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Internetworking Any internetwork must include the following:Consistent end-to-end addressingAddresses that represent network topologiesBest path selectionDynamic or static routingSwitching 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.5

Leased Line Leased lines are not only used to provide directpoint-to-point connections between EnterpriseLANS, they can also be used to connectindividual branches to a packet switchednetwork. 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.34

Frame Relay Most Frame Relay connections are based on PVCs ratherthan SVCs. It implements no error or flow control. This leads toreduced latency. Frame Relay provides permanent shared mediumbandwidth connectivity that carries both voice and datatraffic. 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.36

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is atechnology capable of transferring voice, video,and data through private and public networks. It is built on a cell based architecture rather thanon a frame-based architecture. 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.37

DSL DSL uses existing twisted-pair telephone lines totransport high-bandwidth data DSL service is considered broadband, as it usesmultiple frequencies within the same physicalmedium to transmit data 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.38

ADSL TechnologySplitter The local loop connects the splitter to the DSLAM DSLAM connected to ISP using ATM technology Voice and data use separate frequency ranges(voice 0-4Khz, data 20Khx – 1Mhz) 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.39

Three-Layer Design Model The links connecting the various sites in anarea that provide access to the enterprisenetwork are called the access links oraccess layer of the WAN. Traffic between areas is distributed by thedistribution links, and is moved onto thecore links for transfer to other regions,when necessary. 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.46

Advantages of the Hierarchical Approach Scalability: networks can grow without sacrificingcontrol or manageability Ease of Implementation: clear functionality at eachlayer Ease of troubleshooting: Isolation of problems in thenetwork is easier Predicatability network modelling and caapacityplannng easier Protocol Support: mixing current and futureapplications and protocols is easier Manageability: all the above improve themanageability of the network 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.47

Using the Internet as an Enterprise WAN Enterprise WANs will haveconnections to the Internet. This poses security problems but also provides analternative for inter-branch traffic. VPN technologies can solve security issues 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.50

ADSL Technology Splitter The local loop connects the splitter to the DSLAM DSLAM connected to ISP using ATM technology Voice and data use separate frequency ranges (voice 0-4Khz, data 20Khx –