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STANDARDS, THEORIES & PRACTICESECONDEDITIONDOUGLAS J. FIOREOrganized around the ISLLC standards, this text introduces students tothe concepts and theories of educational leadership. The new edition addscoverage of such topics as data usage, ethics, innovative hiring practices,and student discipline. Appearing in the second edition are chapter-endingsections called “Point-Counterpoint” which prompt readers to examinetheir own beliefs regarding the material presented in the chapter.Also available from Eye On EducationSchool Leader Internship:Developing, Monitoring, and EvaluatingYour Leadership Experience, Second EditionMartin, Wright, Danzig, Flanary, and BrownSchool-Community Relations, Second EditionDouglas J. FioreMoney and Schools, Fourth EditionThompson, Wood, and CramptonIntroduction to Educational Leadership andOrganizational Behavior: Theory Into Practice,Second EditionPatti L. ChanceApplying Servant Leadershipin Today’s SchoolsMary K. CulverHuman Resources Administration:A School-Based Perspective, Fourth EditionRichard E. Smithintroduction toeducational administrationintroduction toeducational administrationintroduction toeducational administrationSTANDARDS, THEORIES & PRACTICESECONDEDITIONFIOREISBN-13:6 Depot Way WestLarchmont, NY 10538(888) 299-5350 phone(914) 833-0761 faxwww.eyeoneducation.com978-1-59667-119-59 781596 671195Eye OnEducationDOUGLAS J. FIORE

Introductionto EducationalAdministrationStandards, Theories,and PracticeSecond EditionDouglas J. Fiore, Ph.D.Virginia State UniversityIntroduction to Educational Administration: Standards, Theories and Practice (2nd Edition) by Douglas J. Fiore, Ph.D. 2009.Eye On Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without written permission from Publisher.

EYE ON EDUCATION6 DEPOT WAY WEST, SUITE 106LARCHMONT, NY 10538(914) 833–0551(914) 833–0761 faxwww.eyeoneducation.comCopyright 2009 Eye On Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.For information about permission to reproduce selections from thisbook, write: Eye On Education, Permissions Dept., Suite 106, 6 DepotWay West, Larchmont, NY 10538.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataFiore, Douglas J., 1966–Introduction to educational administration : standards, theories, andpractice / Douglas J. Fiore. — 2nd ed.p. cm.ISBN 978-1-59667-119-51. School management and organization—United States. 2. Educationalleadership—United States. 3. Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium. I. Title.LB2805.F474 2009371.2—dc22200805557510 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1Introduction to Educational Administration: Standards, Theories and Practice (2nd Edition) by Douglas J. Fiore, Ph.D. 2009.Eye On Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without written permission from Publisher.

Also Available fromEYE ON EDUCATIONSchool-Community Relations, Second EditionDouglas J. FioreSchool Leader Internship: Developing, Monitoring, andEvaluating Your Leadership Experience, Second EditionMartin, Wright, Danzig, Flanary, and BrownMoney and Schools, Fourth EditionDavid C. Thompson, R. Craig Wood, and Faith E. CramptonHuman Resources Administration:A School-Based Perspective, Fourth EditionRichard E. SmithIntroduction to Educational Leadership andOrganizational Behavior: Theory into Practice, Second EditionPatti L. ChanceApplying Servant Leadership in Today’s SchoolsMary K. CulverTransforming School Leadership with ISLLC and ELCCNeil J. Shipman, J. Allen Queen, and Henry A. PeelInstructional Supervision:Applying Tools and Concepts, Second EditionSally J. ZepedaThe Principal as Instructional Leader:A Handbook for Supervisors, Second EditionSally J. ZepedaThe Administrator’s Guide to SchoolCommunity Relations, Second EditionGeorge E. PawlasCountdown to the Principalship:A Resource Guide for Beginning PrincipalsO’Rourke, Provenzano, Bellamy, and BallekWhat Great Principals Do Differently:15 Things That Matter MostTodd WhitakerIntroduction to Educational Administration: Standards, Theories and Practice (2nd Edition) by Douglas J. Fiore, Ph.D. 2009.Eye On Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without written permission from Publisher.

AcknowledgementsThis book would not have been possible without the assistance and supportof many people. First among them are the members of my immediate family. ToLisa, Meagan, Amy, and Katherine, I give my heartfelt thanks. You have excusedme from my duties as husband and father during periods in which I just had towrite. Everyday, you give me the love, support, and appreciation that make mewho I am. I may write for a larger audience, but I live for you.Thanks to the graduate students with whom I have worked over the years.Your insights teach me more than I teach you. Through your work and your reactions, I better learn how to present material in a manner that can help you doyour work. Particular thanks to Cohort V in Virginia State University’s Doctor ofEducation program. I rest easy knowing that the future of education is in yourhands.Robert N. Sickles, publisher and president of Eye On Education, deservesthanks for putting up with a writer’s moods. Through thick and thin, Bob hasmaintained his integrity and his will to produce the highest quality books.Thanks is also due to those who read and commented on early versions ofthis manuscript:Stella C. Batagiannis, Indiana University-Purdue University, Fort WayneMichael P. Caruso, Loyola Marymount UniversityJohn Daresh, University of Texas at El PasoBonnie Fusarelli, North Carolina State UniversityPaul Gallagher, University of South FloridaMark Mitchell, Winthrop UniversityAndrew Pushchak, Edinboro UniversityPeter J. Smith, University of Nebraska, OmahaJim Upperman, George Mason UniversityFinally, I thank the educational system for teaching me through research,writing, and example. Both experts cited in this book and experts who have notbeen mentioned have contributed to developing an educational system that issecond to none. I wrote this book while standing on the shoulders of the manygreat educators who continue to do the good and noble work of educating allwho will listen. ivIntroduction to Educational Administration: Standards, Theories and Practice (2nd Edition) by Douglas J. Fiore, Ph.D. 2009.Eye On Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without written permission from Publisher.

About the AuthorDr. Douglas J. Fiore has served in many roles in public education over thepast 21 years. After serving as a classroom teacher and then principal in severalschools, Doug worked in a leadership position with the Virginia Department ofEducation, and he has been a faculty member at universities in Georgia and inVirginia. Currently, Doug is a faculty member in the Doctor of Education Program at Virginia State University. Doug is the sole author or co-author of several books, including School Community Relations, Dealing with Difficult Parents:And with Parents in Difficult Situations, Creating Connections for Better Schools: HowLeaders Enhance School Culture, and 6 Types of Teachers: Recruiting, Retaining, andMentoring the Best. He has also written several educational articles, served as aconsultant to many school districts, and he is a frequent presenter at nationaland international conferences for teachers and administrators.Doug and his wife Lisa live in Midlothian, Virginia, with their three daughters, Meagan, Amy, and Katherine. vIntroduction to Educational Administration: Standards, Theories and Practice (2nd Edition) by Douglas J. Fiore, Ph.D. 2009.Eye On Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without written permission from Publisher.

Free Downloads forProfessors and StudentsA selection of the figures and tools in this book are also available on EyeOn Education’s website as Adobe Acrobat files. Permission has been granted tostudents who have purchased this book—and to professors who have assignedit to their students—to download these figures and print them. Many of thesefigures are suitable for conversion to overhead transparencies. Other figures aretools that can be applied in real school settings.You can access these downloads by visiting Eye On Education’s website:www.eyeoneducation.com. Click on FREE Downloads or search or browse ourwebsite to find this book and then scroll down for downloading instructions.You’ll need your book-buyer access code: FRE-7119-5Figure 1.1 Leadership Style Approaches.page 15Figure 1.2 Ohio State Leadership studies Results.page 17Figure 2.1 The Managerial Grid.page 27Figure 2.3 Situational leadership Model.page 32Figure 3.2 Balancing Curriculum, Instruction, and Assessment.page 56Figure 4.1 Maslow’s Need Hierarchy.page 69Figure 4.3 Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory.page 76Figure 4.4 Sample Needs Assessment.page 78Figure 5.1 Iceberg Analogy.page 90Figure 5.2 Friday Focus.page 98Figure 6.2 Getzels-Guba Model of Behavior in Social Systems.page 124Figure 7.3 Designing a Crisis Management Plan.page 156Figure 8.1 Characteristics of Groupthink.page 184Figure 9.2 Assistance in Dealing with Difficult Parents.page 204Figure 9.4 Newsworthy Events Reporting Form.page 210Figure 10.2 Four Elements of Expectancy Theory.page 242Figure 11.1 Hierarchy of Legal Authority.page 261Figure 12.1 Questions Answered by Demographic Data.page 286Appendix: Educational Leadership Standards and SuccessfulPractices of School Principals.page 298 viIntroduction to Educational Administration: Standards, Theories and Practice (2nd Edition) by Douglas J. Fiore, Ph.D. 2009.Eye On Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without written permission from Publisher.

ContentsAcknowledgements. ivAbout the Author. vFree Downloads forProfessors and Students. viPreface. xvWhy ISLLC?.xviOrganizational Features of This Book.xviiiStandard One.11 Leading in the Contemporary School Setting.5Think About It. 5Theory X. 7Theory Y. 8Transformational Leadership. 9Transactional Leadership. 10Five Types of Power.11The Iowa Studies. 14The Ohio State Studies. 16Summary. 18Point-Counterpoint. 19Point. 19Counterpoint. 19Questions. 19Chapter Highlights. 20Application Questions. 21Field Activity. 21Have You Thought About It?. 222 Leading Others Through a Common Purpose. 23Think About It. 23Creating a Common Purpose for Schooling. 26Four Frames of Leadership and Management. 30Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership. 31Applying Theory to ISLLC Standard 1. 35Summary. 37Chapter Highlights.

DOUGLAS J. FIORE SECOND EDITION introduction to educational administration Eye On Education 6 Depot Way West Larchmont, NY 10538 (888) 299-5350 phone (914) 833-0761 fax www.eyeoneducation.com 9 781596671195 ISBN-13: 978-1-59667-119-5 FIORE introduction to educational administration standards, tHeories & Practice DOUGLAS J. FIORE Organized around the