WIXLIB

TIASTANDARDANSI/TIA-942-2005Approved: April 12, 2005Telecommunications InfrastructureStandard for Data CentersTIA-942April 2005TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONRepresenting the telecommunications industry inassociation with the Electronic Industries Alliance

NOTICETIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest througheliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitatinginterchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting andobtaining with minimum delay the proper product for their particular need. The existence ofsuch Standards and Publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member ofTIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications.Neither shall the existence of such Standards and Publications preclude their voluntary use byNon-TIA members, either domestically or internationally.Standards and Publications are adopted by TIA in accordance with the American NationalStandards Institute (ANSI) patent policy. By such action, TIA does not assume any liability toany patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standard orPublication.This Standard does not purport to address all safety problems associated with its use or allapplicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations before its use.(From Standards Proposal No. 3-0092-C-1, formulated under the cognizance of the TIATR-42.1, Subcommittee on Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling).Published byTELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONStandards and Technology Department2500 Wilson BoulevardArlington, VA 22201 U.S.A.PRICE: Please refer to current Catalog ofTIA TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION STANDARDSAND ENGINEERING PUBLICATIONSor call Global Engineering Documents, USA and Canada(1-800-854-7179) International (303-397-7956)or search online at http://www.tiaonline.org/standards/search n order.cfmAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.

NOTICE OF COPYRIGHTThis document is copyrighted by the TIA.Reproduction of these documents either in hard copy or soft copy (includingposting on the web) is prohibited without copyright permission. For copyrightpermission to reproduce portions of this document, please contact TIA StandardsDepartment or go to the TIA website (www.tiaonline.org) for details on how to requestpermission. Details are located at:http://www.tiaonline.org/about/faqDetail.cfm?id 18ORTelecommunications Industry AssociationStandards & Technology Department2500 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 300Arlington, VA 22201 USA 1(703)907-7700Organizations may obtain permission to reproduce a limited number of copies byentering into a license agreement. For information, contact:Global Engineering Documents15 Inverness Way EastEnglewood, CO 80112-5704 or callU.S.A. and Canada (1-800-854-7179)International (303) 397-7956

NOTICE OF DISCLAIMER AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITYThe document to which this Notice is affixed (the “Document”) has been prepared by one or more EngineeringCommittees or Formulating Groups of the Telecommunications Industry Association (“TIA”). TIA is not the author of theDocument contents, but publishes and claims copyright to the Document pursuant to licenses and permission granted by theauthors of the contents.TIA Engineering Committees and Formulating Groups are expected to conduct their affairs in accordance with theTIA Engineering Manual (“Manual”), the current and predecessor versions of which are available ng manual.cfm. TIA’s function is to administer the process, but not thecontent, of document preparation in accordance with the Manual and, when appropriate, the policies and procedures of theAmerican National Standards Institute (“ANSI”). TIA does not evaluate, test, verify or investigate the information,accuracy, soundness, or credibility of the contents of the Document. In publishing the Document, TIA disclaims anyundertaking to perform any duty owed to or for anyone.If the Document is identified or marked as a project number (PN) document, or as a standards proposal (SP)document, persons or parties reading or in any way interested in the Document are cautioned that: (a) the Document is aproposal; (b) there is no assurance that the Document will be approved by any Committee of TIA or any other body in itspresent or any other form; (c) the Document may be amended, modified or changed in the standards development or anyediting process.The use or practice of contents of this Document may involve the use of intellectual property rights (“IPR”),including pending or issued patents, or copyrights, owned by one or more parties. TIA makes no search or investigation forIPR. When IPR consisting of patents and published pending patent applications are claimed and called to TIA’s attention, astatement from the holder thereof is requested, all in accordance with the Manual. TIA takes no position with reference to,and disclaims any obligation to investigate or inquire into, the scope or validity of any claims of IPR. TIA will neither be aparty to discussions of any licensing terms or conditions, which are instead left to the parties involved, nor will TIA opineor judge whether proposed licensing terms or conditions are reasonable or non-discriminatory. TIA does not warrant orrepresent that procedures or practices suggested or provided in the Manual have been complied with as respects theDocument or its contents.TIA does not enforce or monitor compliance with the contents of the Document. TIA does not certify, inspect, test orotherwise investigate products, designs or services or any claims of compliance with the contents of the Document.ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARE DISCLAIMED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANYAND ALL WARRANTIES CONCERNING THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS, ITS FITNESS ORAPPROPRIATENESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, ITS MERCHANTABILITY AND ITS NONINFRINGEMENT OF ANY THIRD PARTY’S INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. TIA EXPRESSLYDISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS AND MAKES NOREPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES REGARDING THE CONTENT’S COMPLIANCE WITH ANYAPPLICABLE STATUTE, RULE OR REGULATION, OR THE SAFETY OR HEALTH EFFECTS OF THECONTENTS OR ANY PRODUCT OR SERVICE REFERRED TO IN THE DOCUMENT OR PRODUCED ORRENDERED TO COMPLY WITH THE CONTENTS.TIA SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY AND ALL DAMAGES, DIRECT OR INDIRECT, ARISING FROM ORRELATING TO ANY USE OF THE CONTENTS CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATIONANY AND ALL INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING DAMAGESFOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, LITIGATION, OR THE LIKE), WHETHER BASED UPON BREACHOF CONTRACT, BREACH OF WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OROTHERWISE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THE FOREGOING NEGATIONOF DAMAGES IS A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF THE USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESECONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS.

TIA–942Telecommunications Infrastructure Standardfor Data CentersTable of ContentsFOREWORD . 81SCOPE . 121.11.22DEFINITION OF TERMS, ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS, AND UNITS OFMEASURE . 132.12.22.32.43General. 13Definition of terms . 13Acronyms and abbreviations. 17Units of measure . 19DATA CENTER DESIGN OVERVIEW. 203.13.23.33.44General. 20Relationship of data center spaces to other building spaces. 20Tiering . 21Consideration for involvement of professionals . 21DATA CENTER CABLING SYSTEM INFRASTRUCTURE . 224.15General. 12Normative references. 12The basic elements of the data center cabling system structure. 22DATA CENTER TELECOMMUNICATIONS SPACES AND RELATED TOPOLOGIES . 235.1General. 235.2Data center structure. 235.2.1Major elements . 235.2.2Typical data center topology. 245.2.3Reduced data center topologies . 245.2.4Distributed data center topologies . 255.3Computer room requirements . 265.3.1General . 265.3.2Location . 275.3.3Access . 275.3.4Architectural design . 75.3.4.85.3.4.95.3.55.3.5.15.3.5.2Size .27Guidelines for other equipment .27Ceiling height .27Treatment.27Lighting.28Doors .28Floor loading .28Signage .28Seismic considerations .28Environmental design . 28Contaminants .28HVAC .291

TIA-9425.3.5.2.1 Continuous operation .295.3.5.2.2 Standby operation .295.3.5.3 Operational parameters .295.3.5.4 Batteries .295.3.5.5 Vibration .295.3.65.3.6.15.3.6.25.3.6.3Electrical design. 30Power .30Standby power .30Bonding and grounding (earthing).305.3.7Fire protection . 305.3.8Water infiltration . 305.4Entrance room requirements. 305.4.1General . 305.4.2Location . 315.4.3Quantity. 315.4.4Access . 315.4.5Entrance conduit routing under access floor . 315.4.6Access provider and service provider spaces . 315.4.7Building entrance terminal . 325.4.7.15.4.8General .32Architectural design . 325.4.8.1 General .325.4.8.2 Size .325.4.8.3 Plywood backboards .335.4.8.4 Ceiling height .335.4.8.5 Treatment.335.4.8.6 Lighting.335.4.8.7 Doors .335.4.8.8 Signage .335.4.8.9 Seismic considerations .335.4.8.10HVAC .345.4.8.10.1 Continuous operation .345.4.8.10.2 Standby operation .345.4.8.11Operational parameters.345.4.8.12Power .345.4.8.13Standby Power .355.4.8.14Bonding and grounding .355.4.9Fire protection . 355.4.10 Water infiltration . 355.5Main distribution area. 355.5.1General . 355.5.2Location . 355.5.3Facility requirements. 355.6Horizontal distribution area . 365.6.1General . 365.6.2Location . 365.6.3Facility requirements. 365.7Zone distribution area . 365.8Equipment distribution areas . 375.9Telecommunications room . 375.10 Data center support areas. 375.11 Racks and cabinets. 375.11.1 General . 375.11.2 "Hot" and "cold" aisles . 385.11.3 Equipment placement . 385.11.4 Placement relative to floor tile grid. 395.11.5 Access floor tile cuts . 395.11.6 Installation of racks on access floors . 392

TIA–9425.11.7Specifications. 5.11.7.75.11.7.8Clearances .39Cabinet ventilation.40Cabinet and rack height .40Cabinet depth and width.40Adjustable rails .40Rack and cabinet finishes .41Power strips .41Additional cabinet and rack specifications.415.11.8 Racks and cabinets in entrance room, main distribution areas and horizontaldistribution areas . 416DATA CENTER CABLING SYSTEMS . 436.1General. 436.2Horizontal Cabling. 436.2.1General . 436.2.2Topology . 446.2.3Horizontal cabling distances . 446.2.3.1Maximum lengths for copper cabling.456.2.4Recognized media . 456.3Backbone cabling. 466.3.1General . 466.3.2Topology . 476.3.2.16.3.2.2Star topology .47Accommodation of non-star configurations .476.3.3Redundant cabling topologies . 476.3.4Recognized media . 486.3.5Backbone cabling distances . 486.4Choosing media . 496.5Centralized optical fiber cabling . 506.5.1Introduction . 506.5.2Guidelines . 506.6Cabling transmission performance and test requirements . 517DATA CENTER CABLING PATHWAYS . 527.1General. 527.2Security for data center cabling . 527.3Separation of power and telecommunications cables . 527.3.1Separation between electrical power and twisted-pair cables. 527.3.2Practices to accommodate power separation requirements. 537.3.3Separation of fiber and copper cabling . 547.4Telecommunications entrance pathways. 547.4.1Entrance pathway types . 547.4.2Diversity . 547.4.3Sizing . 547.5Access floor systems . 547.5.1General . 547.5.2Cable trays for telecommunications cabling . 557.5.3Access floor performance requirements . 557.5.4Floor tile cut edging. 557.5.5Cable types under access floors. 557.6Overhead cable trays . 567.6.1General . 567.6.2Cable tray support. 567.6.3Coordination of cable tray routes. 568DATA CENTER REDUNDANCY . 573