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6 Answers to Exercises in The Everyday Writer with Exercises5. Jake experienced several side effects from the medication, including dizziness, dry mouth, andsevere abdominal pain.EXERCISE 31.1: Suggested Answers1. To enroll in film school being myprimary goal, I am always savingmy money and watching for scholarship opportunities.To enroll in film school is my primary goal, so I am always savingmy money and watching for scholarship opportunities.2. Many people would suffer if airpollu tion standards were relaxed.The reason air-pollution standardsshould not be relaxed is that manypeo ple might suffer if they were.3. By turning off the water when youbrush your teeth, you can save upto eight gallons of water per day.Turning off the water when youbrush your teeth can save up toeight gallons of water per day.4. Irony occurs when you expect onething and get something else.The experience of expecting onething and getting another is irony.5. I ate the best meal of my life, breadand cheese from a farmers’ market,while sitting by a river.By the side of a river, I ate the bestmeal of my life, which consisted ofbread and cheese from a farmers’market.EXERCISE 31.2: Suggested Answers1. Convection ovens cook morequickly and with less power thantraditional ovens.2. Argentina and Peru were colonizedby Spain, while Brazil was colonized by Portugal.3. She argued that children are evenmore important for men than theyare for women.4. Do you think the barbecue saucein Memphis is better than it is inNorth Carolina?5. The equipment in our new warehouse is guaranteed to last longerthan the machines in our currentfacility.EXERCISE 32.1: Suggested Answers1. Before buying a used car, youshould note the mileage, take it fora test drive, and get it checked by amechanic.2. Three activities I’d like to try aremountain biking, cross-country skiing, and kayaking.3. Working in a restaurant taught menot only the importance of servicebut also the art of small talk.4. We must either walk quickly ordrive slowly.5. To pass the time in the waitingroom, I read four magazines, textedall my friends, and stared at theclock.EXERCISE 32.2: Suggested Answers1. I remember watching it the firsttime, realizing I’d never seen anything like it, and immediately vowing never to miss an episode of TheDaily Show.2. A crowd stood outside the schooland watched as the graduates paraded by.3. An effective website is well designed, provides useful information, and gives links to other relevant sites.4. It is impossible to watch The Officeand not see a little of yourself in oneof the characters.5. Lila was the winner not only of thepie-eating contest but also of the yodeling competition.Lila won not only the pie-eatingcontest but also the yodeling competition.EXERCISE 32.3: THINKING CRITICALLY:Suggested AnswerThe richness of the scene was in its plain ness, its natural condition — of horse, ofring, of girl, even to the girl’s bare feetthat gripped the bare back of her proudand ridiculous mount. The enchantmentgrew not out of anything that happened or

Answers to Exercises in The Everyday Writer with Exerciseswas performed but out of something thatseemed to go round and around and aroundwith the girl, attending her, a steadygleam in the shape of a circle — a ring ofambition, of happiness, of youth. (And thepositive pleasures of equilibrium underdifficulties.) In a week or two, all wouldbe changed, all (or almost all) lost; the girlwould wear makeup, the horse would weargold, the ring would be painted, the barkwould be clean for the feet of the horse, thegirl’s feet would be clean for the slippers thatshe’d wear. All, all would be lost.EXERCISE 33.1: Suggested Answers1. The greed of the 1980s gave way tothe occupational insecurity of the1990s, which in turn gave way toreinforced family ties in the early2000s.2. The building inspector suggestedthat we apply for a constructionpermit and that we check with hisoffice again when the plans arecomplete.3. The instructor grabbed her coat,wondered why the substitute waslate, and ran out of the room.4. Suddenly, we heard an explosion ofwings off to our right, and we couldsee a hundred or more ducks liftingoff from the water.5. In my previous job, I sold the mostadvertising spots and earned a salesexcellence award.6. A cloud of snow powder rose as skisand poles flew in every direction.7. The flight attendant told us to turnoff all electronic devices but mentioned that we could use themagain after takeoff.8. The real estate market was softerthan it had been for a decade, andbuyers could practically name theirprice.9. When in Florence, be sure to see thecity’s famed cathedral as well asMichelangelo’s statue David.10. The freezing weather is threateningcrops such as citrus fruits, whichare sensitive to cold.EXERCISE 33.2: THINKING CRITICALLY:Suggested Answersthird-person singular (It has been . . .) first-person plural (our time . . .) third -person singular (There is nodelusion . . .) second-person singular(your head . . .) third-person singular(The human mind . . .) first-personplural (and we are obliged . . .) thirdperson singular (It is all very well . . .) second-person singular (your aware ness . . . )(Note the shift in mood from the in dicative to the imperative in the next-tolast sentence.)EXERCISE 34.1: Suggested Answers1. We made mistakes. (The activevoice implies that the speaker istaking responsibility in a matureway.)2. Hecklers interrupted the chair’saddress. (The active voice makesthe hecklers the focus of the sentence.)3. The city’s new noise complaint hot line took numerous reports aboutloud music from bars and shoutingneighbors. (The active voice putsthe focus on the new hotline.)4. An eight-year-old performed the violin solo. (The active voice is moretaut and dra matic.)5. In a patient with celiac disease, thebody’s immunological response togluten damages the intestine. (Perhaps because both versions are longand technical, neither seems significantly better.)EXERCISE 34.2: Suggested AnswerAs humans domesticated dogs overmany thousands of years, the caninespecies evolved into hundreds of breedsdesigned to perform specific tasks, suchas pulling sleds and guarding sheep.Over time, the need for many breedsdecreased. For example, as humansevolved from hunter-gatherers intofarmers, they no longer needed hunting dogs. Later, as farming societies7

8 Answers to Exercises in The Everyday Writer with Exercisesbecame industrial ized, herd animalsdisappeared, and fewer shepherdsmeant fewer sheepdogs. But by thistime humans had grown accustomedto dogs’ companionship, and breeding continued. Today, most ownerskeep dogs simply as companions, butsome dogs still do the work they wereintention ally bred for, such as followinga scent, guarding a home, or leading theblind.EXERCISE 35.1: Suggested AnswerBefore planting a tree, a gardener needsto choose a good location — one withthe right kind of soil, sufficient drainage, and enough light for the typeof tree chosen. Then he or she mustbe sure to dig a deep enough hole. Itshould be deeper than the root-ball andabout twice as wide. The gar dener mustunwrap the root-ball since the burlap,which is biodegradable, may be treatedwith chemicals that will eventuallydamage the roots if it is not removed.The roots may have grown into a compact ball if the tree has been in a pot forsome time; they should be separated orcut apart. The gardener should set theroot-ball into the hole and then begin tofill the hole with loose dirt. After fillingthe hole completely, he or she shouldmake sure to water the tree thoroughly,since new plantings require extra waterand extra care. After about three yearsthey become well rooted.EXERCISE 36.1: Answers1.2.3.4.5.was releasedwill be arrivinghave fallenspoke; were takinghas been fingerprinted; is waitingEXERCISE 36.2: AnswersNouns are set in italics; articles are setin boldface.1. Halloween; the; children; candy2. June; the; month; flooding; the; spring3. Baking; a; activity; households; the;country4. A; frost; the; ground; a; field; ice5. The; cyclist; an; car; a; lightEXERCISE 36.3: AnswersPronouns are set in italics; antecedentsare set in boldface.1. He; volunteers; themselves2. kinds; those; who; those; who3. Who; jeans; them; designer; himself;them4. employees; themselves; their5. everyone; yourEXERCISE 36.4: AnswersAdjectives are set in italics; adverbs areset in boldface.1. The small; frightened; firmly; my; an other; forward2. Meanwhile; the financial; completely; false3. generally; quiet; loud; grunting; mating4. The huge red; lovely; disappointingly5. The youngest; the; a brilliantEXERCISE 36.5: Answers1.2.3.4.5.of; from; throughfrom; across; intoInstead of; amongAfter; on; forabout; from; of; inEXERCISE 36.6: Answers1.2.3.4.5.after; and; both . . . and; sonot only . . . but alsohowever; soAlthough; sobecause; but; stillEXERCISE 37.1: AnswersComplete subjects are set in italics;simple subjects are set in boldface.1. That container of fried rice2. the new tour guide3. One student4. Japanese animation, with its cutting‑edgegraphics and futuristic plots5. Sniffer dogs trained to detect drugs,blood, and explosivesEXERCISE 37.2: AnswersPredicates are set in italics.1. is proud of his heritage: lv — is; sc —proud

Answers to Exercises in The Everyday Writer with Exercises2. made me angry: t v — made;do — me; oc — angry3. looks deserted: l v — looks; sc —deserted4. will never die: iv — will . . . die5. offered her a promotion: tv — offered;io — her; do — promotionEXERCISE 37.3: Answers1. app — the motel clerk; verbal(inf) — to be certified as a riverguide; prep — as a river guide2. verbal (part) — made by hand;prep — by hand3. abso — My stomach doing flips;verbal (part) — doing flips4. verbal (part) — Floating on myback; prep — on my back5. verbal (ger) — Driving across townduring rush hour; prep — acrosstown; prep — during rush hourEXERCISE 37.4: Answers1. ind — The hockey game was post poned; dep — because one of theplay ers collapsed on the bench;sub — because2. ind — She discovered the secret admirer; dep — who had been leavingnotes in her locker; rel — who3. dep — After completing threeadvanced drawing classes; subconj — after; ind — Jason was admitted into the fine arts program;ind — and he immedi ately rented asmall studio space4. ind — The test was easier;dep — than I had expected;sub — than5. ind — I could tell that it was goingto rain; dep — that it was going torain; rel — that; ind — so I tried toget home quicklyEXERCISE 37.5: Suggested Answers1. The economy, which had been in aserious downturn, gradually beganto recover.2. After hearing of an insurgent at tacknear her husband’s base station,Simone waited nervously by thephone.3. Because some parents had complained about the lack of securityon campus, new school safety ruleswere instituted this fall.4. Rob, who frequently left his walletat home, always borrowed moneyfrom friends.EXERCISE 37.6: Answers1.2.3.4.5.complexcompound (interrogative)complex (exclamatory)complex (imperative)compound-complexEXERCISE 38.1: Answers1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.let, came, tornreviewed, foundworksplanted, goneknew, ignoredpainted, takensprang, swamassumed, foundpassed, fallendecided, beenEXERCISE 38.2: Answers1.2.3.4.5.lieslaidsetsittingsitting, riseEXERCISE 38.3: Answers1. shows/has shown — present action;may be seen as having started inthe past and still ongoing2. have feared/have been fearing —action begun in the past continues3. emigrated — completed action4. has been — started in the past andstill ongoing5. will direct/will be directing — future(continuing) action6. ate/were eating — past action, com pleted7. will have received — future actioncompleted by a certain time8. will have watched — future actioncom pleted by a certain time9. expresses — literary work9

10 Answers to Exercises in The Everyday Writer with Exercises10. lasts — general truthEXERCISE 38.4: Answers1. When she saw Chicago, it madeher want to become an actress evenmore.2. Having left England in December, thesettlers arrived in Virginia in May.3. I had hoped to make the college football team, but injuries preventedme from trying out.4. Having worked with great dedicationas a summer intern at the magazine,Mohan called his former supervisorin the fall to ask about a permanentposi tion.5. As we waited for the bus, wewatched the taxis pass by.EXERCISE 38.5: Answers1. The lifeguard informed the surfers ofa shark sighting.2. A picture of Sam with huge earsand a pointy chin was sketched bythe cartoonist.3. The mother kangaroo pro tects herbaby, feeds it, and teaches it how tosurvive.4. Volunteers dressed as elves gave thegifts out to the children.5. The board members chose a new ad vertising company.EXERCISE 38.6: Answers1.2.3.4.5.was werewas were(correct)was wereremains remainEXERCISE 39.1: Answers1. Before the middle of the nineteenthcentury, surgery was usually aterrify ing, painful ordeal.2. Because anesthesia did not existyet, the only painkiller available forsurgi cal patients was whiskey.3. The pain of surgical procedurescould be so severe that many people were willing to die rather thanhave surgery.4. In 1846, one of the hospitals in Boston gave ether to a patient before hehad surgery.5. The patient, who had a large tumoron his neck, slept peacefully as doctors removed it.EXERCISE 39.2: AnswerHollywood is famous for hiring variousex perts to teach people technically whatmost of us learn informally. A case inpoint is the story about the children of onemovie cou ple who noticed a new childin the neigh borhood climbing a tree. Thechildren im mediately wanted to be giventhe name of his instructor in tree climbing.EXERCISE 40.1: dshideswascomescontributescauseleavesEXERCISE 40.2: Answers1. are is; Room and board is considered a singular unit2. tell tells; Goodfellas is singular, atitle3. is are; the subject, paintings, isplural4. (correct; Most refers to students)5. are is; the subject, Each, is singular6. were was; “neither/nor”7. were was; the subject, committee,is treated as singular8. (correct; who refers to one)9. was (second verb) were; that refers to countries10. involve involves; the subject,Eco nomics, is treated as singularEXERCISE 41.1: Answers1.2.3.4.Who (subjective)Whomever (direct object of chooses)whoever (subject of the clause)whom (object of preposition with)

Answers to Exercises in The Everyday Writer with Exercises5. Who (subjective)EXERCISE 41.2: Answers1.2.3.4.5.shethemmetheirweEXERCISE 41.3: Suggested Answers1. While shopping for a new computer for school, I noticed thatlaptops cost much less than theyused to.2. Congress usually resists presidential attempts to encroach on what itcon siders congressional authority.3. Marco and Ellen were each given achance to voice an opinion.4. Emergency room doctors need to beswift and decisive; they also need tobe calm and careful.5. Every dog and cat has its ownperson ality.EXERCISE 41.4: Suggested Answers1. All scholarship applicants must fillout a financial aid form, meet withthe dean, and write a letter to thecommit tee members. The deadlineis October 24, so applicants shouldstart the pro cess as soon as possible.2. Patients on medication may relatebetter to their therapists and bemore respon sive to them; these patients may also be less vulnerable towhat disturbs them.3. Ms. Dunbar wanted to speak to mymother before speaking to me.Ms. Dunbar wanted to speak to mymother before my mother spoke tome.4. Texans often hear about the influence of big oil corporations.5. Many residents were outraged by asmall band of protestors picketingthe new shopping center.The new shopping center, whichoutraged many residents, was picketed by a small band of protestors.EXERCISE 41.5: Suggested AnswerIn the summer of 2005, the NCAAbanned the use of mascots that couldbe consid e red offensive to NativeAmericans at any NCAA-sponsoredchampionship games. In order to un derstand why Native Americans feelthis issue is important, consider that,for years, movies and television programs portrayed Native Americansas savage warriors who were fearedand misunderstood. That stereotypical image of Native Americans is whatsome schools have chosen to use astheir mascot, a role typically playedby wild animals or fictional beasts.Derogatory terms for other ethnicgroups are never used for school mascots. In its new ruling, however, theNCAA asks schools to eliminate mascots that may be hurtful or offensive toAmerica’s In dian population.EXERCISE 42.1: Answers1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.nearly impossibleimmaturely behavingbad Norareally dangerousconfidently spokebadly bleedingwell ranterrific Arjungood stewaccurately measuredEXERCISE 42.2: Answers1. Alicia speaks both Russian andGerman, but she speaks Russianbetter.2. The summers are rainier in NewYork than they are in Seattle.3. He glanced at the menu and ordered the most expensive wine onthe list.4. Women tend to live longer thanmen; hence, more of the elderly arewomen.5. Minneapolis is the larger of theTwin Cities.6. She came up with a very silly planfor re venge.11

12 Answers to Exercises in The Everyday Writer with Exercises7.8.9.10.She came up with the silliest planfor revenge that I had ever heard.Our theater company has producedseveral of the most famous classicalGreek plays.The student cafeteria is operated bya college food service, which is partof a chain.It is safer to jog in daylight than inthe dark.Evan argued that subtitled filmsare more boring to watch than filmsdubbed in English.EXERCISE 42.3: THINKING CRITICALLY:AnswersAdjectives are set in italics; adverbs areset in boldface.graceful; softly; glowing; correctly; quietEXERCISE 43.1: Suggested Answers1. Relating her stories in a deadpanvoice, the comedian had the audience doubled over with laughter.2. News reports that emphasize random crime or rare diseases can increase a listener’s irrational fears.3. Studying legal documents and courtrecords from hundreds of years agoteaches us about everyday life forordinary peo ple in the Middle Ages.4. Civilians learn about the conflictfrom the firsthand accounts of journalists who risk their lives in warzones abroad.5. On a safari in Africa last spring,Melena saw lions in the wild.6. Doctors recommend a new, painless test for cancer.7. Every afternoon I find my windshield covered with flyers for freepizza.8. After the opening credits, screeching strings told the audience thatthe killer was coming.9. The coach awarded a medal madeof solid brass to the most valuableplayer.10. The five-year-old finally lost hertooth, which was hanging on by athread.EXERCISE 43.2: Suggested Answers1. The division that most profited deserves the prize.The division that profited deservesthe prize most.2. Apparently, the soldier was injuredby friendly fire.The soldier was injured, apparentlyby friendly fire.3. The art collector who originallyowned the painting planned toleave it to a museum.Originally, the art collector whoowned the painting planned toleave it to a mu seum.4. Alcoholics who frequently try toquit drinking on their own tend torelapse.Alcoholics who try to quit drinking on their own tend to relapsefrequently.5. Ever since I was a child, I have likedonly green peas with ham.Ever since I was a child, I haveliked green peas only with ham.EXERCISE 43.3: Suggested Answers1. Statistics tell us that strong economic times have led to increasesin the col lege dropout rate.2. Facing high levels of stress duringfinals, an otherwise honest studentmay consider cheating to achieve ahigher grade.3. The director encouraged us to applaud loudly and enthusiasticallyafter each scene.4. At the pinnacle of his career, MichaelJordan earned roughly 40 million ayear in endorsements.5. Because of the sudden trading, thestock exchange became a chaoticcir cus.EXERCISE 43.4: Suggested Answers1. No longer obsessed with being thefirst to report a story, news showsnow focus on presenting info

6 Answers t Eerses n The Everyday Writer with Exercises than the machines in our current facility. EXERCISE 32.1: Suggested Answers 1. Before buying a used car, you should note the mileage, take it for a test drive, and get it checked by a mechanic. 2. Three activities I'd like to try are mountain biking, cross-country ski-ing, and kayaking. 3.