles4) All Urethane Bodied Pigs5) Steel bodied Mandrel Pig W/ Blades6) Steel bodied Mandrel Pig W/ Brushes7) Train Pig W/ Cups, Discs, Blades, Brushes, Magnets, etc8) Dummy Pig w/ Magnets9) ILI Tools10) Inhibitor Pigging11) Biocide treatment
Some Geometry Tools Can Verify Line Condition!
DetectablePipeline Features––––––BendsValvesWall thickness changesTeesTapsGirth Welds- Dents- Ovalities- Other- Misalignments- Mitre Bends- Wrinkles/BucklesFor Example:
Pigging Products Pig Tracking & Locating Systems Launchers/Receivers/Pigging Systems Closures – Threaded & Clamp Ring Pigs – Cleaning, Dewatering, Drying Mechanical/Non-Intrusive Pig Signals
Types of Pigs
Select A Pig For Cleaning Applications The best choice is a pig with discs, conical cups,brushes and bypass ports Discs are effective at pushing out solids while alsoproviding good support for the pig. Conical cups provide excellent sealing characteristics,good support and long wear. Spring mounted brushes provide continuous forcefulscraping for removal of rust, scale and other build-upson the pipe wall. Bypass ports allow some of the flow to bypass throughthe pig and helps minimize solids build-up in front of thepig. Also used for slowing the speed of the pig down.
Pipeline Cleaning Choices Dry Mechanical Pigging* Caution – Debris can ignite on contact w/ O2 – Black Powder Difficult to remove some debris (especially fine particles) Various pigs, Tubs, Drums, Filters Detergent Enhanced Pigging More effective at removing solids Water or Diesel as Base solution Wet film left behind Offline Virtually complete control of pig velocity Can make more pig runs Cash Register off Online Convenience of being On-stream In Gas, requires separation Cash Register Running Pig Velocity Control ?
Line Cleanliness is CriticalMFL Tools are the best & most expensive cleaning pigsavailable. Sensor “Lift Off” will reduce the intensity ofthe magnetic signal and will affect data quality.You don’t want MFL Tools to be a Cleaning Pig!
Typical results of using mechanical brushcleaning pigs for removal of black powder
Effective results of using cleaning fluidsand brush pigs with RealSeal Cups.
Pipeline CleaningMagnetic Cleaning Pig forFerrous Materials Debris such as welding rods,bolts, tools, etc., is very difficultto remove with conventionalpigs as the pigs typically pushthese objects for some distanceand then ride over them. The removal of this type ofdebris is a must beforeattempting to run CorrosionInspection Pigs.
Pig TrainIdeal for Aggressive Cleaning
Dummy / Magnet Tool(Gauging Plate incorporated)Ideal for pre-Inline Inspection or veryAggressive Cleaning
Unique Pig EnhancementsPigs can typically be configuredto accommodate back to backlaterals by lengthening the pigto avoid modification of thelaterals
Bypass Ports can beVery Effective
Inhibitor Spray Pig
How are dependable cleaningresults achieved ? Teamwork - Pipeline Operator working togetherto achieve success from start to finish Preparation (system preparation, cleaning,geometry, pressures, flows, etc) Selection and execution of appropriate tools Implement appropriate action based on findings Documented results
Summary Many pipelines can be made piggable with readilyavailable components System information is critical when preparing for InLine Inspection or any other assessment method. Pipeline Cleaning is a critical part of improvingefficiency & preventing corrosion Tools Have Strengths & Limitations.apply the right tool for the right job.We need to
Training SchoolsSGA / BattelleClarion Pipeline Pigging CourseTDW Pigging SchoolNACE InternationalOklahoma University Corrosion Course
Published ReferencesGulf Publishing CompanyPipeline Pigging TechnologyPipe Line Rules of Thumb HandbookPigging Products & Services AssociationGuide to Pigging
Questions ?
Clarion Pipeline Pigging Course TDW Pigging School NACE International Oklahoma University Corrosion Course. Published References Gulf Publishing Company Pipeline Pigging Technology Pipe Line Rules of Thumb Handbook Pigging Products & Services Association Guide to Pigging. Questions ? Title: You
