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UNIT 05ONCE UPON A TIMEActivity 1Act hika:Mother, how did this world begin?Well, there are many different ideas about that. Radhika,why don’t you tell your brother what you learnt about it atschool?Scientists believe that the earth was created from a ball ofdust and gas. The earth was very hot then. Gradually, itcooled down and hardened.Wow! What happened after that?The land, the seaand the atmospherebegan to form butthere was no lifeon Earth.Nothing at all?Nothing at all.Life first beganin the sea as abacterium. Plantsappeared next onland, followed byanimals.For free distribution51
Arjuna:Oh, really? When did dinosaurs come into the world?Radhika:Dinosaurs appeared much later. Amphibians and reptileswere there before them, but birds and mammals came later.Arjuna:How about people?Radhika:Humans appeared on Earth last. Some scientists believethat humans evolved from apes. Early humans hunted andgathered food. Later, they learnt to make tools and to usefire.Arjuna:What happened to the dinosaurs?Radhika:Why don’t you find it out yourself? I have a book and a DVDon dinosaurs. You can read the book or watch the DVD.Activity 2Read the conversation and complete the flow chart.The earth was created from a ballof dust and gas.First, life.The first living things on Earthwere.Then, .Finally humans appeared on Earth.52For free distribution
and/ but/orWe can combine sentences using and / but / or.The earth cooled down.The earth hardened.Early humans hunted.They gathered food.The land, sea and atmospherebegan to form.There was no life on Earth.You can read the book.You can watch the DVD.The earth cooled down and hardened.Early humans hunted and gatheredfood.The land, sea and atmosphere beganto form but there was no life on Earth.You can read the book or watch theDVD.Activity 3Reading and WritingCombine the sentences using and / but / or.1.Early people lived in caves.They painted pictures on the walls.2.Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.It was very different from the phones we use today.3.In the Stone Age people didn’t build houses.They did not use metal tools.Activity 4SpeakingSpeak in groups about the journey of human civilization. Take turnsand speak at least one sentence. Make use of the given facts. You maycombine sentences.For free distribution53
Began to walk on two legsStarted to use simple stone tools, began to use fireBuilt a shelter from large bones of animalsLived in groupsDid not farm. Hunted and gathered foodStarted using bows and arrowsStarted to live in one place longerDiscovered metal, started to make toolsStarted agriculture and rearing animalsStarted to live in villages, built houses of wattle and daubHad free time after harvesting, began to engage in dancing, musicActivity 5WritingDescribe the following picture of early civilization. You may use thephrases in Activity 4.54For free distribution
Activity 6ReadingRead the passages and match them with the questions given.BADinosaurs were a group of There were no humans on Earthprehistoric animals. They lived when dinosaurs lived on it.on Earth a long time ago. They Dinosaurs first appeared on Earthhad scaly skin, lived on the land about 230 million years ago. Theyand laid eggs. The word dinosaur lived here for about 165 millionmeans ‘terrible reptile’ in ancient years. The period in which theylived is called the Mesozoic Era.Greek.CWe learn about dinosaurs bylooking at dinosaur fossils.Fossils are the preservedremains of living things. Firstdinosaur fossils were foundin England in the 1920’s.Scientists who study fossilsare called paleontologists.DDifferent dinosaurs ate differentthings. Some dinosaurs were meateaters or carnivores. Among themTyrannosaurus Rex was the mostdangerous. Dinosaurs such asDiplodocus and Stegosaurus wereplant eaters or herbivores. Somedinosaurs were omnivores. Theybelieved to have eaten plants, insectsand reptiles.EAbout 65 million years ago dinosaursbecame extinct or disappeared fromthe earth. Scientists have differentideas about how they became extinct.The most popular idea is that whilethey were living on Earth, a hugemeteorite crashed into it. After thatthe earth became very cold. Dinosaursand other reptiles could not bear theextreme weather and died.For free distribution55
1.What were dinosaurs?2. When did dinosaurs live on Earth?3. How do we learn about dinosaurs?4. What did dinosaurs eat?5. How did dinosaurs become extinct?Activity 7ReadingFind the meanings of the following words from the text. OmnivoresBecame extinctRead these sentences.When/while There were no humans on Earth when dinosaurslived on it. While dinosaurs were living on Earth, a hugemeteorite crashed into it.Activity 8Join these sentences with “when.”1. I visited the museum. I saw a skeleton of a whale.2. Christopher Columbus landed in the Bahamas. He thought he wasnear China.56For free distribution
Combine these sentences using “while.”1. I was looking at the sky. I saw a shooting star.2. The Earth revolves around the sun. It rotates around itself.Activity 9ListeningYour teacher will read out some descriptions about the history of sometoys and amusements. Listen to them and match A with B.A B1. Fireworksa. Invented by Arthur Wynne in 1913.2. Ferris wheelb. Invented by George WashingtonFerris Jr. in 1893.3. Kaleidoscopec. Invented in China about 2000 yearsago.4. Crossword puzzlesd. Invented by Sir David Brewster in1816.For free distribution57
Activity 10WritingRead the given description about Munidasa Cumaratunga.Munidasa CumaratungaMunidasa Cumaratunga was born on 25th July 1887. He was awriter, poet, journalist and grammarian. He wrote many Sinhala storybooks. Heenseraya, Hathpana, Magulkema and Kiyawana Nuwana aresome of them. These books are popular among children even today.Munidasa Cumaratunga founded the “Hela Havula” movementto promote the correct usage of the Sinhala language. He wrote Sinhalagrammar books and had a wide knowledge of other languages like Tamil,Pali, Sanskrit, Greek and Latin. In his lifetime, he served as a schoolteacher, principal and school inspector. This eminent scholar passed awayon 2nd March 1944.58For free distribution
Read the details given about three other well-known Sri Lankans. Selectone of them and write a similar description.Ananda Samarakoon(13th Jan. 1911- 05thApril 1962) Musician andcomposer Composed theNational Anthem ofSri Lanka Considered thefather of artistic SriLankan music Founded a musicaltradition of our own Composed manysongse.g. :- “Ase MaduraJeewanaye geetha,Akke Akke AraBalannako” A gifted painterAnandaCoomaraswamy(22nd Aug.1877- 09thSep. 1947) Philosopher,historian andgeologist Studied at LondonUniversity. Was interested inmany fields: art,literature, language,religion Founder of CeylonSocial Reform Society This societywas interested inpreserving traditionalarts and crafts,customs and traditionsSiddi Lebbe(11 June1838 - 05thFeb. 1898) A scholar,educationist and aMuslim communityleader Worked hard to upliftthe lives of Muslims Lawyer by profession A member of theKandy MunicipalCouncil Founded manyMuslim schools Printed school booksand distributed themfor freethFor free distribution59
Activity 11SpeakingGive a short speech about a famous Sri Lankan.Examples :- D.S. Senanayake, Lakshman Kadirgamar, T.B. Jayah,Martin Wickramasinghe, Lester James Peiris60For free distribution
ONCE UPON A TIME Activity 1 Act out Arjuna: Mother, how did this world begin? Mother: Well, there are many different ideas about that. Radhika, why don’t you tell your brother what you learnt about it at school? Radhika: Scientists believe that the earth was created from a ball of
