WIXLIB

1560J. E. SANSONETTI AND W. C. MARTINSelenium 共Se兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Silicon 共Si兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Silver 共Ag兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sodium 共Na兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Strontium 共Sr兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sulfur 共S兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tantalum 共Ta兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Technetium 共Tc兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tellurium 共Te兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Terbium 共Tb兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Thallium 共Tl兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Thorium 共Th兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Thulium 共Tm兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tin 共Sn兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Titanium 共Ti兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tungsten 共W兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Uranium 共U兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Vanadium 共V兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Xenon 共Xe兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ytterbium 共Yb兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Yttrium 共Y兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Zinc 共Zn兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Zirconium 共Zr兲. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3. References and Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4. Finding List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5. Indices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.1. Index by Atomic Number. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.2. Index by Chemical Symbol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7225822582259Although we have made heavy use of previous compilations, our tables for the great majority of elements include atleast some data compiled by us from more recent originalliterature and, in some cases, from unpublished material. Ourmost extensive use of data from the original literature hasbeen for the heavier elements. Although the data are incomplete, our wavelength and energy level tables for these elements, especially, comprise a supplement to the ASD. Forexample, the current version of the ASD includes energylevel data for only two spectra 共Mo I,II兲 of the 72 spectra ofthe neutral and singly-ionized atoms of the elements Rb toBa (Z 37– 56) and Hf to Ra (Z 72– 88). No complete andcritical compilations of energy levels have appeared for mostof these spectra since Vols. 2 and 3 of Atomic Energy Levels关M52, M58兴. For the actinide elements Ac–Es (Z 89– 99), we were able to rely almost entirely on the verycomplete compilation by Blaise and Wyart 关BW92b兴.For some spectra, especially some of the lighter elements,we have taken data from existing compilations that havebeen superseded by data reported in more recent literature.1.1. Atomic Data TablesA small selection of nonspectroscopic atomic data hasbeen provided for each element. Included are the atomicnumber and weight and a list of naturally occurring isotopes,including the isotopic mass, the relative abundance, thenuclear spin 共in units of h/2 兲, and the magnetic moment 共inunits of nuclear magnetons兲. For elements with no naturallyoccurring isotopes, the most commonly observed isotopesare listed. These data are taken from J. Emsley 关E95兴.1. Introduction1.2. Strong Line TablesThis handbook is designed to provide a selection of themost important and frequently used atomic spectroscopicdata in an easily accessible compact format. The compilationincludes data for the neutral and singly-ionized atoms of allelements hydrogen through einsteinium (Z 1 – 99). Thewavelengths, intensities, and spectrum assignments are givenin a table for each element, and the data for the approximately 12 000 lines of all elements are also collected into asingle table, sorted by wavelength 共a ‘‘finding list’’兲.More complete data for a smaller number of the most persistent lines of each spectrum are given in additional tablesfor each element. In addition to the wavelengths and intensities, the energy levels and transitions probabilities 共whereavailable兲 are listed for a total of about 2400 lines in thesetables. We also give a separate table of energy level data foreach spectrum which, although incomplete, includes levelsadditional to those involved in the persistent-line transitions.More complete data than those selected for this Handbookcan usually be found in references given with the tables forparticular spectra. The data from most of the NIST compilations we have used are available online from the AtomicSpectra Database 共ASD兲 共see 关MFKM99兴兲. In addition tomore extensive data for many of the spectra in this Handbook, the ASD has data for higher ionization stages of manyelements and includes the references.J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 34, No. 4, 2005For each of the elements a list of the strongest lines in thespectra of the neutral and singly-ionized atom has been compiled. This list includes the wavelength, the ionization stage,the reference for the wavelength measurement, and an intensity. Unless otherwise noted, the spectroscopic data in thisHandbook pertain to the naturally occurring isotopic mix foreach element.1.2.1. WavelengthsThe wavelengths for many spectra have been taken fromReader et al., 关RCWM80兴. Wavelengths given to three decimal places in 关RCWM80兴 have a stated uncertainty of lessthan 0.001, and many of the two-place wavelengths in关RCWM80兴 are rounded off from three-place values in theoriginal literature.Laboratory observations carried out since the publicationof 关RCWM80兴 have yielded improved wavelength data formany spectra, including more accurate wavelengths, increased range of wavelength coverage, and more reliable assignments of observed lines to particular spectra. We haveused more recent data for many of the spectra. However, it isimportant to note that our retention of wavelengths from关RCWM80兴, for any particular spectrum does not imply thatmore accurate data do not now exist.

ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPIC DATAIn compiling these data, we have in many cases departedfrom the practice of 关RCWM80兴 by quoting wavelengthsfrom the literature without rounding off, especially in caseswhere the literature values were given to three or fewer decimal places. The original references should be consulted foruncertainty estimates.1.2.2. IntensitiesUnlike the other tabulated data, the relative intensities arenot basic data and must be used with caution. The relativeintensities of the spectral lines observed for any element depend upon the light source and excitation conditions. Thus,even if the relative intensities observed in a particular experiment are adjusted to correct for the wavelength dependenceof the sensitivity of the spectrometer and detector, the intensities will in general be different from relative intensitiesgiven by a previous observer or tabulated in a compilationsuch as this one. With a caveat that users should keep theseconsiderations in mind, we list a relative intensity for eachline. For some lines the wavelengths

1.2. Strong Line Tables For each of the elements a list of the strongest lines in the spectra of the neutral and singly-ionized atom has been com-piled. This list includes the wavelength, the ionization stage, the reference for the wavelength measurement, and an inten-sity. Unless otherwise noted, the spectroscopic data in this