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vamps fm[fof] final pass2/2/0910:06 AMPage iThe Encyclopedia ofVAMPIRES, WEREWOLVES,and OTHER MONSTERS

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The Encyclopedia ofVAMPIRES, WEREWOLVES,and OTHER MONSTERSRosemary Ellen GuileyFOREWORD BYJeanne Keyes Youngson,President and Founder of the Vampire Empire

The Encyclopedia of Vampires, Werewolves, and Other MonstersCopyright 2005 by Visionary Living, Inc.All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage orretrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact:Facts On File, Inc.132 West 31st StreetNew York NY 10001Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataGuiley, Rosemary.The encyclopedia of vampires, werewolves, and other monsters / Rosemary Ellen Guiley.p. cm.Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 0-8160-4684-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-4381-3001-9 (e-book)1. Vampires—Encyclopedias. 2. Werewolves—Encyclopedias. 3. Monsters—Encyclopedias. I. Title.BF1556.G86 2004133.4’23—dc222003026592Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities forbusinesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Departmentin New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755.You can find Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.factsonfile.comPrinted in the United States of AmericaVB FOF 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1This book is printed on acid-free paper.Photo on previous page: A vampire bat looms above a wrought iron gate in Père-Lachaise Cemetery.(Author’s collection)

vamps fm[fof] final pass2/2/0910:06 AMPage vFor David and Janet Hale

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2/2/0910:06 AMPage viiCONTENTSssvamps fm[fof] final passFOREWORD ixACKNOWLEDGMENTS xiINTRODUCTION xiiiENTRIES A– Z 1BIBLIOGRAPHY 339INDEX 345

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vamps fm[fof] final pass2/2/0910:06 AMPage ixssFOREWORDby Jeanne Keyes Youngson, Ph.D.Founder of the Vampire Empirewonderful stories about ballet. He was a real delight and amost appreciative audience for the movies Bob took suchgreat care to choose.The Count Dracula Fan Club was an immediate success, and word about the society spread like wildfire. Wesoon had a long mailing list for our newsletter and almostfrom the beginning I heard from people who asked allkinds of questions about vampires, wanted to tell me theythought they had become a vampire, or wanted to knowhow they could become one. Sometimes they wanted me toset them up with other blood-drinkers—as though theclub was some sort of dating service. One woman wantedto marry a vampire and start her own dynasty! The lettersstill come in, many of them these days from prison inmateswho are desperate for pen pals. And two men on death rowinquired about becoming vampires so that they could liveon as undeads following execution.I started collecting Dracula, vampire, and horror memorabilia in 1965 and continued amassing a huge collection,which, I hoped, I could incorporate into a museum whenthe time was right (1990, as it turned out).In 1974 Robert died suddenly and unexpectedly. Actorfriends in London offered me their flat, and I jumped at theopportunity to live abroad. I had their apartment on PallMall for four years and later sublet a house in Cambridge,England, for four more years. I commuted between theUnited States and England during this time, which meant Icould have two active club headquarters, one in the Statesand one in Britain—the best of all possible worlds.One of the first things I did once I got to London wasjoin the British Dracula Society, and in 1974 I accompaniedthem on their first trip to Romania. The journey was, in away, a turning point in my life, when I realized that my society had far more potential than I had originally thought.Shortly thereafter I gave up filmmaking and turned mycomplete attention to running the Count Dracula Fan Club.Of all the creatures in our mythologies and demonologies,the vampire reigns as the most fascinating. Most peopleknowledgeable about vampires do not start out with theintention of becoming experts. The vampire does, however, have a way of getting into your bloodstream andstaying there. At least that is what happened to me manyyears ago.I did not just wake up one morning and decide to startthe world’s first Dracula fan club. It happened over a periodof time—and it certainly has been an incredible journey.This is how it happened: In the early 1960s, I was ananimation filmmaker living in New York City with my husband, Robert Youngson, who had won two Oscars for hisfilms The World of Kids and This Mechanical Age. We weremovie mavens and went as often as time permitted. Thosewere the days of Brides of Dracula, Horror of Dracula, andDracula, Prince of Darkness, which I was particularly drawnto, perhaps because I had loved Stoker’s Dracula so much.In 1965 I went on my first trip to Romania and learnedfirsthand about the Wallachian voivode, Vlad Tepes. Theguide talked about this national hero nonstop and I, ofcourse, remembered Harry Ludlam mentioning him in ABiography of Dracula: The Life Story of Bram Stoker. I suppose the combination of these factors was what started methinking about starting a Dracula society—which I did assoon as I got back to New York. The original Count Dracula Fan Club was born on June 25, 1965, and, as it turnedout, more people than I realized were as interested in thePrince of Darkness as I was.Robert had a large office at 1 Fifth Avenue, and we hada lot of movie get-togethers where we showed films on his16-mm projector. One of our regular guests was EdwardGorey, who later did the sets and costumes for John Badham’s Dracula, starring Frank Langella. Gorey always cameladen with gifts and balloons, sometimes with a bag of hislatest books. Both Robert and I loved his wry humor andix

vamps fm[fof] final passx2/2/0910:06 AMPage xThe Encyclopedia of Vampires, Werewolves, and Other MonstersThrough the years, I expanded the society, adding newdivisions, which served several niche interests. I gave interviews, spoke at conferences, and fielded innumerable mediarequests. The public’s appetite for vampires became as insatiable as the vampires’ own blood lust. By 2000, it was obvious that the Count Dracula Fan Club had grown beyondStoker’s Count and far beyond being “just” a fan club. Vampires and Dracula had hit the big time in all respects andhad become a potent force in entertainment, literature andthe performing arts, and as pop icons. I renamed the societythe Vampire Empire at the turn of this century, a title Ithought more befitting our extensive modus operandi.Along the way, I have had the privilege of travelingaround the world, and I have met many terrific people,some of whom have become important parts of the VampireEmpire and the entire vampire field as well as close personalfriends. One of these persons is Rosemary Ellen Guiley.I met Rosemary in 1989, when she contacted me for herfirst book on vampires, Vampires Among Us. Having workedwith many writers and reporters, I was most impressed withRosemary’s knowledge, professionalism, and thoroughnessin research. Vampires Among Us became a must-read forvampire fans, and I have no doubt that this encyclopediawill be met with the same enthusiasm. Rosemary has compiled an encyclopedia of astonishing scope and depth, fromlittle-known folklore to arts and entertainment, to roleplaying in social cultures. Simply put, the book is fascinating and fun. No matter where you open it, you will findsomething amazing. It is also a substantial compendium ofinformation, an indispensable and very accessible tool foranyone who undertakes research on vampires and werewolves, whether for academic study, for books and articles,or for novels and entertainment.There is always something new to learn about the vampire and his cousin, the werewolf. The Encyclopedia of Vampires, Werewolves, and Other Monsters is a top pick, animportant contribution to this ever-growing field.

2/2/0910:06 AMPage xiACKNOWLEDGMENTSssvamps fm[fof] final passI am indebted to the help, knowledge, and advice ofnumerous experts and scholars in the study of vampires,Dracula, Bram Stoker, and werewolves. Among them areElizabeth Miller, arguably the foremost scholar on Stokerand Dracula; David J. Skal, film critic; Les Daniels, authorand expert on horror and fantasy comics; Robert EighteenBisang and Margaret L. Carter, literary experts and critics;and numerous others whose works were especially helpful,among them Clive Leatherdale, Harry Ludlam, J. GordonMelton, Brad Steiger, and Martin V. Riccardo.Once again I am pleased to include the fabulous art ofmy longtime friend and collaborator, Robert Michael Place,who contributed several images from his outstanding Vampire Tarot. Bob’s art appears in several of my encyclopedias:The Encyclopedia of Ghosts and Spirits; The Encyclopedia ofAngels; The Encyclopedia of Saints, and also The Atlas of theMysterious in North America, The Complete Vampire Companion, and The Mystical Tarot. We collaborated on twoTarot sets, The Alchemical Tarot and The Angels Tarot.I would also like to thank Linda S. Godfrey for herexcellent drawing of the Beast of Bray Road and Bruce andTina Haines for their photo of the impressive Mothmansculpture, provided courtesy of Rick Fisher of the Paranormal Society of Pennsylvania.I am deeply grateful to Jeanne Keyes Youngson, my dearfriend and the founder of the Vampire Empire (formerly theCount Dracula Fan Club), for her generous help in providing information and numerous pieces of art and for writingthe foreword. Many hours were spent in the VampireEmpire archives and library. I met Jeannie in the late 1980s,when I started work on my first book on vampires, VampiresAmong Us. Her contributions to the field and her knowledge are substantial.I am also deeply grateful to my dear friend and longtimecollaborator, Joanne P. Austin, for her considerable help onthe Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Bram Stoker, and Anne Riceentries. Joanne also had a hand in my Complete VampireCompanion, long out of print now, from which some of thematerial in this encyclopedia has been adapted and updated.Special thanks go to David and Janet Hale, friends fromDark Shadows, to whom this book is dedicated. When oneof my cherished autographed, out-of-print, and scarce DarkShadows books went missing at a conference, David andJanet set off on an international cyber-hunt to track down areplacement copy, finally landing one in Australia. And notonly that, they arranged for the Dark Shadows stars to autograph it, making it nearly identical—and even better—thanthe one I lost. Thanks to Jim Pierson, director of the DarkShadows Festival, for his help on making the arrangements.xi

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