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Page 2THE TECHWORLD & NATIONAmericans in Iraq FaceTheir Deadliest Day in MonthsBy Kirk SempleBAGHDAD, IRAQTHE NEW YORK TIMESIn the deadliest day for American forces since the beginning of theyear, at least nine members of the military were killed in the insurgentstronghold of Anbar Province, including four in a rebel attack and atleast five when their truck accidentally flipped over, the American military command said Monday.Three Marines and one sailor were killed on Sunday in the rebelassault, the military reported, offering no further information. It wasthe largest number of American deaths in a single attack in more thana month.In another part of Anbar on Sunday, a flash flood toppled a seventon truck, killing five Marines riding inside it and wounding one, themilitary said. Two Marines and one Navy corpsman in the truck weremissing, officials said.Wrapping up a quick visit here, Secretary of State CondoleezzaRice and Jack Straw, the British foreign secretary, pressed Iraqi leadersfor a second day on Monday to form a coalition government as quicklyas possible, in order to end a power vacuum in which insurgent attacks,sectarian violence and general lawlessness have flourished.Canada Scraps PlansTo Decriminalize MarijuanaBy Clifford KraussTORONTOTHE NEW YORK TIMESPrime Minister Stephen Harper announced Monday that he wasscrapping draft legislation to decriminalize possession of smallamounts of marijuana, a measure that had been strongly criticized bythe Bush administration.The move was not unexpected, because his Conservative Party hadopposed the measure. But it was symbolically important coming on thefirst day that Canada’s new Parliament convened and only days afterHarper’s first meeting as prime minister with President Bush, at a summit meeting in Mexico.Harper announced the move during a speech to the Canadian Professional Police Association in which he pledged to toughen sentencesfor drug and gun crimes, tighten parole rules, strengthen controls onchild pornography and expand the national databank of DNA samplesfor convicted criminals.“We are going to hold criminals to account,” said Harper, who waselected in January. “If you do a serious crime, you’re going to do serious time.”Thai Leader Says He Will AcceptPanel’s ScrutinyBy Thomas FullerBANGKOK, THAILANDTHE NEW YORK TIMESApril 4, 2006Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra claimed victory on Mondayin national elections, which were boycotted by opposition groups,and said he had a mandate to remain in his post.“I am satisfied with the result,” Thaksin said on national television, his first substantive comments since the voting on Sunday.“Sixty percent of people trust me.”But in a concession to opposition groups that have called for hisresignation, Thaksin offered to set up an independent committee tojudge his fitness to rule that would be made up of former prime ministers, former supreme court justices, former members of parliamentand deans from Thai universities.“If this committee thinks that it’s better if I quit, I will go,” hesaid.Thaksin said his party received 16 million votes, or 57 percent ofthe 28 million votes cast. Official results are expected on Tuesday.Moussaoui Can Be ExecutedFor 9/11 Deaths, Jury FindsBy Neil A. LewisTHE NEW YORK TIMESALEXANDRIA, VA.A federal jury found on Monday that Zacarias Moussaoui wasresponsible for some of the deathsthat occurred on Sept. 11, 2001,and is thus eligible to be executed.The unanimous verdict means thatMoussaoui may now be weeks frombeing sentenced to death.Moussaoui sat silently as theverdict was read, seemingly mouthing prayers to himself. The jury wasstoic as were most of the handful ofrelatives of Sept. 11 victims in thecourtroom, although two quietlywiped away tears.The jury of nine men and threewomen will move into the nextphase of the sentencing trial beginning Thursday in which they willdecide whether Moussaoui, the onlyperson to be tried in an Americancourtroom in connection with theSept. 11 attacks, should actually beexecuted by lethal injection at thefederal prison in Terre Haute, Ind.But it was the first phase of thetrial that ended Monday that wasviewed by lawyers and death penalty experts as the one in whichMoussaoui had the greater chanceto escape execution. At the time ofthe attacks, Moussaoui was in jailin Minnesota, having been arrestedthree weeks earlier on immigrationcharges.The Justice Department arguedthat even though he did not takepart in the attacks he deserved todie because at the time of his arrest he willfully concealed detailedknowledge of al-Qaida’s plans touse suicide hijackers to fly planesinto buildings.His lies, a prosecutor told thejury, “made him just as guilty asif he were at the controls of one ofthose planes.”His court-appointed defenselawyers whose help he spurnedcountered that even though he wasan Islamic extremist, he was only aminor player in al-Qaida whose senior officials found him unreliableand had not planned on using himfor the Sept. 11 plot.The defense lawyers seemedto be building a solid case untilMoussaoui took the stand himselflast week and proceeded to acknowledge unreservedly every element ofthe prosecution’s case. He assertedthat he was set to be part of the Sept.11 plot by flying a fifth airplane intothe White House.His testimony was startling inthat he had earlier said that he wasto have participated in a separate alQaida plot, had nothing to do withSept. 11, and would fight the deathpenalty with all his strength.Moussaoui,a37-year-oldFrenchman of Moroccan heritage,has through his courtroom outburstsand bizarre notes to the judge overthe last few years, seemed at timesindisputably irrational and his decision to testify against the advice ofhis lawyers was seen initially as another ill-considered move.But the testimony that vaultedhim closer to a death sentence wasdelivered in a calm and deliberatemanner. It may have been provokedby his anger at the defense lawyers’efforts to portray his role as trivialand suggested that what he wantedmost of all was to be seen as a fullfledged member of al-Qaida’s Sept.11 conspiracy. He even acknowledged how delighted he was to hearthe panicked tape-recorded voice ofa flight attendant pleading for herlife.Kennedy and John Paul Stevens, alongwith Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr.— filed an unusual opinion explainingtheir position. They noted that Padilla,who is currently out of military custody and awaiting trial in federal districtcourt in Miami on terrorism-relatedcharges, was entitled to a criminaldefendant’s full range of protections,including the right to a speedy trial.Most significant, the three justiceswarned the administration that thefederal courts, including the SupremeCourt, stood ready to intervene “werethe government to seek to change thestatus or conditions of Padilla’s custody.”The comment was clearly a reference to the sequence of events last fall,when the administration, days beforeit was due to file a brief in responseto Padilla’s Supreme Court appeal, announced that it had obtained a grandjury indictment and planned to shifthim to civilian custody.The administration then filed abrief arguing that the appeal had to bedismissed as moot, since Padilla wasgetting the relief he requested whenhe filed his original petition asking tobe released from custody or chargedwith a crime. The Miami indictmentcharges him with providing materialsupport to terrorists as part of a cellthat is said to have sent money andrecruits overseas. He is being heldwithout bail, with a trial scheduled forSept. 9.In simply turning down Padilla’sappeal, Padilla v. Hanft, No. 05-533,the court did not make a formal determination that the case was moot.However, Padilla’s transfer from military custody to the civilian justice system rendered his legal claims “at leastfor now, hypothetical,” Kennedy saidin the explanatory opinion, which thetwo other justices signed.Supreme Court Votes to RefuseConsideration of Padilla CaseBy Linda GreenhouseTHE NEW YORK TIMESWASHINGTONJose Padilla, the U.S. citizen heldfor more than three years in militarycustody as an enemy combatant, fellone vote short on Monday of persuading the Supreme Court to take hiscase.Four votes are necessary for thecourt to take a case, and Padilla’s appeal received only three. The resultwas to leave standing a decision by thefederal appeals court in Richmond,Va., that endorsed the government’spower to seize a citizen on U.S. soiland keep him in open-ended detention.Nonetheless, the outcome was notthe unalloyed victory for the Bushadministration that it might have appeared to be.Three justices who voted not tohear the case — justices Anthony M.WEATHERSTAFF METEOROLOGIST W 997995 1024- - - - -10111025 Cold Front Stationary Front HurricaneWarm Front Low Pressure- - -Trough High PressureWeather FrontsPrecipitation SymbolsSnowShowersLightModerateHeavyRain Weather Systems 1018 1004 Extended ForecastToday: Rain. Breezy. Much cooler. High in the mid 40’s F (7 C).Tonight: Light snow showers after midnight. No accumulation expected.Windy with gusts up to 40 mph. Lows in the lower 30’s F (0 C).Tomorrow: Mostly cloudy. Rain and/or snow showers in the morning. Highsin the mid 40’s (7 C).Thursday: Partly cloudy. Highs in the lower 50’s F (11 C).40 N- - - - - -Deep down, you knew it couldn’t last forever. Last week’s spring breakweather couldn’t have been any better. Along with sunny and dry conditions,high temperatures were about 10 to 15 degrees warmer than normal. In fact, itwas so dry, Boston only received 14.5 percent (0.56”) of the normal monthlyprecipitation total in March, the second lowest on record.Waking up to the heavy rain, raw conditions, and maybe even thunder,your instincts of a changing weather pattern have become reality. As expectedfrom the “law of averages,” over the next several days, high temperatures willbe 5 to 10 degrees below normal. Expect rain totals of an inch to an inch anda half. As the storm exits later today, a much cooler air mass builds in andsets the stage for some spring snow. While there is still significant uncertaintyas to whether a secondary low pressure system will develop, it is likely thatsome precipitation in the form of snow will fall beginning sometime tonightinto tomorrow morning. No accumulation is expected. After that, Thursdaywill likely be the only dry day for the remainder of this week. So, dig up theumbrella — you’ll be needing it.60 W65 W70 W75 W W80 W8590W W0 95W10 W5 10 W110W0 115W12W5 120 By Cegeon J. ChanSituation for Noon Eastern Standard Time, Tuesday, April 4, 200613“Law of Averages”Other SymbolsFogThunderstormHazeCompiled by MITMeteorology Staffand The Tech35 N30 N25 N

WORLD & NATIONApril 4, 2006Top U.N. Official Accuses SudanGovernment of Darfur CoverupBy Marc LaceyTHE NEW YORK TIMESNAIROBI, KENYAThe government of Sudan hasblocked Jan Egeland, the top U.N.emergency aid official, from visiting the western Darfur region thisweek, prompting Egeland to accuseKhartoum of trying to hide the direconditions there.The Sudanese government offeredvarious explanations for its decisionnot to allow Egeland, the undersecretary general for humanitarian affairsand U.N. emergency relief coordinator, to visit Khartoum, the capital, orDarfur beginning Monday.Jamal Ibrahim, a Foreign Ministry spokesman, said the visit wasmerely postponed because it wouldhave coincided with the ProphetMuhammad’s birthday. He also saidin an interview with the BBC that itwould not have been safe for Egeland, a Norwegian, to visit the country given the recent controversy overcartoons of the prophet published ina Danish newspaper.But the United Nations said thetrip had been planned in advance andthat the decision by Sudanese author-ities not to approve his flight appearedto be politically motivated.“They said I’m not welcome,”Egeland said in a telephone interviewfrom Rumbek, in southern Sudan,which operates semi-autonomouslyand did give approval for his visit.“My interpretation is that they don’twant me to see what I was planningto witness in south and west Darfur,which is renewed attacks on the civilian population.”In the latest wave of attacks in Darfur, Egeland said, thousands of peoplehad been chased from 60 villages bygovernment-backed militias knownas the janjaweed. He said the deteriorating security environment had madeit increasingly difficult to provideassistance to the estimated 3 millionrefugees living in camps in Darfurand across the border in Chad.He said the governor, or wali, ofSouth Darfur, where Egeland hadbeen scheduled to visit, had opposedhis arrival there and suggested that itmight not be safe for him to visit. Inaddition, Egeland said the Sudanesegovernment’s representatives to theUnited Nations had informed his office in New York that he would not bewelcome in Darfur or Khartoum.“We are having an endless nightmare of administrative obstacles toour work in Darfur,” Egeland said.“We have a feeling that the peoplewe are trying to assist are being increasingly attacked. My feeling is thegovernment should help us help theirpeople.”Relations between the Sudaneseand the United Nations are particularlydelicate now because of plans for theUnited Nations later this year to takeover the running of the African Unionpeacekeeping mission currently underway in Darfur. Under-financed andlimited in its ability to quell the violence, the 7,000-strong African Unionforce is viewed as more neutral by theSudanese, who oppose the arrival ofany Western troops in Darfur.Prompted by the government,Sudanese citizens have taken to thestreets on several occasions to protestagainst a U.N. force, which they oftenequate with an American role in Sudan.Egeland has played a major rolein focusing international attention onDarfur, which he declared the world’sworst humanitarian crisis in early2004.Coast Guard, FBI Power DisputeCould Weaken Response to AttackBy Eric LiptonTHE NEW YORK TIMESWASHINGTONPotentially disastrous confusion could arise during a terroristattack on a cruise ship or ferry because of a power struggle betweenthe FBI and the Coast Guard overwho would be in charge, a reportreleased Monday by the Department of Justice inspector generalwarned.After the 2001 attacks, bothorganizations created or expandedarmed teams that have the ability toboard a moving ship or ferry, usinga small boat or helicopter.“The FBI and the Coast Guardboth want the ability to respondto terrorist threats in the maritimearea,” the report says. “Unless suchdifferences over roles and authorities are resolved, the response toa maritime incident could be confused and potentially disastrous.”The two agencies agree thatcruise ships, ferries and containerships are likely targets for terrorists using a bomb or a small boatpacked with explosives or by takinghostages.Since 2001, the Coast Guard, apart of the Department of Homeland Security, created 13 specializedteams based at major ports aroundthe nation that travel on small boatsequipped with machine guns andare trained to respond to a hostagetaking or other maritime terrorism.These 100-member teams also haveaccess to Coast Guard helicoptersand transport planes.The FBI, a division of the JusticeDepartment, has 14 of what it calls“enhanced maritime SWAT teams,”and a separate hostage rescue teamtrained to respond to maritime terrorism. The hostage team can rappel from a helicopter onto a ship,or approach a ship using closed circuit diving gear that does not emitbubbles.The inspector general’s reportsays that the rivalry between theFBI and Coast Guard teams is sogreat that during a training exerciselast year in Connecticut, which featured a mock terrorist strike on aferry, “the FBI repeatedly blockedthe Coast Guard’s efforts, saying theFBI was the lead federal agency.”In response, the report says, theCoast Guard “changed the scenarioto circumvent the FBI’s lead federalagency role.”The federal government tried toclarify the roles, through an October2005 document called the MaritimeOperational Threat Response. It saysHomeland Security and its agencies,including the Coast Guard, take thelead “for the interdiction of maritime threats in waters where DHSnormally operates,” meaning U.S.ports and coastal waters.The document says the role ofthe Justice Department and FBI isto search for clues to prevent maritime terrorism and, if there is anattack, to investigate and prosecutethe terrorists.But the new report says the 2005document has “not eliminated thepotential for conflict and confusionin the event of a terrorist incident ata seaport.”Spokesmen for the Coast Guardand FBI said their agencies arecommitted to resolving the disagreement.“There is no room for failure,we will resolve this,” said RichardJ. Kolko, an FBI agent.U.S. and England Demand That IraqisPromptly Form a Unified GovernmentBy Edward Wongand Joel BrinkleyTHE NEW YORK TIMESBAGHDAD, IRAQSecretary of State CondoleezzaRice and Jack Straw, the British foreign minister, forcefully demandedon Monday that the Iraqi leadershipform a unified government as quickly as possible to end a power vacuumin which sectarian bloodletting hasbeen rampant.Their announcement was madeduring the second day of a visit hereto convey their acute impatiencewith the country’s political paralysis,and came a day after Iraq’s dominantShiite political bloc fractured whenits most powerful faction publiclydemanded that the incumbent Shiiteprime minister resign over his inability to form a unified government.It was not clear whether the jointvisit by Rice and Straw, the top emissaries of the two countries that ledthe invasion of Iraq three years ago,played a direct role in the splinteringof the Shiite bloc, and whether thatschism would lead to forward movement on forming a new government,which has been stalled for months.The developments suggested thata new phase in Iraq’s convulsionsmight have started by opening a possibly violent battle for the country’stop job between rival Shiite factions,which both have militias backingthem. The incumbent prime minister,Ibrahim al-Jaafari, has said he willfight to keep his job, and his principal supporter is Moktada al-Sadr, arebellious cleric whose Mahdi Armymilitia has resorted to violence manytimes to enforce his wishes.Rice and Straw, who came hereunannounced early Sunday from ameeting in England punctuated byantiwar protests, told reporters theydid not want to intervene in the dispute over the prime minister. Butat the same time they pointed outthat Jaafari had been unable to winenough political support to form agovernment since his nomination onFeb. 12.“They’ve got to get a primeminister who can actually form thegovernment,” Rice said after a meetings on Sunday with Iraqi leaders— which included a visibly uncom-fortable photo session with Jaafari —inside the Green Zone, the fortifiedpart of Baghdad that houses the Iraqigovernment and American Embassy.She added, “I told them that a lot oftreasure, a lot of human treasure, hasbeen put on the line to give Iraq thechance to have a democratic future.”“We are entitled to say that whilstit is up to you, the Iraqis, to say whowill fill these positions, someonemust fill these positions and fill themquickly,” Straw told reporters at anews conference Monday.“There is no doubt the politicalvacuum that is here at the moment isnot assisting the security situation,”he added.At lunchtime, officials with Jaafari’s party met with Kurdish leadersto try to rally political support for theembattled prime minister. The Kurds,and particularly President Jalal Talabani, have been at the forefront ofcalls to oust Jaafari. Talabani was incensed after Jaafari paid a state visitto Turkey in late February; Turkishleaders have repeatedly threatened toinvade Iraqi Kurdistan if the Kurdstry to secede.THE TECHPage 3On a Scaffold in the Lab,Doctors Build a BladderBy Lawrence K. AltmanTHE NEW YORK TIMESBladders created in the laboratory from a patient’s own cells andthen implanted in seven young people have achieved good long-termresults in all of them, a team of researchers reported on Monday in amedical journal.It takes about two months to grow the new bladder on a scaffoldoutside the body. After implantation, the engineered bladder enlargesover time in the recipient. The researchers say they expect that the newbladder will last a patient’s lifetime, but the longevity will be knownonly as the children grow older.The hope is that someday the experimental reconstruction procedure will be standard for larger numbers of patients, including adults,and for those with other kinds of bladder damage.A major advantage of his technique is that rejection cannot occurbecause the cells used to create a new bladder are from the patient, notfrom another individual. So an ultimate aim — still years off — is todevelop the technique to grow a wide variety of other tissues, possiblyeven organs, to help relieve the shortage of donor organs available fortransplanting, said the research team’s leader, Dr. Anthony Atala. Hedirects the Institute for Regenerative Medicine at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center in Winston-Salem, N.C.Despite Criticism, TrailerFor 9/11 Film Will RunBy Sharon WaxmanTHE NEW YORK TIMESLOS ANGELESUniversal Studios said on Monday that it would stick with plansto show an adrenaline-pumping trailer for “United 93,” its forthcoming thriller about the passenger revolt on one of the planes hijackedon 9/11, despite qualms from some moviegoers and families of 9/11victims.Adam Fogelson, Universal’s president of marketing, said the trailer,which was pulled from AMC Loews Lincoln Square 12 Theater inManhattan on Saturday after complaints from patrons, would be shownonly before R-rated movies or “grown-up” PG-13 ones. He said thetrailer was created to give a candid sense of the film itself, which opensat the end of the month.“The film is not sanitized or softened, it’s an honest and real look”at the events on United Airlines Flight 93, Fogelson said. “If I sanitizedthe trailer beyond what’s there, am I suggesting that the experience willbe less real than what the movie itself is? We as a company feel comfortable that it is a responsible and fair way to show what’s coming.”The studio’s challenge — how to promote a fil

will likely come from MIT's insurance and will not be paid with tuition funds, said Robert M. Randolph, senior asso- . day. Additionally, The Boston Globe reports today that DeLuca said that By Gabriel Fouasnon STAFF REPORTER The elections for next year's . and seven grandchildren. Ernest Rabinowicz Volume 126, Number 15 Cambridge .