Transcription
Image: BOWLImage: BOWLFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind FarmR. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub General Assembly, 08th November 2018
ContentsIntroduction to BeatriceFoundation Design Challenges Site characterisation Pile design Jacket design Fabrication approach Installation considerations Other challengesConclusionsFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Introduction
Overview588MW offshore wind farm in the MorayFirthClean electricity for 450,000 homesOverall project 2.6bnImage: BOWLSite:Circa 13km offshore132km2Water depths 35-55m LATScotland’s largest offshore wind farm!Image: BOWLFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
OverviewOffshore structures84no. 7MW wind turbine generators (WTGs)2no. offshore transformer modules (OTMs)Image: BOWLFoundations jackets on driven piles86 jackets; 85,000 tonnes344 piles; 14km total length; 44,000 tonnesDeepest offshore wind fixed structures inthe worldImage: Siemens UKFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
110WTG154JacketImage: Hufton Crow 55Gherkin, 180Heron Tower,230 45Image: WikimediaPilesFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
EPCI 91 inter-arraycablesSIEMJackets: Bladt,Smulders,BiFabFabrication:SHLBOWLPiles: EEW,SIFEPCI 84 WTGfoundationsInstallation: SHLT&I 2 OTM andfoundationsDesign: AtkinsEPC 2 OTM andfoundationsDesign: AtkinsSTDLSSE Offshore Wind AllianceFramework of key suppliers designed toaddress the key challenges of Round 3offshore wind and drive efficiencies in SSE'soffshore wind programme.Collaborative work through Concept andFEED between Developer, WTG and OSPSupplier, Installation contractor, Fabricatorand Designer.Feb2009 T2012EPCI export cables201320142015FEEDEPCI 84 WTGAtkinsGI, soilparameters fordesign2016CfDQualifiedCfD Consent s StartStartDETAILED DESIGNFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018PilingComplete2018FirstTurbines geneStart rationINSTALLATION2019FullGenerationOPERATION
Foundation DesignChallenges
Site Characterisation
Vast siteImage: GoogleFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Available data - onshoreImage: BGSFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Available data - offshoreImage: BGSFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Phased investigationGeophys, 5 BHPrelim GMDesk studyReview GMInterim GIUpdate GMFinal GMCompletion GIBeatrice Farm Layout with Clusters & Water Depth64660006465000(BE-G14, -54.9)6464000(BE-J13, -54.2)(BE-H13, -53.4)(BE-K12, -53.1)(BE-G13, -53.4)6463000(BE-J12, -52.2)(BE-F13, -54.2)(BE-L11, -52.4)(BE-H12, -51.8)6462000(BE-K11, -52.0)(BE-G12, -50.5)(BE-K10, -51.5)(BE-G11, -51.1)(BE-K9, -48.6)(BE-J9, -47.8)(BE-J7, -42.7)(BE-F8, -45.7)(BE-J6, -41.5)(BE-H6, -40.0)SpareNOTES:1. All Water depths are relative to (mLAT)2. Names and locations taken fromLF000005-MAP-091(BE-G5, -39.7)(BE-F5, -39.7)(BE-H4, -41.1)(BE-E5, -40.4)(BE-G4, -38.6)(BE-D5, -41.9)(BE-F4, -40.4)(BE-C5, -40.4)Locations in each Cluster:(BE-H5, -41.9)(BE-D6, -42.2)(BE-C6, -41.4)6452000(BE-J5, -41.4)(BE-E6, -40.7)(BE-B6, -44.0)Cluster5(BE-G6, -40.2)(BE-F6, -41.6)(BE-C7, -42.3)6453000(BE-K6, -44.6)(BE-G7, -41.2)(BE-F7, -42.5)(BE-E7, -43.7)(BE-B7, -46.4)Cluster4OTM Location(BE-H7, -42.5)(BE-E8, -46.0)(BE-D8, -43.8)(BE-D7, -44.0)6454000Cluster3(BE-K7, -44.3)(BE-G8, -45.2)(BE-D9, -44.4)(BE-C9, -45.5)(BE-C8, -43.3)Cluster2(BE-L7, -44.5)(BE-H8, -44.2)(BE-E9, -46.0)6455000Cluster1(BE-J8, -45.5)(BE-F9, -49.0)6458000NORTHING(BE-K8, -47.6)(BE-G9, -49.9)(BE-D10, -45.3)6456000(BE-L8, -47.8)(BE-H9, -47.8)(BE-E10, -46.6)6457000(BE-L9, -49.4)(BE-H10, -49.6)(BE-G10, -49.4)(BE-F10, -48.2)6459000(BE-M9, -49.0)(BE-J10, -49.5)(BE-E11, -46.6)(BE-D11, -50.1)Cluster 1 27 WTGs 1 OTMCluster 2 21 WTGs 1 OTMCluster 3 20 WTGsCluster 4 10 WTGsCluster 5 6 WTGs(BE-E4, -40.7)(BE-B5, -39.7)(BE-G3, -40.5)(BE-D4, -39.4)(BE-A5, -47.7)6451000(BE-L10, -49.6)(BE-H11, -50.2)(BE-F11, -48.8)6460000(BE-M10, -49.9)(BE-J11, -50.8)(BE-F12, -48.6)(BE-E12, -52.9)6461000(BE-C4, -38.1)Total 84 WTGs 2 OTMs(BE-F3, -38.7)Spares 2 locations not used(BE-E3, -38.6)(BE-D3, -38.2)(BE-F2, -40.2)6450000Date: 19/04/2016(BE-E2, -38.2)6449000(BE-E1, -38.9)6448000499000 500000 501000 502000 503000 504000 505000 506000 507000 508000 509000 510000 511000 512000 513000 514000EASTING2011201220142015DETAILED DESIGN2016Lab testsSamplingCPTCONCEPT2013FEEDImages: BOWL/ Fugro/ AtkinsRoutineFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018Advanced
Pile Design Process
LoadingRelatively small vertical loadLarge horizontal loads from wind, wavesand currentsWindWTGHigh overturning moment at mudlineResisted by piles in ‘push / pull’Piles work in compression & tensionCyclicJacketWave ¤tSmall selfweightLargemomentPush-pull(compressiontension in piles)PilesFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Pile axial capacityNeed efficiency & reliabilityWhich method?Pile Tensile Capacity (MN)Optimisedpile amageOptimisedCAPEXReducedinstall. riskReducedinstall. timePile penetraion (m bml)Efficient &reliable piledesign16182022ICP-05UWA-05NGI-05DNV / APILoad510Optimisedsafety140Reliablelevel ofsafetyReducednoise215202530356m difference betweenICP-05 and DNV / API40Foundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 201824
Jacket Design Process--Clustering approachStructural analyses
Foundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Design ProcessCoupledAnalysisUncoupledAnalysisAFC DesignBookendingSiteVariances inClusterInclusive of allcontributorsFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Design Process: Coupled AnalysisPre-processing:› 1,000 wave loading simulationsSWP Analysis:› Up to 20,000 combined wave turbine simulationsPost-processing (Retrieval):› 300 critical ULS simulations› 232 FLS simulations› Code checkingFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Baseline:As per CADeep Water:5% WTG contingencyWater depth uncertaintyShallow Water:Short stickupStiff soil5% WTG contingencyWater depth uncertaintyFLS:Baseline:As per CADeep Water:5% WTG contingency Water depth uncertaintyShallow Water:Short stickupStiff soil5% WTG contingency Water depth uncertaintyFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018Enveloping FactorsULS:Enveloping FactorsDesign Process: Uncoupled Analysis
Design Process: AFC DesignTP & JointFEMT&I & VIVDamageUncoupledAnalysisFactorsWeld RootAssessmentAttachments[sympatheticloading]Joint AxialStressPrimarySteelAFCFactor for allFLS casesFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Fabrication
Beatrice Foundation FabricatorsImage: GoogleFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Design for Serial FabricationCommon TP & Upper JacketImage: SmuldersImage: SmuldersCluster Specific Lower JacketFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Installation
1kmStratum IIIMajor geological faultPile Installation risksStratum ISeabedStratumIIStratum IVBouldersStratum IVStratumIVBedrock horizonsHorizons withinStratum IVStrong and laterally traceable seismicreflectorsIdentified in intact Lower CretaceousVariable in lateral extentSome have corresponding evidence in theborehole dataSome relate to sandstone bedsFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018Horizons withinStratum IV
MitigationRemediation drive-drill-driveDerive method to assessReduction of capacity from drillingShaft friction increase from ageing that can be relied uponCapacity gain from concrete plugAnalyse impact of drilling at varying depthswith and without concrete plugInstallation contractor has clear pre-definedscenarios to know instantly whether:Pile must be abandoned,Pile can be saved with a concrete plugPile does not require a concrete plugFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Jacket Installation Transportation fatigue Upending vs vertical towing Installation vessel limits Early age cycling Safe access Walk to work systems Evacuation proceduresImage: SHLImage: Ian GreenwoodFoundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Conclusions
Conclusions› Multi-disciplinary approach required to manage risk and optimisestandardisation› Good design should consider:› Variable site conditions› Fabrication approach› Installation approach› Project programme› Through life user safety› Innovation, collaboration and adaptability are key to future success ofindustry.Foundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Successes to date› Design AFC and certification toprogramme› Pile installation completedDecember 2017› Jacket installation completed July2018› First power generation July 2018Image: BOWL› Fully operational in 2019Foundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Thank youAll images Atkins unless otherwise stated.Foundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean – SUPERGEN Wind Hub GeneralAssembly, 08th November 2018
Foundation Design for the Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - R. McLean -SUPERGEN Wind Hub General Assembly, 08th November 2018. Successes to date ›Design AFC and certification to programme ›Pile installation completed December 2017 ›Jacket installation completed July 2018
