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P986:Medium-Energy AntiprotonExperimentsMuon Cooling and Future Muon Facilitiesat FermilabDanielM.M. KaplanKaplanDanielPhysics Advisory CommitteeFermilabBatavia,ILAccelerator Physicsand TechnologySeminarMar.Fermilab5, 200913 February, 2007

Outline(Varied menu!) D. M. Kaplan, IITAntiproton sourcesHyperon CP violationA new experimentIssues in charmoniumCharm mixingSummaryP986 Letter of IntentFNAL PAC 3/5/092

Antiproton Sources 2Fermilab Antiproton Source is world’s most intensehighest-energy)Table 1 (andAntiprotonenergies and intensities at existing and future facilities.FacilityCERN ADFNAL (Accumulator)FNAL (New Ring) FAIR ( ( 2015)2016)p K.E.(GeV)0.005, 0.047 3.5–82–20?2–15Stacking:Rate (1010 /hr)Duty 80 p/Yr(1013 )0.4171009 The lower number of operating hours at FAIR compared with that at other facilities arisesfrom medium-energy antiproton operation having to share time with other programs.2 PhysicsevenOverviewafterGSI FAIR turns on (has yet to breakground; will likely take some time to reach this goal)A number of intriguing recent discoveries can be elucidated at such a facility, foremostamong which is charm mixing [3]. The key question is whether there is new physics incharmmixing;the signature for thisP986is CPnewPACphysics3D. M. Kaplan,IITLetterviolationof Intent [4]. The search forFNAL3/5/09 inB and K mixing and decay has so far come up empty. Thus it behooves us to lookelsewhere as well. As pointed out by many authors, charm is an excellent venue for

Hyperon CP Violation B Factories have shown Bmixing & CPV dominantly SMworth looking elsewhere!RL-4101 0- 51 0- 41 0- 3D. M. Kaplan, IITLR1 0- 2 (ε'/ε)SUSY Leading potential signals are AΛ, AΞΛ, BΞ, ΔΩ:αΛ αΛβΛ βΛΓ Λ Pπ Γ Λ PπAΛ , BΛ , ΔΛ αΛ αΛΓ Λ Pπ Γ Λ PπβΛ βΛ Too large ε'/ε-1 0- 3World Average Differently sensitive to newphysics than B, ε′/ε (parityconserving interactions)complementary to mu2e A(Λ0 )SUSY G.Valencia, 2000excluded by ε for LR RL caseCP-oddp̅ source can produce 108 Ω– Ω ̅ ,& maybe 1010 Ξ– Ξ ̅ (transition crossing)P986 Letter of IntentFNAL PAC 3/5/094

Hyperon CP Violation SM predicts small CP asymmetries in hyperon decayNP can amplify them by orders of magnitude:Table 5: Summary of predicted hyperon CP asymmetries.Asymm.AΛAΞΛAΩΛ Ξπ ΛK ModeΛ pπΞ Λπ, Λ pπΩ ΛK, Λ pπΩ Ξ0 πΩ ΛKSM 5 10 4 0.5 10 4 10 52 10 5 1 10 5NP 4 6 10 1.9 10 3 8 10 3 2 10 4 1 10 3Ref.[68][69][36][35][36]Once they are taken into account, large final-state interactions may increase this prediction [56].Tandean and Valencia [35] have estimated Ξπ 2 10 5 in the standard model but5D. M. Kaplan,Letterof IntentFNAL PAC 3/5/09possiblyanIITorder of magnitude largerP986withnew-physicscontributions. Tandean[36] hasestimated ΛK to be 1 10 5 in the standard model but possibly as large as 1 10 3

HyperonCPViolationTheory & ExperimentTheory& experiment:TheoryTheory & Experiment–5Theoryet! al.]PRL 55, 162 (1985); PRD 34, 833 SM: [Donoghue, He, Pakvasa, Valencia, A .,10e.g.,AΛ 10–5–5 –3 (1986); PLB 272, 411 (1991)]Other models:canA beO(10) SM:Λ AΞΛ5 10 10–5 [J. Tandean, G. Valencia, Phys. Rev. D 67,[e.g. SUSY gluonic dipole: X.-G.He et al., PRD 61, 071701–3(2000)]056001 (2003)] Other models:O(10 d)![e.g. SUSY gluonic dipole: X.-G.He et al., PRD 61, 071701 (2000)][P. ChauvatChauvat etet al.,al., PLPL 163B163B (1985)(1985) 273]273][P.273[M.H. TixierTixier etet al.,al., PLPL B212B212 (1988)(1988) 523]523][M.H.273[P.D. BarnesBarnes etet al.,al., NPNP BB 56A56A (1997)(1997) 46]46]0.015[P.D.0.0060.006 – CP)(HyperCP)D. M. Kaplan, IIT% Λ!π&,,Λ! % ppπ&Ξ [K.B. LukLuk etet al.,al., PRLPRL 85,85, 48604860 (2000)](2000)][K.B.–4 [T. Holmstrom et al.,–4(0.0' 2 #6.7)–4# 10"10PRL 93. 262001 (2004)] 2 10–4[projected]# 10(6 '22 2) 10–4[BEACH08 preliminary]P986 Letter of IntentFNAL PAC 3/5/096

HyperonCPViolationTheory & ExperimentTheory& experiment:TheoryTheory & Experiment–5Theoryet! al.]PRL 55, 162 (1985); PRD 34, 833 SM: [Donoghue, He, Pakvasa, Valencia, A .,10e.g.,AΛ Measurements10–5–5 –3 (1986); PLB 272, 411 (1991)]PreviouscanAbe O(1010 )Other models: SM: AΞΛ Λ 5 10–5 [J. Tandean, G. Valencia, Phys. Rev. D 67,[e.g. SUSY gluonic dipole: X.-G.He et al., PRD 61, 071701–3(2000)]056001 (2003)] Other models:O(10 d)!Noneof X.-G.Hethe pre-HyperCP[e.g. SUSY gluonicdipole:et al., PRD 61, 071701 (2000)]experiments had thesensitivity to test theoryHyperCP probes well intoregions where BSMtheories predict nonzeroasymmetries[P. ChauvatChauvat etet al.,al., PLPL 163B163B (1985)(1985) 273]273][P.273[M.H. TixierTixier etet al.,al., PLPL B212B212 (1988)(1988) 523]523][M.H.273[P.D. BarnesBarnes etet al.,al., NPNP BB 56A56A (1997)(1997) 46]46]0.015[P.D.0.0060.006 – CP)(HyperCP)D. M. Kaplan, IIT% Λ!π&,,Λ! % ppπ&Ξ 27 June 2008[K.B. LukLuk etet al.,al., PRLPRL 85,85, 48604860 (2000)](2000)][K.B.–4 [T. Holmstrom et al.,–4(0.0' 2 #6.7)–4# 10"10PRL 93. 262001 (2004)] 2 10–4[projected]# 10(6 '22 2) 10–4[BEACH08 preliminary]Chad J MaterniakP986 Letter of Intent13FNAL PAC 3/5/096

(fromfarm histos):EnormousHyperCPDatasetMade possible by. Results D. M. Kaplan, IITp̅ source can produce 108 Ω– Ω ̅ /y & maybe 1010 Ξ– Ξ ̅P986 Letter of IntentFNAL PAC 3/5/097

mass for the 3" hypothesis was required to be outside 10 MeV c2 of the K " mass. The cuts on 2 ndf,DCA, and the total momentum were the same as for theHyperCP also 1010 Σ –Σ pµ µ Decay 2.4σ fluctuation of SM? or-SUSY Sgoldstino?SUSY light Higgs?week ending23FEBRUARY2007FIG. 5. The reconstructed pe e mass distribution for thenormalization mode after all cuts. The histogram is the sum of"FIG. 4. Real (points) and MC (histogram) dimuon mass disMC samples of !"pee# , K"ee# decays and a uniform background,!! ""eventsnormalization)with fortributions for (a) !p!! MCDoesthe(arbitraryHyperCPEvidencethetheDecay! !ofp!! determinedIndicateby a fit, andwhererelative amountseach werea form-factor decay (solid histogram) and uniformphase-spacethe numberof MC Boson?events was normalized to match the numbera Light PseudoscalarHiggsMCeventsdecay (dashed histogram) model, and (b) !"ofdataevents.Thehatched area shows the main backgroundpP!!normalized to match the data.source (uniform* background).PRL 98, 081802 (2007)PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS" #Xiao-Gang He021801-3Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Physics and Center for TheoreticalJusak Tandean†Departments of Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science, University of La Verne, La Verne, California 91750, USAG. Valencia‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA(Received 2 November 2006; published 22 February 2007)The HyperCP Collaboration has observed three events for the decay !! ! p!! !" which may beinterpreted as a new particle of mass 214.3 MeV. However, existing data from kaon and B-meson decaysprovide stringent constraints on the construction of models that support this interpretation. In this Letterwe show that the ‘‘HyperCP particle’’ can be identified with the light pseudoscalar Higgs boson in thenext-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model, the A01 . In this model there are regions of parameterspace where the A01 can satisfy all the existing constraints from kaon and B-meson decays and mediate!! ! p!! !" at a level consistent with the HyperCP observation.D. M. Kaplan, IITDOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.081802P986 Letter of IntentThree events for the decay mode !! ! p!! !" with aFNAL PAC 3/5/09PACS numbers: 14.80.Cp, 12.60.Jv, 13.30.Ce, 14.20.Jn8also been shown [7] that a light sgoldstino is a viable

How Follow Up?One possibility: Return Yoke?!2T solenoidBarrel calor.targetp beamOnce Tevatron shuts down ( 2010),—-TOF SciFi Sci TOF FiSiPix SiPixReinstall E835 EM spectrometerBarrel calor.Add small magnetic spectrometer!2 mFigure 4: Sketch of pp spectrometer dAdd precision TOF system 10MAdd wire or pellet targetaAdd 2ndary-vertex triggerRun pp̅ 5.4 GeV/c (2mΩ s̅ 2mΩ mπ )Detector ideas & moreD. M. Kaplan, IIT32-2-1@ L 10 cm s (10 E835)}Figure 6: E835 apparatus layout (from [60 108 Ω Ω ̅ /yrD. M. Kaplan, IIT 1012 inclusive hyperon events!P986 Letter of IntentPAC 3/5/09 9Figure 5: Dimuon mass spectrum FNALof thethree HyperCcompared with Monte Carlo spectrum assuming (a) sta

What Can This Do? Observe many more Σ pµ µ events andconfirm or refute SUSY interpretation Discover or limit Ω Ξ µ µ and confirm orrefute SUSY interpretationPredicted B 10–6 if P0 realDiscover or limit CP violation in Ω ΛK and Ω Ξ0 π via partial-rate asymmetriesPredicted B 10–5in SM, 10–3 if NPD. M. Kaplan, IITP986 Letter of IntentFNAL PAC 3/5/0910

What Else Can This Do?Much interest lately in new states observed incharmonium region: X(3872), X(3940), Y(3940),Y(4260), and Z(3930)X(3872) of particular interest: may be the firstmeson-antimeson (D0 D̅*0 c.c.) molecule (ortetraquark or what?)very precise mass & width measurement to needconfirm or refute pp X(3872) formation ideal for this Also hc mass & width, χc radiative-decay angulardistributions, ηc’ full and radiative widths,.D. M. Kaplan, IITP986 Letter of IntentFNAL PAC 3/5/0911

Example: precision p̅p mass& width measurementsE760 χc scans σm (beam) 0.5 MeV/c2{The beam is the spectrometer! δm(χc) 0.1 0.02 MeV/c2δΓ(χc) 0.1 0.01 MeV/c2The experiment is just the detector.D. M. Kaplan, IITP986 Letter of IntentFNAL PAC 3/5/0912

Example: precision p̅p mass& width measurements78 Fermilab E835 Collaboration / Physics Letters B 654 (2007) 74–79Andreotti et al.,PLB654 (2007) 74Works even for ψ′:-E835 measuredΓ (290 25 4) keVwith 2,700 events-used “complementary scans”to reduce systematicsFig. 1. Γ dependence on η for stacks 1 and 29, and from their combination,when the phase-slip factor is a fixed parameter. The result of the global fitwith free η is represented by the cross. The value of the phase-slip factor fromthe synchrotron-frequency measurement (vertical line) and its uncertainty (grayband) are also shown.Best technique for X(3872)mass & (sub-MeV?) widthmeasurement5. ResultsD. M. Kaplan, IITBoth channels in both scans are fitted simultaneously, leaving the phase-slip factor as a free parameter. The energy distributions are rescaled according to Eq. (7) for the ‘constantorbit’ scan and Eqs. (7) and (8) for the!‘constant-field’ scan.eeThe log-likelihood function is log(Λ) i [log P (µeei , Ni ) XXlog P (µi , Ni )]. For each channel, the mean numbers of eventsXµeei and µi are evaluated according to Eq. (1). We monitor the efficiency of each data run and the efficiencies varyless than 0.4% over a single scan.BothLetterscans havesameP986of theIntente e efficiency ε ee 0.413 0.015. For the J /ψ X chanX 0.402 0.011;nel, the constant-field scan efficiency is εcfdifferences in detection efficiency between the two scans areaccounted for by the parameter (εX /ε X ). They are due to aFig. 2. ψ(2S) resonance scans: the observed cross section for each channel(filled dots); the expected cross section from the fit (open diamonds); the ‘bare’resonance curves σBW from the fit (solid lines). The two bottom plots show thenormalized energy distributions Bi .FNAL PAC 3/5/09the resonance width narrower. The BPM noise is evaluatedfrom portions of runs with no energy drifts and its standard13

What Else Can This Do?D. M. Kaplan, IITP986 Letter of IntentFNAL PAC 3/5/0914

Charm? Braaten estimate of p̅pX(3872) couplingassuming D*Dmolecule D. M. Kaplan, IITP986 Letter of Intentextrapolates fromK*K dataBy-product is D*0D̅0cross sectionFNAL PAC 3/5/0914