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Technical Topic WebinarDownload Webinar Recording HereGas Turbines – What Does the Future Hold?Thursday 7 October Technical Topic WebinarPresented ByDr. Lucas Skoufa EIT Lecturer & Turbine EngineerCRICOS Provider Number: 03567C Higher Education Provider Number: 14008 RTO Provider Number: 51971

About EITWe are dedicated to ensuring that you receive aworld-class education and gain skills that you canimmediately implement in the workforce.World-Class Australia Accredited EducationOur vocational programs and higher education degrees areregistered and accredited by the Australian Government. Wehave programs that are also recognized under threeinternational engineering accords.Engineering SpecialistsIndustry Experienced LecturersEIT is one of the only institutes in the world specializing inEngineering. We deliver professional certificates, diplomas,advanced diplomas, undergraduate and graduate certificates,bachelor’s and master’s degrees, and a Doctor of Engineering.Our lecturers are highly experienced engineers and subjectspecialists with applied knowledge. The technologies employedby EIT, both online and on-campus, enable us to source ourlecturers from a large, global pool of expertise.Unique Delivery ModelIndustry Oriented ProgramsOur programs are designed by industry experts, ensuring yougraduate with cutting-edge skills that are valued by employers.Our program content remains current with rapidly changingtechnology and industry developments.We deliver our programs via a unique methodology that makesuse of live and interactive webinars, an international pool ofexpert lecturers, dedicated learning support officers, and stateof-the-art technologies such as hands-on workshops, remotelaboratories, and simulation software.CRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Introduction - PresenterLucas Skoufa has a varied background across military (naval), power generation anduniversity roles. Lucas’s current role as a Turbine Engineer is with Rio Tinto, he isalso a Lecturer with EIT (MME508). Prior to this position he was a Lecturer andResearcher in Power Generation and Carbon Management at The University ofQueensland’s Business School. Lucas has also worked at power stations as turbineengineer. He is serving as an Active Reservist (Marine Engineering Officer) in theRoyal Australian Navy.He has completed a PhD on the strategic behaviours of electricity generation firms,and also has a Master of Business Administration, a Bachelor of Business(Economics) and a Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical).Dr. Lucas SkoufaCRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Agenda1Welcome & Introduction2Gas Turbines – Brief History and their Uses3Is Hydrogen the Answer?4The Outlook for Gas Turbines5Conclusion and Q&ACRICOS Provider Number: 03567C Higher Education Provider Number: 14008 RTO Provider Number: 51971

Background Turbojet / Turbofan engines for civilian andmilitary aircraft ( 80% of the market) Installed for propulsion plants in:– Naval Warships– M-1 tanks Power generation and industrial applicationsCRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Aircraft Gas Turbines – Principles of FlightCRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

A Brief HistorySource: Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles and Practices, Giampaolo, A., 2012CRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

A Brief HistorySource: Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles and Practices, Giampaolo, A., 2012CRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Sir Frank WhittleCRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Early Industrial Uses In 1905, Brown Boveri built thefirst gas turbine and compressorunit.It provided 5,300 kilowatts. In 1959, Cooper Bessemer installed theworld’s first base-load aeroderivativeindustrial gas turbine, the FT3.The unit generated 10,500 brakehorsepower (BHP).In 1981, that unit had accumulated over100,000 operating hours.Source: Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles and Practices, Giampaolo, A., 2012CRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Gas Turbine – 4 Parts to the CycleCRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Gas Turbine – 4 Parts to the CycleCRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Gas Turbines – Power Generation and IndustrialGas turbines classified into five broad groups:1.2.3.4.5.Frame type heavy-duty gas turbinesAircraft-derivative gas turbinesIndustrial type-gas turbinesSmall gas turbinesMicro-turbinesCRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Marine ConfigurationsCRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Gas Turbine ComponentsLucas Skoufa, Senior Asset EngineerNOTE: This presentation and original work and the material used is from my professional library.CRICOS Provider Number: 03567C Higher Education Provider Number: 14008 RTO Provider Number: 51971

Technical ImprovementsThree factors significantly contributed to the growth of gas turbines in recent years.1. Metallurgical advances2. The cumulative background of aerodynamic and thermodynamic knowledge3. The utilisation of computer technology in design and simulations This has led to improvements in compressor design, combustor design, turbinedesign and overall performance. Gas turbines now function satisfactorily on gasified coal, wood, syngas, crude oil Computers govern operations, report on the unit’s health (diagnostics), and predictfuture failures (prognostics).CRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Gas Turbine MaterialsFiring temperature increase with blade material improvementSource: Gas Turbine Engineering Handbook, Boyce M., 2012CRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Challenges for Existing Power Generation TechnologiesCRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Energy Demands over the Whole Life-Cycle Affordable Electricity (Cost) Secure and ReliableElectricity (24/7 Capacity) Zero / low-carbon electricity(Carbon)‘An Energy Trilemma that cannot be reconciled simultaneously ’– Michael Pollitt, 2014CRICOS Provider Number: 03567C Higher Education Provider Number: 14008 RTO Provider Number: 51971

Everyone has a View – who is Correct?CRICOS Provider Number: 03567C Higher Education Provider Number: 14008 RTO Provider Number: 51971

Your View of the Energy Future, please enter in ChatCRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Decarbonisation – H2CRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

A Quick PollPoll: Is Hydrogen the answer to low-emission gas turbine powerplants?CRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Producing HydrogenCRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

Hydrogen as a GT FuelCRICOS Provider Number: 03567C Higher Education Provider Number: 14008 RTO Provider Number: 51971

Hydrogen as a GT FuelChallenges of Hydrogen1) Heating Valuea) On a volume basis H2 is 1/3 less dense than CH4 (larger pipelines)2) Flame Speeda) H2 has a much faster flames than other fuels (combustor design)3) Safetya) H2 is hard to see as a flameb) It can diffuse through seals much easier than other gases / airc) It is more flammable than CH4d) Hazardous RatingsNOTE! Gas Turbine burning 100%(by volume) H2 sees a 99% relativereduction in CO2 emissionscompared to burning CH4CRICOS Provider Number: 03567C Higher Education Provider Number: 14008 RTO Provider Number: 51971

Hydrogen as a GT FuelCRICOS Provider Number: 03567C Higher Education Provider Number: 14008 RTO Provider Number: 51971

Gas Turbines for Power Generation to 2029CRICOS Provider Number: 03567C Higher Education Provider Number: 14008 RTO Provider Number: 51971

Aviation InitiativesCRICOS Provider Number: 03567C Higher Education Provider Number: 14008 RTO Provider Number: 51971

The People, Skills CRICOS Provider Number: 03567C Higher Education Provider Number: 14008 RTO Provider Number: 51971

SummaryCRICOS Provider Number: 03567C Higher Education Provider Number: 14008 RTO Provider Number: 51971

Reference listAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), 2021, Bright Fortunes, Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 143, No. 4, June / JulyBoyce, M.P., 2012, Gas Turbine Engineering, 4th Edition, Butterworth-Heineman, Waltham, MassachusettsCan Gulen, S., 2019, Gas Turbines for Electric Power Generation, Cambridge University Press, CambridgeEIT, 2021, MME508 – Industrial Gas Turbines, Lecture NotesGoldmeer, J. (GE Power), 2019, Power to Gas: Hydrogen for Power Generation, GEA33681Giampaolo, A., 2012, Gas Turbine Handbook: Principles and Practices, 4th Edition, The Fairmont Press, USAMiller and Spoolman, 2009, Living in the Environment, Cengage Learning, USASoares, C., 2015, Gas Turbines: A Handbook of Air, Land and Sea Applications, 2nd Edition, Butterworth-Heineman, OxfordTurbomachinery, 2020 - 2021, Turbomachinery International MagazineWinchester, S., 2018, Precision and Peril, Six Miles High in Exactly: How Precision Engineers Created the Modern World, William Collins,LondonWood, T. and Ha, J., 2021, Go for Net Zero – A practical plan for reliable, affordable, low-emissions electricity, Grattan Institute, Report2021-02, AprilCRICOSCRICOS ProviderProvider Number:Number: 03567C03567C HigherHigher EducationEducation ProviderProvider Number:Number: 1400814008 RTORTO ProviderProvider Number:Number: 5197151971

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