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Toward CompetentComputer Science GraduatesMAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Rajendra K. RajRochester Institute of Technologyrkr@cs.rit.eduToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 1
Acknowledgements Allen Parrish, University of Alabama Work in progress Lead PI, NSF IUSE ICT Grant CC2020 Co-Chair Amruth N. Kumar, Ramapo Collegeof NJ Co-Chair, ACM/IEEE-CS/AAAICS202X Task Force John Impagliazzo, Hofstra University Larry Jones, SEI/Air Force Academy Barbara Price, Georgia SouthernUniversity (Retired)Professional Competencies in Computing Education :Pedagogies and AssessmentRajendra K. RafMihaela Sabin tJohn Impagliazzo tRochester Institute ofTechnologyRochester, Y, USArkr@cs.rit.eduUniversity of ew HampshireManchester, NH, USAmihaela.sabin@unh.eduHofstra UniversityHempstead, NY, USAjohn.impagliazzo@hofstra.eduDavid BowersMats DanielsFelienne HermansThe Open UniversityMilton Keynes, UKdavid.bowers@open.ac.ukUppsala UniversityUppsala, Swedenmats.daniels@it.uu.seLeiden UniversityLeiden, The ethe rlandsf.f.j.hermans@liacs.leidenuniv.nlNatalie KiesterAmruth N. KumarRamapo College of NJBonnie MacKellarJustus Liebig UniversityGiessen, GermanyNatalie.Kiesler@hrz.uni-giessen.deMahwah, J, USAamruth@ramapo.eduSt.John's Universityew York,, USAmackellb@stjohns.eduRene McCaul ySyed Waqar NabiMicha I OudshoornCollege of CharlestonCharleston, SC, USAmcca uleyr@ ofc.eduUniversi ty of GlasgowGlasgow, UKSyed. abi@g lasgow.ac.ukHigh Point UniversityHigh Point, C, USAmoudshoorn@highpoint.edu Mihaela Sabin, University of NewHampshireToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 2
Brief Bio Middleware expertise 9 years of software development and managementbuilding private cloud infrastructures for near-real-timeglobal financial applications Recent research Applying data science and cybersecurity to criticalinfrastructure protection Computing education ABET’s Computing Accreditation Commission (CAC) CAC Criteria Committee Chair 2016-19, CAC Chair-Elect ACM/IEEE-CS/AAAI CS202X Task Force Co-Chair Decennial rewrite of Computer Science curricular guidelines,probably to be released 2024?Toward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 3
Motivators for Ongoing Work Societal changes, pre- and post-pandemic Competency-based certificates and education Stackable credentials Competence of Computer Science graduates Changes in computing education CS202X Curricular Guidelines Task Force Employer needs to drive curricular change NSF IUSE (Institutional & Community Transformation)Grant U Alabama, GWU, Mississippi State U, Purdue, RIT, Tuskegee,UNH, and UIUC, with Shelton State Community College Awards 2111435, 2110771, 2110815, 2110823, 2110788,2111157, 2111097, 2110850 Support a much more diverse student body and workforceToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 4
To build sustainable software, youneed competent programmers!Underlying AssumptionToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 5
Competence? Dictionary definitions Possession of sufficient knowledge or skill Important skill needed to do a job Quality of being adequately or well qualifiedphysically and intellectuallyToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 6
2021/US Secondary & Post-Secondary Credentials US has 967,734 unique credentials Postsecondary institutionsCounting U.S. Postsecondaryand Secondary CredentialsFebruary 2021 359,713 degrees andcertificates MOOC providers 9,390 certificates, microcredentials, and foreign onlinedegrees Non-academic providers 549,712 badges, certificates,licenses, certifications, andapprenticeships S Secondary schools i owww creden alengme.orgToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021 48,919 diplomas from publicand private secondary schoolsSlide 7
Stackable CredentialsCompetency-Based Education Competence, one bite at a time Many institutions are developing“pathway” programs BYU-Pathway Colorado State Global Purdue Global Western Governors University Wichita State University And many others Students complete several certificatestoward a full degree If education is disrupted, thestudent retains certificates aspartial successes Industry engagement can lead tocredential acceptance forcertain types of employment Some employers have also enteredthis spaceToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 8
d-technologyBYU Pathways – ExampleBachelor of Science of Applied TechnologyProgram RequirementsComplete three certificates as described below, plus additional requirements.COMPLETE ONE OF THEFOLLOWING CERTIFICATESCOMPLETE ONE OF THEFOLLOWING CERTIFICATESCOMPLETE ONE OF THEFOLLOWING CERTIFICATES13-16 CREDITS13-1S CREDITS1S CREDITSComputer SupportDatabaseDatabaseWeb and Computer ProgrammingSystem AdministrationSystem AdministrationWeb DevelopmentWeb DevelopmentNote: Web and Computer Programming must be completed before taking Web Development.To complete a bachelor's degree, the following courses are required in addition to the certificates stated above:COMPLETE THE FOLLOWINGADDITIONAL COURSES: Senior Project or Internship . 3 CREDITS(CIT 490 or CIT 498)Toward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021COMPLETE THE FOLLOWINGADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS: General Education Courses. . . . . 38-39 CREDITS Electives . . . . APPROXIMATELY 30 CREDITSSlide 9
stackable-credentialsCSU Global – ExampleBACHELOR'S EXAMPLESExample: Information TechnologyIT Project ManagementIT SecurityIT Healthcare/DataBachelor's Degree in IT CoreCoursesBachelor's Degree in IT GenEd Courses31 CreditsCertificate in Cyber Security18 CreditsSpecialization in CriminalForensics15 CreditsSpecialization in EmergencyManagement15 CreditsToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 10
Competence needs to be atransferable currencyTo support flexible pathwaysToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 11
Drilling Down IntoCompetent ComputerScience GraduatesWhere We Are and Where We Need To GoToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 12
ion/cs2013 web final.pdf, PDF Page 30ACM/IEEE-CS CS2013 Curricular GuidelinesCS2013190 .AL-Algoritlnns and ComplexityAR-Architecture and OrganizationC -Computational Science010347OS-Operating Sy tems-····---6911. 00. 4343. 33. 88.-11-.10.15.18.-101015180224738310SP-Social Issues and Professional Practice119516514331.--. -.--- -- -2118All Tierl All Tier2 TotalAll Tierl 90% of Tier2 TotalAll Tierl 80% of Tier2 Total3621SF-Systems FundamentalsTotal Core Hours31206PL-Programming Languages-10SE-Software Engineering.Core---SDF-Software Development FundamentalsPD-Parallel and Distributed ComputingToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021405843PED-Platform-based Development computersociety36IS-Intelligent SystemsC- etworking and Communication . IEEE16IM-Infonnation Management--I S-Information Assurance and SecurityIEEE31372 .43 .1···- 9041IDS-Discrete StructuresHCI-Human-Computer InteractionCoreTierl Tier2Knowledge AreaGV-Graphics and VisualizationCS2008 CC2001"- :.-----1616290280308293.7279.4Slide 13----
ion/curricula-recommendations/cc2020.pdfToward Competence Knowledge "know-what" Skills "know-how" [Professional] Dispositions "know-why”Competency [Knowledge Skills Dispositions]in TaskKnowledgeTaskSkills·role l/f»I'ob/«tlllff .IEEE IEEE computersocietyToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 14
George E. Miller. 1990. The assessment of clinical skills/competence/performance. Acad. Medicine69 (1990), S63–S67. Issue 9 Suppl. Subha Ramani and Sam Leinster. 2008. AMEE Guide no. 34: teaching in the clinical environment.Medical Teacher 30, 4 (2008), 347–364. re Professional Competence:Captured by [Amended] Miller’s Pyramid KnohoU p r le els, re lee eh ior , descri ipea ed pract ce to con ol id e anprofe ional co pe en Lo e level re lee Bloom com e e 1e ,de r 1n ac ui i ion and a lica io oo led e (k owled e a d ski ll)KnoToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 15
Lee S. Shulman. 2005. Signature Pedagogies in the Professions.Daedalus 134, 3, pp. 52–59. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20027998Signature Pedagogies and Competence Capture how to prepare future practitioners inprofessional programs Meet academic standards of the program Shape character of future practice Convey its values and expectations Three dimensions of student competencies Think like a professional Perform like a professional Act responsibly and with integrityIs Computing a Profession?Toward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 16
Assessing Computing Competencies Assessment of knowledge Been done forever Assessment of computing skills Sparingly done in isolation Assessment of professional dispositions Most challenging still Formative versus summative Assessment of workplace competencies Ultimate context for skills dispositions Internships/placements/co-op programs Employer-led competency frameworksToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 17
Current Status of This Vision Background preparation Employer-Academia Workshop, October 2020 Kicked off NSF IUSE ICT Grant, June 2021 Launched CS202X Task Force, May 2021 Challenges and opportunities Inertia to change Employer-academia relationships Barriers to real-world experiences Teaching and assessing competencies Needs of a diverse workforce Rapid developments in the credential spaceToward Competent CS Graduates/MAGIC–NITRD/July 07, 2021Slide 18
"Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendationsexpressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do notnecessarily reflect the views of the Networking and InformationTechnology Research and Development Program."The Networking and Information Technology Research and Development(NITRD) ProgramMailing Address: NCO/NITRD, 2415 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, VA 22314Physical Address: 490 L'Enfant Plaza SW, Suite 8001, Washington, DC 20024, USA Tel: 202-459-9674,Fax: 202-459-9673, Email: nco@nitrd.gov, Website: https://www.nitrd.govNITRD
Hofstra University Hempstead, NY, USA john.impagliazzo@hofstra.edu Felienne Hermans Leiden University Leiden, The etherlands f.f.j.hermans@liacs.leidenuniv.nl Bonnie MacKellar St.John's University . Mailing Address: NCO/NITRD, 2415 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, VA 22314
