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2020SUSTAINABILITYREPORT
About this reportThe 2020 Sustainability Report has been prepared according to the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)Standards: Core Option and aligns with the United Nations Global Compact. Indexes for both areincluded in the Appendix. We also use internationally recognized guidelines and frameworks, such asthe United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), to inform our reporting. As a values-basedR&D-driven biopharmaceutical leader, our biggest contribution is toward Goal 3: Ensure healthy livesand promote well-being for all at all ages.The Report includes the operations of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited and consolidatedsubsidiaries of Takeda. The reporting period covers FY2019 (April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020). SomeFY2020 activities are included. Selected performance indicators in the report have been assured byKPMG AZSA Sustainability Co., Ltd. See page 100 for the independent assurance report. We welcomeyour comments and questions about our sustainability activities at sustainablevalue@takeda.com.For more information, visit www.takeda.com.At Takeda, we are committed to creatingvalue for society by putting our corestrengths and capabilities to work tohelp solve key societal challenges byaddressing unmet medical needs,supporting sustainable health caresystems, by mitigating climate changeand striving to create a diverse andinclusive organization where people canthrive. With our purpose, vision andvalues as a foundation — and throughthe collective efforts of each and everyone of our approximately 50,000employees — we call this approachpurpose-led sustainability.Table of Governance &Fundamentals ofResponsible BusinessAppendix2020 Sustainability Report1
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION“ Better Healthfor People,Brighter Futurefor the World”CEO MessageTakeda is a values-based company. It has been sinceit was founded in 1781 by Chobei Takeda, an herbalistwho sold traditional Japanese and Chinese medicinesin Osaka, Japan. Chobei was an Omi Shonin, one of agroup of merchants who distinguished themselvesthrough their adherence to Sanpo-Yoshi, a businessprinciple that literally translates as “three-waysatisfaction.” For the Omi, the three guiding principleswere good for the seller (urite yoshi), good for thebuyer (kaite yoshi) and good for society (seken yoshi).These guiding principles lead to the values of Integrity,Fairness, Honesty and Perseverance that make upwhat we call “Takeda-ism.” Today, we are a globalcompany with approximately 50,000 colleaguesin about 80 countries. We bring Takeda-ism to lifethrough actions based on Patient-Trust-ReputationBusiness, in that order, to form a philosophy that’singrained in our ways of working. And as an R&Ddriven company, these values align perfectly with ourcommitment to discover and deliver life-transformingtreatments for patients.Most pharmaceutical companies put patients at thecenter of their thinking. It’s what makes our industryspecial. What sets Takeda apart is how we makebusiness decisions. We prioritize Patient needs first,then ask ourselves if this decision builds Trust withsociety, which in turn strengthens our Reputation.If the answer is “yes,” then Business performancewill follow.Our values guide not only what we do, but how wedo it. It’s about creating lasting value for society —we think as much about the next decade as wedo the next quarter. And while we strive every dayto address unmet medical needs by deliveringlife-transforming or life-saving medicines andvaccines that translate into sustainable growthand provide value for shareholders, our purposeis deliberately broader: Better health for people,brighter future for the world.We’re proud of our purpose-led and values-basedapproach. We hear from external stakeholders thatwe’re unique in the way we build this approach intoour early access programs, including our free “namedpatient programs” to help provide better access tomedicines that are not available to people in theirown countries. We’re told that it comes to life in ourcommercial negotiations around reimbursementand pricing. It’s even guided the way we designedour business — with our Vaccines Business Unit, forexample, we intentionally chose to go after someof the most challenging infectious disease targetssuch as dengue, at a time when a safe and effectivevaccine did not exist. Most recently, this approachwas behind the significant enhancements we madeto our Patient Assistance Programs for U.S. patientswho qualified for and needed extra help as a resultof the COVID-19 pandemic.2020 Sustainability ReportOur aspiration is to createexceptional opportunities andexperiences for every memberof our diverse global team.Like all global organizations, the COVID-19 pandemichas tested our organizational resilience. It’s alsoreminded us why we come to work every day — tomake a difference for patients and the communitiesin which we live and operate.Strict safety protocols have enabled employeesin R&D, manufacturing and distribution to supplymedicines uninterrupted. And we’ve paused someof our noncritical clinical studies, so that we canrefocus certain areas of R&D to identify and developpotential coronavirus treatments.We’ve also pioneered cross-industry partnerships suchas the CoVIg-19 Plasma Alliance (see page 24), co-ledby the President of our Plasma-Derived TherapiesBusiness Unit, Julie Kim. And Andy Plump, President ofR&D, is taking a leadership role within the R&D Alliance.We’ve shown extraordinary resilience and flexibilityas a company, demonstrating great creativity in theway we work and where we work, as well as how weinteract with each other and with our stakeholders.We’ve set up a cross-functional team that is solicitingemployee input to build a holistic and data-drivenapproach to design the right future workingenvironment for Takeda post COVID-19.At the same time, we’ve continued to move ahead withmeasures to help achieve our goal to be carbon neutralacross our value chain in FY2020 and help achieve ourgoal of reaching zero carbon emissions from operationsby 2040. To reflect our new organization, we refreshedour corporate philosophy to make sure our purposeand our commitment to providing sustainable valueto society are embedded in the imperatives that willhelp us realize our vision.Our promise to put patients first is stronger than ever.Today, Takeda has 14 successful global brands and anexciting pipeline of innovative medicines. Our R&Dengine continues to translate science into potentiallylife-changing therapies and vaccines in areas of highunmet need. We’re partnering with policymakers andpayors to support the sustainability of health caresystems, while also developing innovative pricing andcontract strategies. And we’re staying on top of rapidchanges in technology and the delivery of health care,innovating responsibly and ethically in the process.COVID-19 has accelerated the role of digital servicesand adoption of technologies such as ArtificialIntelligence (AI) and machine learning. At Takeda,we’re undergoing a digital transformation that willhelp us embrace and champion these new approaches,while limiting our environmental impact.As you’ll see in this comprehensive report, we mademany achievements in 2019 that demonstrate thecommitments articulated in our vision — “Discoverand deliver life-transforming treatments, guided byour commitment to Patients, our People and thePlanet.” You’ll also learn how our values drive ouractions. They help us allocate resources and makechoices so we can play a meaningful role in meetingmajor global challenges — from public health, toclimate change, to social justice.What we do today will make a difference for tomorrowand beyond. I’m confident that Takeda will continueto be a company that innovates for patients and that’strusted by society; a company that’s loved — not justnow, but in 200 years’ time.Christophe WeberPresident and Chief Executive Officer22020 Sustainability Report3
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONCorporate PhilosophyOur WorldviewUnderstanding and responding to a rapidly changing worldChange is the only constant in our industry, and across society globally. Anticipating change, turning it intoopportunity and staying ahead of the curve are essential to running a sustainable business.Meeting our responsibilitiesAs one of the world’s top 10 biopharmaceutical companies, Takeda fully understands its responsibilities to patients,employees, shareholders, payors, regulators and governments, as well as the communities where we operate. Wecan only earn the acceptance, respect and trust of society if we take these responsibilities seriously.Part of this commitment is to be one step ahead of change that’s taking place in an increasingly complex andvolatile world. We need to understand and respond to the trends that are shaping our marketplace, including thechallenges faced by the people who ultimately rely on our medicines and vaccines.Hirameki: Garden of InspirationOur corporate philosophy tells the story of Takeda — who we are, what we do, how we do it, and why it matters. It reminds us how together,we can achieve better health for people, brighter future for the world. We connect to our history and Japanese heritage through everythingwe do today, to bring our purpose, values, vision and imperatives to life. Our unwavering commitment to putting patients first always guidesour scientific discovery and excellence and helps us in our pursuit to address unmet medical needs. We’ve embodied our corporate philosophyin the Hirameki: Garden of Inspiration. Inspired by the Takeda Garden for Medicinal Plant Conservation in Kyoto, employees can begin theirjourney at the Japanese cherry blossom tree, which represents our proud history and heritage and continue through numerous destinationsthat symbolize elements of our culture. Much like our Corporate Philosophy, the Hirameki Garden reflects Takeda’s growth, diversity,transformation and foundation. Employees chart their own path within the garden to shape their contributions in helping us achieve our vision.PURPOSEVISIONTakeda exists to create better health for people,brighter future for the world.Our vision is to discover and deliver life-transformingtreatments, guided by our commitment to patients,our people and the planet. This directs us towardwhere we want to be and outlines our aspirationsand priorities as a company.VALUES: TAKEDA-ISMWe are guided by our values of Takeda-ism, whichincorporate Integrity, Fairness, Honesty and Perseverance,with Integrity at the core. They are brought to life throughactions based on Patient-Trust-Reputation-Business, inthat order. Together, they represent who we are and howwe act, helping us make decisions we can be proud oftoday, and in the future.Brought to life through actionsbased on:1. Putting the patient first.2. Building trust with society.3. Reinforcing our reputation.4. Developing a sustainablebusiness.To create long-lasting value for society, we must be agile enough to take advantage of the opportunities thesechanges present. We must also guard against the threats they pose. At all times, we need to make sure ouractions and decisions are based on our values, and that we have a positive impact on Patients, People andthe Planet. Here are some of the most important issues affecting our business today, and what we’re doingabout them.IMPERATIVESWe honor our responsibility to patients, colleaguesand other stakeholders as well as the communitieswhere we operate. Our imperatives help us realizeour vision and purpose:Patient Responsibly translate science into highly innovative,life-changing medicines and vaccines. Accelerate access to improve lives worldwide.People Create an exceptional people experience.Planet Protect our planet.Data and Digital Unleash the power of data and digital.2020 Sustainability Report42020 Sustainability Report5
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONGlobal Population GrowthPopulations are growing and aging globally. Thishas a direct impact on our business and presentsclear opportunities in terms of expanding marketsand increased demand for health care. We believe inUniversal Access to Health. And we recognize thatthe private sector, particularly the pharmaceuticalindustry, can play an essential role in helping achievethis goal by shifting from an ecosystem approach topartnership building. A wide variety of stakeholdersshould align to find practical solutions to complexhealth care challenges. All our actions must becentered on placing patients first and enablingcommunities to rally for health as a human right.patient journey. It also includes programs to increasepatient access.We also have many Patient Assistance Programs inemerging markets, while offering access assistancein developed economies such as Europe and the U.S.We support differential pricing across lower-incomecountries to help access for patients in need of ourtherapies, and are committed to considering a country’seconomic stage and health system maturity whenpricing our medicines.Learn MoreWe recognize that health care systems are oftennot perfect. That’s why we’re doing our part to helpensure our medicines and vaccines reach the peoplewho need them. Our Blueprint for Innovative HealthCare Access pilot program in Kenya, for example, is anintegrated, sustainable implementation frameworkaimed at strengthening health care systems. It focuseson noncommunicable diseases at every stage of thePatient focusAccelerated health careinitiatives worldwideGlobal Corporate SocialResponsibility (CSR) initiativesPolarizationSpeed of InnovationScientific and digital innovation are accelerating rapidly,offering enormous opportunities for companies to addvalue for patients and society. Health care companiesneed to stay on top of this trend, as patients aredemanding more empowerment in their personalizedcare strategies.Partnerships are a cornerstone of our strategy.Whether it’s in R&D or on the digital front, webelieve that bringing the best minds together willdeliver treatments even faster. Our focus remains ontranslating science into highly innovative, life-changingmedicines that address unmet needs in four coretherapeutic areas — Oncology, Rare Genetic andHematology, Neuroscience and Gastroenterology.We’re in an industry where innovation is our lifeline.And the source of this innovation is our people. That’swhy we strive to create a culture that encouragesa mindset of lifelong learning and growth. Societydemands greater transparency when it comesto scientific innovation, and we’re committed toresponsible innovation, taking into considerationhow our work affects patients, society, the planetand our business.Learn MoreWe responsibly translatescience into high innovationOur strategic collaboration with Accenture andAmazon Web Services will fuel Takeda’s cloud-drivenbusiness transformation by modernizing platforms,accelerating data services, establishing an internalengine for innovation and equipping Takeda’semployees with new skills and ways of workingto realize our vision.We unleash the power ofdata and digitalWe create an exceptionalpeople experienceGlobal WarmingThe COVID-19 pandemic and growth of movementscalling for social change worldwide have highlightedinequalities that continue to persist in society. Takedabelieves that diversity, equity and inclusion arenonnegotiable — not only within the company, butalso in the communities where we operate and servepatients. We’re committed to meeting the expectationthat we are fair, equitable and nondiscriminatory asan employer.diversity of our suppliers in a number of ways. OurProcurement Policy, for example, calls for includingat least one small or diverse supplier in each requestfor proposal. It also requires our prime suppliers toprovide second-tier reporting.Learn MoreWe create an exceptionalpeople experienceAll 10 of our colleague-led Takeda Resource Groupscame together after recent global events related toracism and injustice to support each other and provideeducational programs and resources to colleagues.These are meaningful platforms that provide anopportunity for open dialogue and change.Our accelerated health careinitiatives worldwideGlobal CSR initiativesBusiness fundamentalsinitiativesAs a global company, we source materials from aroundthe world. And we use our network to expand the2020 Sustainability Report6The effects of climate change on our planet, onhuman health and on the future way of life can beseen around the world on a daily basis. As a globalcompany operating in about 80 countries, we knowwe must act urgently to combat climate change.Because of the connection between the health ofthe planet and people, we’re making environmentalstewardship and resource conservation central to ourbusiness operations and practices. This focus canalso improve the way we operate through increasedinnovation and efficiency.to care for our patients and our planet for the longterm, in collaboration with our business partnersand stakeholders.We want our work environment to be one that’s partof a zero-carbon economy, with an environmentallyconscious culture that attracts and retains the besttalent. We’re equally committed to reducing ourwaste and our water consumption, and will continueto improve our materials and resources use in linewith the principles of a circular economy.In 2020, Takeda announced that we would becomecarbon neutral and implement a long-term strategyto reduce companywide emissions to zero by 2040.Our new Carbon Neutrality strategy will help us focuson reducing our carbon emissions over the nexttwo decades. This phased approach will allow us2020 Sustainability ReportLearn more about how weprotect our planet7
INTRODUCTIONIn ConversationRajeev VenkayyaPresident, Global Vaccine Business UnitTakeda began working on treatments for COVID-19 in the pandemic’s early days,while keeping employees safe. President of the Global Vaccine Business Unit andco-lead of Takeda’s coronavirus response, Rajeev Venkayya, tells us more.Responding to COVID-19As a biopharmaceutical company, we felt aresponsibility to use our expertise and capabilitiesto develop medicines to tackle COVID-19. We’veused our leadership in plasma-derived therapies toactivate research, development and manufacturingof an antibody treatment for high-risk individualswith COVID-19. We later established the CoVIg-19Plasma Alliance, a collaboration between multiplecompanies to develop a single unbranded treatmentfor COVID-19. We are currently testing the treatmentin clinical trials, and if the data is positive, we plan tosubmit to regulatory authorities.Takeda’s response to COVID-19 has been guided byour values: protecting the health and safety of ourcolleagues; ensuring our medicines are available topatients who rely on them; doing our part to reducetransmission; and supporting the communities whereour colleagues live and work.We acted early in the pandemic to stop nonessentialinternational travel and shifted to teleworking forour office-based colleagues. We instituted enhancedinfection control protocols across our manufacturingsites, plasma collection facilities and R&D labs, tomake sure colleagues who need to be on site couldcontinue to do so safely. And we set up new safetyprotocols for critical clinical trials to continue.Takeda mobilized to develop medicines for COVID-19.We co-led several cross-industry collaborations,including the COVID R&D Alliance to acceleratetherapeutic and vaccine candidates and the CoVIg-19Plasma Alliance to develop a hyperimmune globulin(read more on page 24). We began testing our existingpharmaceutical products and those in developmentfor activity against the COVID-19 virus. And we havetwo partnerships to bring COVID-19 vaccines to Japan:one with the Government of Japan and Novavax onthe development, manufacturing and commercializationHow did Takeda continue to put patients firstin your response to COVID-19?In tandem, we began studying whether any ofTakeda’s existing products, as well as those indevelopment, may be effective treatments forinfected patients. We’re active participants in R&Dconsortia to evaluate these potential treatments,including the NIH Activ Consortium, and the industryled COVID R&D collaboration. And we have twopartnerships with the Japanese government to bringCOVID-19 vaccines to Japan: one with Novavax on thedevelopment, manufacturing and commercializationof Novavax’s COVID-19 vaccine candidate in Japan;and one that is a three-way agreement with Japan’sMinistry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) andModerna to import and distribute Moderna’s COVID-19vaccine candidate in Japan.2020 Sustainability Report8We established the CoVIg-19 PlasmaAlliance as a collaboration betweenmultiple companies to develop anunbranded potential treatment forCOVID-19.Advancing PublicConfidence and Trustin VaccinesTakeda participated in several virtualexternal events, including panels, webinarsand podcasts throughout 2020 to furtherengage and educate the public on arange of topics, such as the importanceof mask wearing, layered interventions,maintaining safety and efficacy ofvaccines, considerations for openingschools and the practicalities and politicsof ensuring global equitable access toCOVID-19 vaccines through COVAX, thevaccines pillar of the Access to COVID-19Tools (ACT) Accelerator.of their COVID-19 vaccine candidate in Japan; andone with Moderna to import and supply Moderna’sCOVID-19 vaccine candidate in Japan.Furthermore, to combat the spread of harmfulhealth misinformation, we are working with industryassociations to bring more transparency andeducation of the science behind vaccine development.As part of BIO’s Infectious Disease PreventionNetwork, we are supporting a new vaccine advocacycampaign launched this past summer by The PublicGood Projects titled “Stronger,” which aims to stopthe spread of harmful misinformation about science,medicine and vaccines.2020 Sustainability Report9
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONCOVID-19: An Integrated EffortThe pandemic has brought a complete shiftin how we work and collaborate. How hasTakeda ensured your people’s safety andminimal disruption at work?The safety of our employees comes first. Withapproximately 50,000 people across about80 countries, there has been no one-size-fits-allresponse to how we support our colleagues andtheir families, as well as the patients and health carepractitioners who are at the core of our purposeat Takeda. We moved quickly to stop internationaltravel in early February and shifted to a globalremote work policy for office-based staff in earlyMarch. For those unable to work remotely, such asour colleagues in manufacturing, BioLife plasmadonation facilities and laboratories, we instituteda number of protective measures to protect peoplein the workplace. Throughout the pandemic, wehave educated our colleagues on COVID-19 andgave them guidance on how they could protectthemselves and their families.As communities gain control of the virus, we haveimplemented a comprehensive, phased, risk-basedapproach to returning to the workplace, recognizingthat some protective measures will continue tobe needed until there is widespread availability ofa vaccine.We’re committed to ensuring theintegrity of the clinical trials weconduct, while safeguarding everyonewho participates in them.How has Takeda continued to carry outcritical clinical trials despite COVID-19restrictions?We’re committed to ensuring the integrity of theclinical trials we conduct, while safeguarding themany patients, health care providers, employeesand other partners who participate in them. Weappreciate the extraordinary circumstances facedby those operating clinical studies around the world,while managing the additional burdens caused byCOVID-19. Due to the global impact of COVID-19,we placed a temporary pause on the initiation ofnew studies in March 2020, with the exception ofour plasma-derived antibody treatment for COVID-19.For those studies already ongoing, we have pausedthe activation of new study sites and new patientenrollment for now, with a small number of exceptions.2020 Sustainability Report 10Partneredwith the WorldFood Programme to support atreatment and isolation center forhumanitarian workers responding toCOVID-19 and a supply chain controltower in AfricaJoinedhands with the UnitedNations Population Fund to supportthe continued delivery of maternaland newborn health services inBenin, Guinea and Togo duringthe COVID-19 pandemicBegantwo partnerships withthe Government of Japan, one withNovavax and one with Moderna, tobring COVID-19 vaccines to JapanReadmore about our effortsand partnerships on vaccinedevelopment on page 262020 Sustainability Report 11
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONMaterialityand Pharmaceuticals Standard, UN SDG IndustryMatrix, Access to Medicine Index, Task Force onClimate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) andPharmaceutical Supply Chain Initiative (PSCI). Internal interviews with the Takeda Executive Team. Interviews and surveys with external stakeholders,including investors and analysts, NGOs, industryorganizations, international organizations, corporatepeers, customers and suppliers and professionalservices partners.We conducted a comprehensive materialityassessment in FY2019 to realign priorities aftercompleting our acquisition of Shire. Through thiswe wanted to better understand which nonfinancialissues are strategically important to our companyand stakeholders to guide our decision-making.Topic identificationOur process began with identifying a long list oftopics relevant to our sustainability strategy, withthe assistance of accounting firm EY, which werecategorized into four key issue areas:ValidationFinally, the results were organized according to theirimportance to stakeholders and our business, with aselect number of top-tier topics representing potentialareas where we could demonstrate leadership. Thesewere categorized into Patient, People and Planet, aswell as the Management Fundamental Issues that arecritical to making sure Takeda acts in line with ourvalues and purpose. The draft prioritization matrixwas reviewed, adjusted and validated by Takeda’sSustainability Integration and Global Public Affairsteams. The resulting matrix was then used as an inputto develop our corporate philosophy. H ealth care — Impact and accessibility of Takeda’sproducts for global health. E nvironment — Practices to minimize Takeda’senvironmental impact and to conservenatural resources. S ocial — Impact of Takeda’s products and operationson employees, customers and communities, includingphilanthropic programs. G overnance — Systems, structures and attitudesthat affect how Takeda oversees and managesits operations.PrioritizationThe topics were then prioritized based on the levelof importance to our stakeholders and our business.The process, designed to include a balance of bothcurrent and forward-looking perspectives, included:Embedding material topics into our overall businessoperations and strategy ensures that we allocateresources and make choices in a way that helps usplay our part in meeting major global challenges.We’ll continue to review our material topics on anongoing basis instead of conducting new materialityassessments annually. This will allow us flexibilityso that as the marketplace matures and we makestrides, we can pivot or stretch as needed. We’recommitted to reporting our progress annually. A nalysis of Takeda’s existing disclosures, peerdisclosures, emerging global megatrends and sectorrelevant frameworks such as GRI, SustainabilityAccounting Standards Board’s (SASB) BiotechnologiesIMPORTANCE TO BUSINESSHighIMPORTANCE TO STAKEHOLDERSCorporateGovernanceLowDrug Safety& QualityResponsibleSupply ChainNatural Resource UseFair Working ConditionsPreventingDrug roductStewardshipClinical TrialIntegrityAccess to MedicinesR&D to AddressUnmet MedicalNeedsStrategic StakeholderEngagementOur materiality assessment process is just one example of how stakeholder engagement plays a critical role inshaping our approach to sustainability. Continuous strategic engagement with a wide range of stakeholdershelps guide our efforts, ensuring our programs are making a difference and identifying new opportunities.Takeda’s engagement with key stakeholder groupsPatients and health careproviders P atient and health careprovider websites P atient surveys, includingpatient satisfaction surveys W orking with advocacyand nongovernmentalorganizations Medical grantsEmployeesGovernments/Payors Focus groups with employees O pportunities throughTakeda Resource Groups Employee surveys V olunteer opportunitiesin community and patientorganizations Code of Conduct Ethics Helpline P articipate on advisorycommittees I nform public debate basedon evidence Supplier diversity program Public-private partnerships Trade association leadershipShareholdersCommunities Analyst/investor presentations Earnings releases Socially responsible investmentsurveys Employee volunteering Board memberships Financial supportBest-in-Class TalentPatientHealth CareEducationBioethicsWaste & WaterManagementData Privacy& SecurityEmployee Health& Well-beingClimate, Carbon& EnergyDiversity, Equity& InclusionPartnerships are a cornerstone of our strategy, both to help our business grow sustainably and to enhance ourcorporate citizenship. On the business side, we have a wide range of partnerships with biotechnology venturesand academia. In our CSR and sustainability activities we work with several international organizations andother stakeholder groups to make the most positive impact.Speed of ProductDevelopmentCounterfeit Drug ProgramPLANETMANAGEMENT FUNDAMENTAL2020 Sustainability Report 12High2020 Sustainability Report 13
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONESG Disclosure & TransparencyFY2019 Sustainability HighlightsWe consider transparent di
our vision and purpose: Patient Responsibly translate science into highly innovative, life-changing medicines and vaccines. Accelerate access to improve lives worldwide. People Create an exceptional people experience. Planet Protect our planet. Data and Digital Unleash the power of data and digital. Brought to life through .
