Transcription
U.S. Departmentof TransportationAdvisoryCircularFederal AviationAdministrationAirframe andPowerplantMechanicsGeneral HandbookFirst Edition 1970First Revision 1976lncludes Change 1(Printed at the back of handbook)March 31,1999U.S. DEPARTMENT OF-TRANSPORTATIONFEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATIONFlight Standard Service
------------------------Mixed u m b e r s--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - -:- - - Decimals .Ratio .Proportion.Positive and Negative Numbers- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Powers and R o o t s - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ----------Computing the Volume of Solids - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Graphs and Charts- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Measurement Systems-----------Functions of NumbersCHAPTER 2. AIRCRAFT DRAWINGS-'-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - W- - - - - - - - - -Working Drawings .Care and Use of Drawings - - - - - - - - - . . - - - - - - - - Title B l o c k s - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bill of Material- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Other Data-------- --------2---Methods of Illustrating Objects- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ----------Reading Drawings- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - F-S-----------S-LDrawing Sketches- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - LDrawing Symbols--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Care of Drafting Instruments- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---Microfilm- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --
Loading Graplis and C. G. Envelopes- - - - - - - - - - - -:. . . .Electronic Weigh ngb q u p m e n t -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - .- Helicopter Weight and Balance - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .: - - CHAPTER 4. FUELS AND FUEL SYSTEMSGeneral - - - - - . - - - - . - .- - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Characteristics and Properties of Aviation Gasoline- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .' T u r b n eLnglne Fuels- . - - - - - - : - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .- - - - - - - . .Fuel Systen Contarn natlon- - - - - - - - -.-.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Fuel System - - . - . . . - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Fuel System Components --- - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - Fuel Systern Indicators.--. -.- - - - - - -- -.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . E,uel Systems- - - - -. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.- - - - - - - - - - - Multieng ieFuel Jettison Systems- - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -1- - Troubleshooting the Fuel Systeni- --------- --------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -7.FWF--------MC H A PTER 5. FLUID LI N E S A N D FITTINGSGeneral - - - - . . . - . . - . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pluni1)ing Lines- - - - .- - . . - - - - - - - - - - - . . - - -- -- -- -- --- - .Identification of IIaterials .- -------- ----Flexible IIose. - - - -- -.- - . - - - - - - . - -. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Plumbing Connectors - - . - - - - - - - - . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tube E orm ngProcesses- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -:Repair of Metal Tube Lines - - - - - -,- -------------- --------Fabrication ancl Replacement of Flexible Hose- - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .Installation of R l g dTubing- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Plun11)ing Assembly Precautions- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . - - - - - -- -- - - - - -- - ----- - - ----St pportClamps. . . - - . - - - - - -.- - - CHAPTER G. .4JRCK.4FT IIARDWA4RE,MATERIALS, ANDI'ROCESSESAircraft I l ardwarc. . . . . . . . . . . - - . - . . - - . - - - - - - .-. - - - - - Threaded Fasteners . - .- - .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Aircraft Bolts - - . . - . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Special-Pr rposeBolts - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - - Aircraft Nuts- - - -. -.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .Aircraft Wasllers- - - . . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Installation of Nuts and Bolts. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Torque and Torque Wrenches .------------- Aircraft Screws.-- . . . . - . - - - . - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Repair of Damaged Internal ThreadsRepair of Damaged Holes with Acres Fastners Sleeves ---------------Turnlocli Fasteners- - - . - i - - -.- .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Control Cables-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .- - - - - - - Push-Pull Tube Linkage- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .P ns:Safety Metllods. - - - .Rivets-. . . . - - - - - - - .- - -.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .- - - - - - - - - - Plastics. - - - - - . - . - - . - .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - c7.L -'Sllock A1)sorher Cord - - - -.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Seals- . . . . . . - . . - . . . - . - - . - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - Gaskets . . . . . . . - . . . - . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wipers- - - - - - . - . -.- - - - - - . - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.
Sealing. Compounds- - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,--- -- 169 Corrosion Control - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 171Forms of Corrosion - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 172173Factors Affecting Corrosion. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Preventive Maintenance- - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 173I n s p e c t i o n - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 174Corrosion-Prone Areas- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 174Corrosion Removal - - - - - - . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - I76Corrosion of Ferrous Metals- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -,---- ------177Corrosion of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 177Corrosion of Magnesium Alloys- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 179Treatment of Titanium and Titanium Alloys- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 180Protection of Dissimilar Metal Contacts-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 180. .Corrosion Llmlts- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - 180Processes and Materials Used in Corrosion Control- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 181- - - - - - .- - - - - - - - - - - - - Chemical Treatments- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 183.Protective Paint Finishes- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 185Aircraft Cleaning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185Interior Cleaning186Powerplant Cleaning-. . - -.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 188Solvent Cleaners - - - - . . - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - . - - - - - - - - - - - - 188Emulsion Cleaners- - - - . .- - .- - - - - - - .- . - - - - - - - - - .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 189-- ----------------189Soaps and Detergent Cleaners-- - - - Mechanical Cleaning Materials- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 190Chemica.1 Cleaners- - - -. - - - - - - - - - - . - - - . - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - 190Structural Metals--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 191193Metalworking Processes. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ferrous Aircraft Metals-, ,- -.- .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 194- --- -- -- ----197Nonferrous Aircraft Metals- - -.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .204Substitution of Aircraft Metals:- - - - - - - - - -- -.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .- - - .205Princtples of Heat Treatment- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 205Heat-Treating Equipment- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .- - - - - - - - - - 208Heat Treatment of Ferrous Metalsl - - - - -------- --------C a s e h a r d e n i n g - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - 211- - Heat Treatment of Nonferrous Metals- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 212Solution Heat Treatment- - - - - - -:.- -.- . - - . - - - - - - - - .- - . - - - - - '213. .214Preclpltatlon Heat Treating--- - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 216----Annealing of Aluminum Alloys- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 216Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Rivets--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.- - - - 216Heat Treatment of,Magnesium Alloys- - - - - - - - - - - -,- - . - .217Heat Treatmentof Titanium - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .\Hardness Testing - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 218CHAPTER 7. PHYSICS221General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Matter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -221----222Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P r e s s u r e - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 226. .KineticTheoryof.Gases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227Atmosphere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236., . .Bernoulll s Prlnclple- - - .-. - - - - - - - - - - - - - .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3c''--W-vii-F
Work, Power, and Energy- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Motion of Bodies - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---- - --- --.- - - - - - - - - -Current Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -------------------------Basic Circuit Components and Symbols- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ohm's Law- - - - - - - - - - - - - - .Series D.C. Circuits- - - - - - - - -,- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .Parallel D.C. Clrcults- - - - - .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .Series-Parallel D.C. Clrcmts- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .Voltage D v ders- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --- - - - - - - -- - Rheostat and Potentiometers--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---- ---------S---D.C. Generators- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Types of D.C. Generators- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - --- - -- ---- ---- - - Regulation of Generator Voltage--- ----- -Differential Relay Switch-. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Parallelling Generators- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - D.C. Generator Maintenance- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Voltage Regulator Operation- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ------------Brushless Alternator- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Combined A.C. and D.C. Electrical Systems- . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Starting EnginesTurboprop Engines- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Turbojet Engines-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - L - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - Electrical Power-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- Hydraulic Power - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - I- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Air Conditioning and Heating Units- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - , - - - - - - - - Ground Support Air Start Units-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- .Preolllng Equipment- - - - - - :- -- - - - - - - -- - - -- - -- - ---- ---- -- -- ----Aircraft Fueling- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - L - - - - - Fire .Recommended Markings to Indicate Extinguisher Suitability ---------Aircraft Fire ExtinguishersL------------------. . Aircraft with Oil-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ServicingMaintenance Safety- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Servicing Aircraft Oxygen Systems ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Aircraft Tiedown- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Securing Light Aircraft-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Securing Heavy Aircraft--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - Aircraft Tiedown for Storm Conditions-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -----------,-- - - - - - - - - - - W- - - - - - -
GENERAL INDEXabsolute humidity - 239absolute pressure 226acceleration -254AC circuits - 286,352,358Ohm's law relationships,-286, 352-358phase shift caused by capacitance- 352power 357resonance-357AC electricity -338-366frequency - 341-343phase relationships- 344sine wave -342values -343AC generator principles - 338AC induction motors - 451456capacitor-start -455consmction - 453direction of rotation 455rotating magnetic field 452shaded pole- 454single-phase-454slip - 453split-phase- 455three-phase - 452AC measuring instruments - 380AC motors -451460introduction- 451maintenance 459460S@of - 451types of - 452AC rec er meters - 381Acres sleeves 138. 139. 140AC series motors 458compensating windings 458AC synchronous motor - 456-457aerodynamic lift from reaction with atmosphere- 242air-conditioning and heating, ground support-496aircraft drawings - 35-39bill of materials- 37,38dash numbers -37types of -39aircraft electrical system, combined AC and DC - 415aircraft f r e extinguishers- 503aircraft flight manual - 54aircraft logs - 463aircraft movement - 517-523taxi hand signals 520-523taxiing - 519taxi light signals - 520towing - 517aircrafttifioperating limitations - 54aircraft oxygen system servicing 508aircraft refueling- 497-500fueling operations 498pressure &ling - 500refueling crew duties- 498aircraft securing 511-517aircraft on skis - 517heavy aircraft 512-----J-,----------------helicopters -516light aircraft-511multiengine aircraft 516seaplanes- 517storm conditions- 512aircraft servicing. oil 505Aircraft Specifications 54,56,57,59,60,61, 62.65aircraft tiedowns 508Aircraft Type Certificate Data Sheets -94 .aircraft weighing fonn 64aircraft weight and balance re-54Airloc fasteners- 142air start units. ground support 496Airworthiness Directives- 465alloys 196-204aluminum- 198-199copper-202-203magnesium - 204AI-g-183alternating current and voltage, principles 338alternator-rectifier unit 414alternators- 411-435brushless - 414constant-speed drive 423430frequency-417maintenance- 433434protectivecircuits 431rating-416single-phase- 412 s y n h r o dg 430three-phase-412two-phase-412W S of- 411alternator voltage regulation-417423magnetic amplifier voltage regulator-420-423transistorized voltage regulator 418altitude, pressure -242aluminurnalloy composition 199alloy designations -198alloying elements- 199annealing-216hardness identification 200heat treatment- 200.212-216heat treatment conditions- 215ammeter range extension 324ammeters-322ammeter shunts- 324-325amplifier, magnetic -364-365amplifier, voltage 89aneroid-type fuel pressure gage- 92m&galuminurn alloys - 216steel 211anodizing- 183antiknock qualities of fuel 75'-------area.-computation 15in hydraulic system, computation- 233-234
GENERAL INDEXof a circle- 18,33of a rectangle 16of a square- 16of a trapezoid 19of a triangle 16,18of awing- 19surface, of a cylinder- 2 iarm-54armature assembly, DC motor 444-445annature, DC generator 39 1armature reaction -397aromatic fuels - 74assembly drawings 35ATA Specifications No. 100- 466-468'atmosphere -236-242composition- 236general conditions 236physical laws -240standard 241water content 239atmospheric density- 238atmospheric pressure 226.238atmospheric pressure effect m hydraulic systematmospheric variation from standard day 242atom, description- 267automobile fuel - 74auxiliary fuel pump - 82,85aviation gasoline - 73,76Avogadro's law -230backup rings 168ballastcontrolling c.g. position with -67installation of - 67Barcol hardness tester 220bar graph - 24bathtub capacitor 349batteries 306-316lead-acid-307-313nickel-cadmium 313-316storage - 306battery charging and servicing, nickel-cadmiumbattery charging methods, lead-acid 311battery ratings, lead-acid - 310bellows-type fuel pressure gage - 92benzol- 73Bernoulli's principle 236,242bill of materials, aircraft drawings 37,38bismuth - 302bladder-typefuel cells 83bleeder current- 294blind rivet 155blueprint paper sizes 37bolt-head identification marks - 122bolts 122-126clevis 123close-tolerance-123eyebolts 123general purpose- 122identification and coding -122,123internal wrenching 123SO-Bolts - 123-------------235-----------------lockbolts 123Boots self-locking nuts 127Bourdon tube-type fuel pressure gage - 92Boyle's law 228breakdown voltage test - 331bridge circuit- 89bridge-type rectifier 377Brinell hardness tester 218broken lime graph- 24brushless alternator 414bulletins, service -464bungee cord 166buoyancy -224cable, control - 143-144fittings -144cable, tiedown 5 10calipers, micrometer- 544-547calorie -257Calorie (large calorie) -257Carnlockfasteners -142cancellation of fractions 4capacitance, factors affecting 347capacitance, principles-347capacitivereactance- 351-352in series and parallel circuits 352capacitor dielectric constant 348capacitor dielectric strength 351capacitors 346-352bathtub- 349dry electrolytic-348mica- 348O?348paper -348types of -348voltage rating - 351wet electrolytic 348capacitors connected inseries and parallelcapacitor-start AC induction motor- 455carbon-pile voltage regulator 399carburetor- 85,86carburetor icing - 74carb*g- 212casehardening 212carburizing 212nitriding 212catalog, illustrated parts - 465category, normal- 56cells, fuel 83center of gravity- 53-71empty-weight -56, 57.59, 63.71envelopes -69.70limit - 59range -54chain, tiedown- 511Charles' law - 229chart, horsepower vs. altitude 25charts 23C h e q h c k rivets - 157chisels- 535chord, mean aerodynamic 57chromic acid inhibitor 184-314-316-------------
GENERAL INDEX&clearea - 18,33circumference- 18.33circle graph -24circuit breakers- 317See electrical circuitscircular mil -274cjpxlar motion -255c cumferenceof a circle -18,33clean fuel- 80cleaning agents 186-190aircraft- 185cleaning, interior- 186cleaning, powerplant 188cleaning oxygen systems -189cleaning solvents - 188-190clear fuel -80C1evi.s bolt- 123coefficient of expansion - 261chart- 261@ld weather suggestions - 525cold working metal 194 l ocode,r electrical resistor- 279-281color code for plumbing - 100coloring, food- 80ombination sets - 543common fractions- 2-5,8-9addition and subtraction- 2cancellationof - 4converting to decimal fractions -8division -4expressed as percentage- 9multiplication - 4multiplication using cancellation -4commutator, DC generator -392compass, pencil - 544compensating windings, AC series motors - 458compound-woundDC generator - 395compound-wound DC motors - 447condenser, electrical 89@nduction, thermal 257conductors, electrical 276cone-type fuel selector valve -87connectors, plumbing- 103constant-speeddrive, altemator-423-430contaminants in fuel, solid - 79contaminationcontrol -81contamination,fuel system- 78-81detection- 80continuous curved-linegraph - 24control cable- 143-144fittings - 144convection- 258cqnversioncustomary to metric- 29fractions, decimals, miuieters - 30metric to conventional -28,298temperature- 29,226conversion table, metric system - 298copper and copper alloys- 199.202-203corrosion- 171-185----aluminurn alloys 177-178control- 171 'd i e t chemical attack -171dissimilar metal - 172electrochernical attack -172factors affecting-173ferrous metal -177fretting -173intergranular- 172limits 180magnesium alloys- 179-180preventive maintenance- 173-174protection against- 180removal- 176removal chart- 184stress-172surface- 172titanium- 180corrosion-proneareas -174-175corrosion protection -180-185Alodiziig -183an&ing - 183chromic acid inhibitor- 184electroplating - 182metal finishing- 181metal spraying - 182Parco Lubriziing - 183sprotective paint f l e 185corrosion removal- 176.184chart-184cotter pin installation- 150cotter pins - 145counter EMF in a DC motor 447countersinks- 541-542cowling fasteners-142Camloc- 142Dzus -141crossfeed-typefuel system- 93crossfiling- 537cube of a number -33cube root of a number - 33cube, volume of a - 21nnrent, bleeder- 294current flow, electrical- 272cutting tools, plier-type- 530cylinder-21-22volume of a -21,22cylinder displacement-22Dalton's law - 230-231D'Arsonval meters-322-331damping, 324sensitivity - 324dash numbers, aircraft drawing 37data sheets, weight and balance 71datum - 54.55. 61.64locations- 55DC circuits- 286-296parallel - 290series- 286-289sexies-parallel- 292-----
GENERAL INDEXDC generator - 387411armature 391m a t u r e reaction- 397brush maintenance 405commutator- 392compound-wound 395consrnction - 390-393equalizer circuit -404-405field control- 403field frame- 390inspection -404maintenance-404411operation 406overvoltage control- 403paralleling- 403negative lead paralleling -403positive lead paralleling- 403404ratings- 398series-wound-394shunt-wound- 394terminals 398theory of operation 387three-wire 396troubleshooting- 408411types - 394-396voltage regulation 398voltage regulator operation- 407DC motor-438451armature assembly 4 4 4 4 5compound-wound 447construction -4 4 4 4 5controlling motor speed - 448counter EMF- 447developing torque 440end frame- 445energy losses - 450field assembly- 445force between parallel conductors - 439reversing motor direction- 448series-wound- 445shunt-wound- 446types of 4 4 5 4 7decimal fractions- 5-9addition -5converting to common fractions - 7division 6expressed as percentage- 9multiplication- 6rounding off -7subtraction -Sdenominator, least common- 3density - 28,222,238atmospheric- 238detail drawings-35detail view, aircraft drawing- 39,41detection, contamination in fuel - 80detonation-74-75Deutsch rivet- 162dew point- 240diagrams -4649installation- 46.47---.--------schematic- 46,48types of -46diamagnetic material 302dielectric- 89dielectric constant, capacitor- 348dielectric strength, capacitor- 351differential relay switch - 402Dill rivet -162diode- 367.370-380junction - 375semiconductor- 370,375vacuum tube- 367 e n er 371disk-type valve -87dissimilar metal corrosion -172distance-volume relationship in hydraulicsystem dividers- 544drafting instruments, care of -50drawfiling-537drawing - 35-52aircraft - 35.39assembly- 35break lines 45care and use of -36center lines- 43cutting plane lines 45dash numbers - 37detail -35detail view - 39-41diiensioning holes 45dimension limes- 43exterior half-view-41finish marks -38half section - 40.42hidden lines -45installation- 36leader lines 45meaning of lines - 42.44notes - 38number- 37one-view 41orthographic projection- 39outline or visible lines -45phantom lines - 45pictorial - 39print number - 37reading of 45reference number-37removed section -42,43revolved section - 42.43sectioning lines -45sectional view -40sketches - 49station numbers - 38stitch limes 45symbols - 50title blocks 36tolerances 39viewing plane lines - 45working -35zone numbers -38.'-------
GENERAL INDEXdrills -538541,549sharpening - 541size chart -540speed chart-549twist drills- 538drive screws 136dye-penetrant inspection -477479false indications 478interpretation of results - 478DZUSfasteners -141eddy current testing - 485elastic stop nut -128electrical circuits - 274-297,315-320,332-338,352,358. Seeako ACcircuits; DC circuitsanalysis and troubleshooting - 332-338components and symbols- 274conductors- 276protection and control devices -315sources of power -275troubleshooting- 332-338voltage dividers- 294electrical components 276-282,296-297,315-320,358,365-373circuit breakers-317fuses-317magnetic amplifiers- 364-365Microswitch -319potentiometer- 296relay 319resistor - 277-282rheostat- 296saturablereactors --365switches- 317-318thermal protectors- 317transformers-358-364tran istors-369-373vacuum tubes- 366-369electrical connectors, safetying -147electrical current effect 320-322chemical -320electromagnetic- 321photoelectric-321physiological- 321piezoelectric-322thermal -322electrical instruments 320-332.380-386AC-380-386AC rectifier type-381ammeters -322D'Arsonval type- 322DC - 320electrodynamometerammeters -3 1electrodynamometertype- 381electrodynamometer voltmeters- 382'frequency meters - 385 lineclcoil iron-vane type- 383moving iron-vane type -382multimeters- 325-326ohmmeters -329thermocoupletype 384varmeters- 384vibrating reed frequency meters -385-------voltmeters- 327-329.334.382wattmeters -384electrical power, ground support- 495electrical resistor color code -279-281electrical symbols - 5 4 5 2electricity. static- 268,269el4ynamometerammeters -38138 1meter moveme*voltmeters- 382electromagnetic effect of electrical cment -321electromagnetism- 303-306electromotive force- 271electronic filters -378-380electron movement - 267,272electroplating - 183electrostatic field - 269-271EMF, counter, in a DC motor - 447empty weight - 53.56.63. 71empty-weight center of graviv - 56-57,59,63-64.71range -57,59end frame, DC motor-445energy 249,253definition -- 253forms of - 253engine fres, extinguishing -491engine instrument, engine gage unit - 92engine starting - 489-495reciprocating engines -489turbojet engines-492-495turboprop engines 491492English measurement system- 27,223English-metric measurement comparison- 223entrained water- 78equalizer circuit, DC generator- 404405equation of state of gases -241ethyl gasoline- 75expansion, thermal- 260expansion space, fuel tanks -82extinguishingengine fires - 491extreme conditions, weight and balance -65eyebolt- 123Federal Air Regulations- 94,465ferrous m e d corrosion - 177field assembly, DC motor - 445field control, DC generator- 403field frame, DC generator - 390fields, magnetic -304files- 536-538care of - 538flat - 536half-round- 537knife- 537mill 536rattail - 536round - 536square-536warding -537wood -537f n g 537crossfiing - 537-"--.--
GENERAL INDEXdrawfiling -537lathe filing - 537removing burrs - 537routlding corners - 537film processing , radiographic inspection- 479filter, metallic- 79filters, electronic- 378-380frnish marks, aircraft drawings - 38fire -491,500-507elements of -501engine- 491types of - 500fire extinguisheraircraft- 503ground- 505,506.507location iden cation -504marking - 504safety factors-505fire extinguishingtifielements- 501.502toxicity table - 502fue extinguishment- 501-fire protection recommendations 187fire safety -97, 187,505fit classification for threaded fasteners -121fittingscontrol cable - 144flareless tube - 108, 112, 117fluid lime- 103-108flapper valve-85flat files- 536flathead pins - 145flexible connectors, fluid lime --l08flexible hosefabrication- 114-115installation -115-116flight manual, aircraft-54flowmeter, fuel - 90-91.93fluid linefittings - 103-108identification - 102inspection- 117installation -118repair -113tube bendiig - 109-110tube cutting - 109tube flaring- 111tube forming - 108flux, magnetic- 299-302food coloring 80foot-pounds- 28forc4?electromotive- 271in hydraulic system, computation- 233mec anical-232mu
Airframe and Powerplant Mechanics General Handbook First Edition 1970 First Revision 1976 lncludes Change 1 (Printed at the back of handbook) March 31,1999 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF-TRANSPORTATION FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION Flight Standard Service
