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Historical News Rock1932 Year-IN-Review: National NewsFRD Rides Wave ofReform to White HouseBy Jeffrey BusztaThe protesters set up villagesmade of cardboard boxes andcalled them “Hoovervilles.”New York Governed Franklin D.Roosevelt swept into officedefeating incumbent PresidentHerbert Hoover. Roosevelt won472 electoral votes to Hoover’s59.Roosevelt was challenged byformer NY Governer Al Smithand Speaker of the House JohnNance Garner for the DemocraticNomination. Roosevelt had amajority of delegates through thefirst three ballots, but did not getthe 2/3’s needed for nomination.President Hoover only won sixstates, Maine, New Hampshire,Vermont, Pennsylvania, RhodeIsland and Deleware.Roosevelt also won the popularvote, 22, 921, 277-15, 761, 254.President Elect Franklin RooseveltVice President Elect John GarnerRoosevelt, a Democrat, waselected with John Nance Garner,who will be the new VicePresident.The country turned on Hooverafter the stock market crash in1929. People began wondering ifthe man who saved Europe afterWorld War I would be able tohelp his own countryman.The turning point in the electionmay have been when WWIveterans, known as the “BonusArmy” marched on Washington,D.C. and Hoover called the U.S.Army to remove the protesters.Outgoing President Herbert HooverChief Justice LaysComer Stone for NewSupreme Court Buildingthey could to hear their cases andwork. Work began in 1932 on anew permanent home for theCourt. It is estimated to becompleted in 1935 the exact dateis not accounted for yet.Chief Justice Charles EvansHughes laid the cornerstone forthe building on Oct. 13, 1932.Funding was received after thearguments in front of Congress ofthen-Chief Justice WilliamHoward Taft.Chief Justice Charles Evans HughesBy Taylar SainFor the past 142 years, theSupreme Court of the United Stateshad to find space whereverThe building is needed becausethere is no place for the judges tohave court and they being thehighest court it makes more sensefor them to have a court of theirown.Outgoing Vice President CharlesCurtisBefore the fourth ballot,Roosevelt’s managers struck adeal with Garner in which Garnerwould withdraw and ask hisdelegates to support Roosevelt.Roosevelt won the nomination onthe fourth ballot. The conventionnamed Garner as the VicePresidential candidate.At the Republican convention,President Hoover won nominationon the first ballot gaining 98% ofthe delegates. Sen. John Blaineand former senators JosephFrance and James Wadsworth Jr.gave Hoover a token fight for thenomination.

Historical News Rock1932 Year-IN-Review: International NewsGroup Attemptsto OverthrowStalinSaudi Arabia Unified!By Alexandria McGeeThe Ryutin Affair was one of thelast attempts to oppose JosephStalin within the CommunistParty of the Soviet Union.Martemyan Ryutin wrote apamphlet nearly 200 pages longentitled Stalin and the Crisis ofthe Proletarian Dictatorship.Ryuthin gathered around him agroup of friends who callthemselves the union of MarxistLeninists and they began toappeal to workers and to membersof the opposition.A hastily assembled Presidium ofthe Central Control Commissionwas convened to investigate anddeal with the Ryutin group.There were twenty-four memberspresent, including Yan Rudzntak,Yemelyan Yaroslavsky. AaronSoltz, and Lenin’s sister, MariaIlinichna Ulyanova.Joseph StalinThey authorized the OGPU “touncover the still undetectedmembers of Ryutin'scounterrevolutionary group," andacquaint "these white guardcriminals.with the entirestrictness of revolutionary law.”All member of the group werekicked out of the CommunistParty and exiled from Moscow.Their final fate is in the hands ofthe Politburo.Map of the Unified Saudi ArabiaBy Tyrone MooreThe unification of Saudi Arabiawas a military and politicalcampaign. Between the years of1902 and 1932 the house ofSaud took over the ArabianPeninsula.Arabia is a peninsula in westernAsia situated north east ofAfrica. In the modern days thekingdom of Saudi Arabia wasproclaimed.Saudi State, to differentiate itfrom the first and second statesthat existed under the Al Saudclan.The Al-Saud was in exile inOttoman Iraq since the year1893. In 1902, Ibn Saudcaptured Riyadh.The area was named theKingdom of Nejd and Hejazfrom 1927 until the day it wasconsolidated into Saudi Arabiain 1932.This process created the ThirdGerman Art DealerSentenced For SellingForged PaintingsBy Stephanie Casr-AllanOtto Wacker, a German art dealerwho sold forgeries of paintings byVincent Van Gogh and becameinfamous for commissioningfraud art work, was sentenced to19 months in prison. He was alsofined 30,000 Reichsmarks.Otto Wacker started his “career”in 1925 after selling various falsestarts in other professions. Heestablished a reputation for beingdependable in the art field.Wacker’s brother, LeonhardWacker, was probably the onewho did the painting and restoringof the forgery of Van Gogh’spaintings.Bolivia, ParaguayGo To War!Wacker was able to convinceVan Gogh experts Jacob Baart dela Faille, Hendrik P. Bremmer,Julius Meier-Graefe and HansRosenhagen that the paintings hewas selling were in fact genuine.Later in 1928, one of the generalmanagers of the exhibition,noticed that Otto Wacker’s artwere all forgeries. Furtherinvestigation began and revealed33 suspect paintings. Wacker wassued by Matthiesen gallery, withthe aid of the Federation ofGerman Art and Antique Dealers.Other former directors of theBank für Deutsche Beamte, whospeculated in the paintings onbehalf of the bank, were alsosued.Royal Christmas Message Presentedto Kingdom on RadioBy Taylar SainKing George V gave his Christmas message on the radio for the first timein 1932.The Christmas message combines a chronicle of the entire year’s eventswith the sovereign’s own personal milestones and feeling on Christmas.This year’s speech was written by Rudyard Kipling.Empire Service said the king was originally hesitant using relativelyuntested medium radio.The broadcast was introduced by Walton Handy. Local shepherd carolsfrom church choir and bells playing the town church were also heard onthe broadcast.By Randy MathewsBolivia and Paraguay went to war over the desire to control thenorthern part of Gran Chaco in South America. This became known asThe Chaco War.Some would call this war the “War of the Thirst” because of thebenefits, winning over the Chaco land.Both countries faced problems during the war trying to ship arms andsupplies. People see Bolivia’s army as stronger, but Paraguay is usingguerilla tactics during the war.Paraguay lost much of its territory to Brazil and Argentina in theParaguayan war. Paraguay was determined not to surrender itseconomic value, and by winning the war they would have access to600,000 kilometers of land with rich oil and resources in Chaco.

Historical News Rock1932 Year-IN-Review: International NewsLithium NucleusSplit byScientists!Japanese EliteTargeted byTerrorist GroupFebruary 9) and businessmanTakuma Dan (on March 5.)By Alexandria McGeeAn ultranationalist groupmurdered a politician andindustrialist in what becameknown as the League of BloodIncidient. The police in Japanuncover a list of 20 prominentassassination targets.The Assassination took place inJapan in which extremiststargeted wealthy businessmenand liberal politicians. The twokilled were former financeminister Junnosuke Inoue (onJohn CockcroftErnest WaltonThe goal of the group wasoverthrowing the political andeconomic elite, allegedly tosave Japan from the evilinfluence controlling theempire.The far-right terroristorganization is known asKetsumeidan and is composedof student radicals and youngJapanese military cadets.Peasants Massacredin El SalvadorBy Stephanie Case-Allanaccelerator-based experimentalnuclear physics.Ernest Walton and JohnCockcroft worked together tobuild a machine that split thenuclei of lithium atoms byattacking them with a stream ofprotons accelerating inside ahigh-voltage tube of 700 kilovolts.They had taken from 1929 to1932 to make their discovery,but had still managed to be thefirst experimenters in theupcoming era of high-energyphysics.The Salvadoran Massacre occurred in 1932 due to the peasantsrebelling against the rich people who had all the wealth.Walton was known for helpingcreate the first disintegration ofan atomic nucleus by artificiallyaccelerated protons underhuman control. Cockcroft wasknown for being the first personin history to artificially split theatom.The Salvadoran army had superior in weapons and soldiers. Amixture of protest and insurrection ended in ethnocide.Helium nuclei were producedbecause of the splitting of thelithium nuclei.The successful apparatus is a typeof particle accelerator helped tousher in an era of particle-.Arms ReductionConference a FailureRandy MathewsA conference was held in Geneva, Switzerland to discuss disarming theworld of all weapons that could be used as a means to attack othercountries. The conference was held February 2, 1932.The League of Nations, along with the United States, the UnitedKingdom and Germany led the conference.The gathering was to have limitations on arms and weapons that armiesuse. The argument focused a lot on what constituted offensive anddefensive weapons. What arms should be limited and what arms shouldnot.Germany was very against any and every limitation.By Taylar SainThe peasants wanted to be a part of the lifestyle that had to do withliving right so they decided to fight and at the end of the massacre thepeasants had lost due to them not being able to have weapon's andother things that will help them in achieving the win.The Latifundia had 90% of the country land because of the perceivedabuses by the political class.Landowners became rich growing coffee which is the country’s mainexport and cash crop.

Historical News Rock1932 Year-IN-Review: EntertainmentDisney Creates First Cartoon inFull TechnicolorBy Stephanie Case-AllanKalmus served primarily as thecompany's president and chiefexecutive officer. He hadconvinced Walt Disney to shootone of his Silly Symphony cartoonsFlowers and Trees in 1932. Mostof Technicolor's early patents weretaken out by Comstock andWescott.The Disney cartoon Flowers andTrees became the first full-lengthcartoon to use the Technicolorprocess.Technicolor is a color motionpicture process invented in 1916by Technicolor Motion PictureCorporation (a subsidiary ofTechnicolor, Inc.), now a divisionof the French companyTechnicolor SA.In 1914, the Technicolor MotionPicture Corporation was foundedin Boston (incorporated in Mainein 1915) by Herbert Kalmus,Daniel Frost Comstock, and W.Burton Wescott.Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology, where both Kalmusand Comstock received theirundergraduate degree and werelater instructors. Technicolor, Inc.was chartered in Delaware in 1921inspired the company's name"Tech."Theatrical Release Poster for the movie “Flowers and Trees”Tarzan Stars OlympicHero in Title RoleWalt Disney, Owner of Disney StudiosCook StatueUnveiled inNew ZealandJohnny Weissmuller who wasborn with the name of PeterJohann Weissmüller was bornJune 2, 1904.Johnny Weissmuller won fivegold medals as an Olympicswimmer and a bronze medal aspart of the men’s water polo teamfrom 1924 to 1928.Weissmuller became anovernight international sensationbecause the film Tarzan the ApeMan was such a huge rBy Stephanie Case-AllanThe Edgar Rice Burroughs bookTarzan the Ape Man came to lifein a motion picture starringOlympian swimmer JohnnyWeissmueller.The story is about a man who wasraised by apes in the jungles ofAfrica. He is trying to save theapes from killers as well as save alady named Jane. Jane isportrayed by Maureen Sullivan.Tarzan is often accompanied byhis companion, Cheetah, achimpanzee.By Randy MathewsA statue honoring explorer James Cook was unveiled on August10, 1932 in New Zealand.Weissmueller as TarzanRoth Writes New NovelBy Tyrone MooreThe Radetzky March is a German book that was written by Joseph Roth in1932. It is a story about the Trotta family.The story Radetzky March is an early example that features the recurringfictional narrative participation of a historical figure. Radetzky March is athree-generation story of the Trotta family.The Austrian Empire was fighting the second war of Italian Independence,against the French belligerents and Italian belligerents in the year of 1859.The statue was donated by Matthew Barnett, a philanthropist andbookmaker. Barnett funded an “architectural competition” in 1928to have a statue designed honoring the three journeys of JamesCook to New Zealand.James Cook was a famous English navigator, known as the bestexplorer of the 18th century. He was known for his scientifictheories and journeys to the Pacific Ocean during the war in 1763.He also proved that New Zealand was a group of islands, not acontinent. Abel Tasman discovered New Zealand in 1642 anddeclared it a continent.Cook died in 1779 while exploring the Northern Pacific Ocean.He was at a stop in the Hawaiian Islands when a group of hostileHawaiians killed him.The location of the James Cook statue is in Christchurch.

Historical News Rock1932 Year-IN-Review: EntertainmentPicasso ExhibitsNew PaintingBy Randy MathewsSpanish Painter Pablo Picassodebuted a new painting entitledLe Lecture in January.It is believed that his wife, OlgaKhbokhlova, was the inspirationfor the painting.Venice Holds FirstFilm FestivalBy Alexandria McGeeDr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde became the first film to be screened at thenew Venice Film Festival.No official prizes were awarded, but an audience referendum tookplace to determine the winners.The festival was the idea of the president of the Biennial of Venice,the count Giuseppe Volpi of Misurata, the sculptor Antonio Maraini,secretary general, and Lucian De Feo, secretary general of the Societyof Nationals headquartered in Rome.They agreed a review should be held in the lagoon city.Picasso was born on October 251881 in Malaga Spain. .The festival is considered to be the first international event of its kind.The festival is a showcase of potential new films.Picasso began work on LaLecture in December, 1931 andfinished in January, 1932.Sci-Fi Hero BuckRogers Rides theRadio Airwaves!By Alexandria McGeeWith the huge popularity of thecomic strip, it was a natural forBuck Rogers to become part ofthe nation’s latest craze, radio.Buck Rogers hit the airwaves onNovember 7. It is the first sciencefiction radio program, and oneJohn Dunning calls one of theimportant early juvenileadventures.The radio show is a serial playedon CBS, and is sponsored byKellogg's, Cocomalt, and Creamof Wheat as a 15 minute dailyshow.The plots are similar to the comicstrip. Buck, Wilma and Dr. Huersave the universe from thefiendish plots of Killer Kane andArdala.Huxley Pens Novelabout the PerfectWorldHe published many poems such asthe Burning Wheel, Crome Yellow,and Those Barren Leaves.incendiary missiles, gammabombs and a mechanical mole,thrill listening youngsters whoare simulated by the soundseffects crew using a variety ofelectrical and hand-poweredutensils.Huxely got his idea from HerbertGeorge which was inspired byUptopia.This novel opens in London 2540.This novel is about a society thatis perfect and equally ran. It isalso saying that it is a happy placewhere everyone has what theyneed.For instance, the crackling buzzof the psychic destruction ray is aSchick razor. Many men no doubtfelt the same effects, using theirrazors early in the morning.The show is announced by PaulDouglas. Jack Johnstone is thewriter, producer, and director.Other writers are Joe Cross,Albert Miller, and Dick Calkinsthe original illustrator for thecomic strip.The ambitious sound effects ofthe various rockets and futuristicgadgets are created by OraNichols.The sounds of death rays,The population of the planet istwo million people and it cannotexpand any larger than that.Aldous HuxleyBy Taylar SainThe Brave New World is a novelthat was written this year byAdlous Huxely. The Brave NewWorld was his first dystopianwork.By 1931 Huxely had alreadymade a name for himself by beinga writer, and a social satirist.Indonesian Writes Love StoryBy Tyrone MooreThe novel “Dian Yang Tak Kunjung Padam” was written by a man bythe name of Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana. He is from Indonesia and born in1880.It took him three to four weeks just to write the novel in 1930. Heworked at Balai Pustaka, the state owned publisher of Indonesia.In the novel there is a young boy named Yasin, he was a fatherless youthand he lived with his mother. He fell in love with a girl named Molek onfirst sight, they had wrote each other love letters and things but they didnot tell their parents that they are in love with each other.In the novel Molek, the girl, dies, then Yasin goes back to his hometownand goes to live in cabin by the lake called Ranau after his mother haddied.He never married and he wants to die someday to see Molek again.Any and every activity ormovement is notified andmonitored by the world state.Later in the book, there are peoplewho are kept outside of thesociety. They eventually do notlike being kept out and riot.Do the rioters win? Does theperfect society stand or are theyoverthrown? To find the answersto these questions, you must readthe book.Italian Composes 3-part SuiteBy Run’nita SneadAncient Airs and Dancers is a set of three orchestral suites by Italiancomposer Ottorino Respighi. Respighi was also a notable musicologist.In the 16th, 17th And 18th centuries led him to compose works inspiredby the music of these periods it was also Italian music.In 1917 Suite No.1 was composed, it was also based on RenaissanceLute. In 1923 Suite No.2 was composed it was also based on pieces forlute, and architect and violin by Fabritio Caroso. It also includes an ariaattributed to Marin Mersenne.In 1932 Suite No. 3 was composed. It is arranged for strings. It is onlysomewhat "Melancholy" in overall mood. It is based on lute songs byBesard.

Historical News Rock1932 Year-IN-Review: SportsAmericans Have GreatSuccess at Both OlympicsDidrikson Wins 3Medals at SummerOlympicsUS Sweeps SpeedSkating andBobsleigh GoldUS Sweeps DivingMedals atSummer GamesBy Alexandria McGeeBy Stephanie Case-AllanBy Stephanie Case-AllanThe 1932 Winter Olympicscompetition included four speedskating events and two bobsleighevents that took place at LakePlacid.The bobsleigh event took place atthe Lake Placid bobsleigh, luge,and skeleton track.The U.S. bobsleigh won two goldmedals, one each in two-man andfour-man bobsleigh. .HubertStevens and Curtis Stevens wonthe gold in two-man. Theirteammates, John Heaton andRobert Minton took home thebronze.At the Olympics in Los Angeles,21 year-old Babe Didrikson wontwo gold medals and one silver.She received her first gold medalfor the javelin throw, setting anew world record at 143 feet.The next day she set a new worldrecord of 11.7 seconds in the 80meter hurdles to win another goldmedal, breaking the record sheheld.After a much-debated tie for firstin the high-jump (at 5’5”), thejudges ruled that her techniquewas illegal and disqualified her,Didrikson ended up with thesilver medal.Babe single handedly wonthe AAU championships, whichserved as Olympic qualifying, onJuly 16 in Evanston, Ill. The solerepresentative of EmployersCasualty, she scored 30 points,eight more than the runner-upteam, which had 22 athletes.In a span of three hours, shecompeted in eight of the 10events, winning five outright andtying for first in the high jump.She set world records in thejavelin, 80-meter hurdles, highjump and baseball throw at theAAU Championships.In the four-man, Billy Fiske,Edward Eagan, Clifford Grey andJay O’Brien won the gold whileHenry Homburger, Percy Bryant,Francis Stevens and EdmundHorton of the U.S. won theSilver.The men's speed skating eventswere held on February 4, 5, 6,and 8. The U.S. men’s speedskating won four gold medals.Jack Shea won the gold in the500 meter and 1500 meter races.Irving Jaffee won gold in the5000 meter and the 10,000 meter.American Eddie Murphy won thesilver medal in the 5000 meters.Women’s speed skating weredemonstration events at the 1932Games, with no medals. The U.S.women’s speed skating won firstplace in two out of three events.They would

people living in the town to hold out for the coal they hoped to find because then they could buy the coal locally. Three six-foot veins of coal were found in the mine 570 feet below the Earth's surface and were sold August 30, 1892. February 9, 1893, 25 -30 tons of selling at 1.25 for nut coal and 1.50 for lump coal due to the