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International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 10, Issue 1, January-2019ISSN 2229-55181312LIGHTNING PROTECTION ACCORDING NFC 17-102Koko Agustinus CH, Isdaryanto IskandarFaculty of engineering, Atma Jaya Catholic University Indonesia, Jakarta.Abstract- Ese lightning protection have been widelyused for protect structure including their contents aswell as persons. But with the wide applications anddemand, new problem arise, the most serious incidentstructure struck by lightning even already put eselightning protection near location, because of thefailure of protection led to debate whether thelightning rod was proven or not proven function toprotect, made it difficult for ESEAT to getpermission to install it on buildings on Jakarta. TheTopics in this paper analyze, compare and It wasfound that the lightning protection results fullycomply with NFC 17-102 during last 7 years for 250building / area with near 1000 unit ESEATsucccessfuly protected the building withoutsignificant incident.IJSERScope : external lightning protection.Keywords : Lightning protection, ESE,Installation, Proven.1.protection. For International Most famous is IEC62305 (conventional system)Figure 1, ICLRT (International Center Lightningresearch Test ) Team front of launching rocket situjatiluhurfor ESE system is NFC 17-102, and for Indonesiaregulation PerMen 02-1989, on PerMen 02-1989,LPS (lightning protection system) conventional,Mesh and electrostatic (ESE) valid to use.INTRODUCTIONLightning is natural phenomenon, Under estimatingthe effects of lightning on implementation lightningprotection system can lead to injuries, death, buildingfire / damage, destruction of electrical and electronicequipment.LIFE CYCLEProtection of structures against lightning has beenstudy from a long time, Benyamin Franklin (17061790) research protecting structures against the effectof direct lightning discharged with his famousinvention, the lightning rod which is still used todayas an air termination system, and many research afterthis to more understand lightning characteristics tomake more safety design of lightning protection, lastlightning research on jatiluhur (began 2012 )International Lightning research and test Jatiluhurwhich use Rocket triggered lightning ,target on research to understand characteristicslightning on tropic area and test ESE (Early streameremission ) Lightning protection on Jatiluhur Situ.(figure 1)Base on many research and experience, manystandards and regulation release for better lightning1. Columns of warm air begin to rapidly burstupward through the atmosphere in a process calledconvection.2. As the massive volumes of air rise, they condensein the cooler surrounding air when they reach theupper border to the atmosphere: Often this 'cap' is thetropopause. The air is instead forced to spread out,giving the storm a characteristic anvil shape: thecumulonimbus cloud.3. The water droplets merge into heavy droplets andfreeze to become ice particles. As these fall theymelt, to become rain. While updrafts are still present,the falling rain creates downdrafts as well. Thepresence of both updrafts and downdrafts during thisstage can cause considerable internal turbulence.2.LIGHTNING PHENOMENONFour main stages along the life span of athunderstorm cloud:IJSER 2019http://www.ijser.org

International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 10, Issue 1, January-2019ISSN 2229-55184. In the dissipation stage, updraft conditions nolonger exist, and the storm is characterized largely byweak downdrafts. Because most of the moisture hasprecipitated out, there is not sufficient moisture in thelower air to sustain the cycle and the thunderstormdissipates1313IEC 62305 have 4 class of lightning protection,which every subject will calculation put on whichclass. Every class have different value D forcalculation position of lightning rodLIGHTNING DISCHARGE-Ionization of elevated points and apparitionof the corona effectDownward step leadersUpward streamerConnectionReturns strokeFigure 3 - IEC 62305-3 class of protection levelThe Protection Level is correlated to the damageprobability on the considered structure-Protection Level IV (low): 80% efficiencyof the lightning protection system: the mostpowerful lightning discharges shall becaptured by the system, the risk of damagescaused by low-intensity lightning dischargesis lower than the “tolerable risk”.IJSER-Figure 2 -upward streamerUpward streamer triggered by downward leader, forthe first triggered it is potential strike lightning,Protection Level I (high): 98% efficiency.Even the low intensity discharges must becaptured by the lightning protection systemto maintain the risks lower than the“tolerable risk”THE ELECTRO GEOMETRICAL MODELThe electro geometrical model takes into account :--The relation between downward leadercurrent and the electromagnetic field valueThe relation between downward leadercurrent and estimated peak current (I) onfirst return stroke (in KA)Electromagnetic field value at ground levelallowing the development of a upward : 300kv / mOn this base we can calculation for put lightningprotection, D(meter) 10 x I ²′³ , thanks to this modelLPS standard define theoretical values D specifiedprotection levelIJSER 2019http://www.ijser.orgFigure 4 - Standard specifications

International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 10, Issue 1, January-2019ISSN 2229-5518-3 .RISK MANAGEMENT1314Earth termination systemIEC 62305-3, value distance of Down conductor iscorrelated with separation distance. Typical value ofdistance between down conductor are given belowtable.ACCORDING IEC 62305For better lightning protection risk evaluation andmeasures became very urgent matter, fullyunderstood about characterization of lightningdischarge may more easy to understand riskmanagement lightning protection.Risk management created by the internationalcommittee of IEC, translated in the standard IEC62305 – lightning protection. IEC 62305 mostacceptable on the world.Rolling sphere method accept by IEC 62305 andsuitable in all case for lightning calculation.Figure 6 - class protection IEC 62305-3IJSEREarth termination system : to minimizing anypotentially dangerous over voltages, the shape, anddimension of earth termination are important criterialow earthing resistance with max 10 ohm arerecommended.4.NF-C 17-102 IS French standard on ESE rods, thisstandard be most acceptable for ESE lightning rod,and last UL already give certification for ESE rodbase on NF-C 17-102 : 2011.Figure 5 - rolling sphere methodh height of air termination above reference plane ofthe area to be protectedrp radius protectionBasic calculation radius protection, still use rollingsphere plus cause upward streamer more early tcompare to simple rod (conventional).D Rolling sphere radius (meters)Over more than 200 years, Franklin’s concept ofLightning protection concept fundamentally stillsame as the today external lightning protectionsystem.The external lightning protection composed by 3interconnected systems :-NF-C 17-102 : 2011Air terminal systemDown conductor systemIJSER 2019http://www.ijser.org

International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 10, Issue 1, January-2019ISSN 2229-5518h height of air termination above reference plane ofthe area to be protectedrp radius protectionD Rolling sphere radius (meters) t x 10⁶ t Early upward streamer compare to simple rod. t proved in the evaluation test.On figure 2, Rp can calculation by phytagorasmethod D hypotenuseD‐h cathetus 1 (upright side)Rp cathetus 2Rolling sphere on right side on figure 7 is same withrolling sphere on figure 5.IJSERSame rolling sphere method between simplerod/franklin rod, according IEC 62305 and ESEAT(early streamer air terminal emission ) accordingNFC 17‐102.NF-C 17-102 point 5.2.3.2On NF-C 17-102, t most important to calculationRp (Radius protection range), all calculation Rpcomes from rolling sphere method (see figure 7)For high rise building (greater than 60 meter)additional protection against direct lightning strikefor highest 20% structure height or any point above120 meters.For Down conductor minimum 4 and interconnectedby ring.Figure 7- calculation Rp ESE with Rolling methodIJSER 2019http://www.ijser.org1315

International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 10, Issue 1, January-2019ISSN 2229-55185.LIGHTNING IN INDONESIAIJSERFigure 8 - World lightning MAP2.Some product declare comply NF-C 17-102but can not give any test certificate whichrequire on NF C 17-102 such as t3.ESEAT use only one down conductor an putinside building near electrical device/ cable,NF-C 17-102 require minimum 4 downconductor for high rise, Kep Men 2/ 89(Indonesia regulation) require minimum 2down conductor-For point 1 & 2, it is very difficult to proventheir product work as they marketing claim,Most even accident on structure struck bylightning even already install this “ radiuslightning protection”For no 3, usually some accident on electricalor electronic device.Lightning density number of flash / year / km²Base world lightning MAP, Indonesia have very highlightning density.Compare to French (country NF C 17‐102 standardcome from) more high lightning density, it is meanmore risk to strike lightning.6.PRACTICAL ESEAT ISSUESIN INDONESIAESE Air terminal are installed on many high rise inIndonesia because relative more cheaper compare toConventional, but later often fail protection and afterinvestigation ESEAT installation, found 3 majorpractical point not standard cause fail protection :1.Some product not have comply internationalstandard or country standard, only claim byown manufacture. Sometimes can notsupport with any technical only marketingbrochure.IJSER 2019http://www.ijser.org-V IR x L di/dt1316