Transcription
THREE TYPES OF IRONY
1. Verbal Irony the use of words to expresssomething other than andespecially the opposite of the literalmeaning. In other words, you say one thingbut actually mean the opposite.
Verbal Irony For example, in Julius Caesar, Mark Antonyrepeatedly says "and Brutus is an honorable man"in the famous “Friends, Romans, countrymen”speech but really, I think Brutus ispond scum becausehe stabbed Caesar!
The Crucible – Verbal IronyParris: There is a party in this church. I am notblind; there is a faction and a party.Proctor: Against you?Putnam: Against him and all authority!Proctor: Why, then I must find it and join it.
Verbal Irony is NOT thesame thing as a lie.With verbal irony, the speaker intends othersto know that what he or she means isdifferent or opposite from what is said.I absolutely love myhaircut and feelsensational!
Verbal Irony often involves a SARCASTIC toneHoney, your room is absolutelybeautiful. I’ve never beenprouder of you than right now!
2. Situational Irony There is an incongruity--a bigdifference (sometimes 180degrees)--between what islogically expected to happenand what actually happens.
Situational IronyExamples A man goes over the giant waterfall NiagaraFalls in a barrel and survives, only to take acleanup shower where he slips on the soapand dies from trauma. An anti-technology website A woman in need of medical help is run overby an ambulance.
IRONIC by Alanis MorissetteA traffic jam when you're already lateA no-smoking sign on your cigarette breakIt's like ten thousand spoons when all youneed is a knifeIt's meeting the man of my dreamsAnd then meeting his beautiful wifeAnd isn't it ironic. don't you thinkA little too ironic. and yeah I really dothink.Is there situational irony in thissong?
NO! Situational Irony Bad Luck What actually happens must bethe opposite of or differ greatlyfrom what was expected tohappen.
The Crucible - Situational IronyWhen Hale quizzes John in Act II about theTen Commandments. Considering what’sbeen going on inhis life, the lastcommandmentyou’d logicallyexpect JohnProctor to forgetis . the one aboutadultery!
HYPOCRISY isa type ofSituationalIrony
What is hypocrisy? The practice of professing beliefs, feelings, orvirtues that one does not really hold orpractice Saying you believe one thing but then doingsomething that contradicts that belief
What is hypocrisy? The act of condemning another person whenthe critic is guilty of the act for which he/shedemands that the accused be condemned This is also sometimes described using theidiom--the pot calling the kettle black
Hypocrisy Example
3. Dramatic or Tragic Irony
3. Dramatic orTragic Irony A situation where a character whoseknowledge is limited says, does, orencounters something of greatersignificance than he or she knows In other words, when the audience knowsa truth that one or more of the charactersdo not yet know or understand
Dramatic/Tragic Irony -Romeo and Juliet At the end of this play, what do we, theaudience, know that Romeo doesn’tknow?
Dramatic/Tragic Irony -Lost There was always a lot of dramatic irony onthe TV show Lost. Because of flashbacks, weas an audience often knew truths othercharacters had not yet learned.
Dramatic/Tragic Irony -Titanic Why is there dramatic irony in this story fromthe first frame of the movie?
Nearly every horror movieneeds Dramatic Irony to work! We know what’s coming but the guy in thetie doesn’t. Dramatic Irony creates suspense!
The Crucible – End of Act I By the end of Act I,when Tituba, Abigail,and other girls areaccusing women inthe village ofwitchcraft, why isthere DRAMATICIRONY? (Remember to thinkabout us—theaudience)
Irony Quiz for AFTER ACT III
Which of the Three Types ofIrony does this represent?When John Proctor brings Mary Warren beforeDanforth and she claims the girls’ crying outwas only “pretense” .Rev. Parris: Excellency, you surely cannotthink to let so vile a lie be spread in opencourt!a. verbal ironyb. situational ironyc. dramatic irony
Which of the Three Types ofIrony does this represent?When John Proctor brings Mary Warren beforeDanforth and she claims the girls’ crying outwas only “pretense” .Rev. Parris: Excellency, you surely cannotthink to let so vile a lie be spread in opencourt!a. situational irony (We expect to hear truthin court but the case is based on lies.)b. dramatic irony (WE know what MaryWarren is saying is not a lie)
Which of the Three Types ofIrony does this represent?When Elizabeth is brought in to testify and isasked if her husband committed the crime oflechery .Elizabeth: No, sir.(Hint: It may be more than one)a. verbal ironyb. situational ironyc. dramatic irony
Which of the Three Types ofIrony does this represent?When Elizabeth is brought in to testify and isasked if her husband committed the crime oflechery .Elizabeth: No, sir.(Hint: It may be more than one)a. situational irony (Our logical expectationof Elizabeth is that she doesn’t lie, buthere she does.)b. dramatic irony (WE know that Proctorhas already confessed, but she doesn’t)
Which of the Three Types ofIrony does this represent?Considering that Danforth is the DeputyGovernor and a judge committed to fairness,in what way are his actions and logic oftenironic? What kind of irony is at play?a. verbal ironyb. situational ironyc. dramatic irony
Which of the Three Types ofIrony does this represent?Considering that Danforth is the DeputyGovernor and a judge committed to fairness,in what way are his actions and logic oftenironic? What kind of irony is at play?a. situational irony (Our logical expectationis that Danforth will base his decisionson what’s just, fair, with hard evidence.But, he is blind to the truth.)
In other words, you say one thing but actually mean the opposite. Verbal Irony For example, in Julius Caesar, Mark Antony repeatedly says "and Brutus is an h
