Transcription
ETHIOPIA: THIRD COUNTRY REPORT ON THE STATE OF PLANTGENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTUREInstitute of Biodiversity Conservation (IBC)Addis Ababa, October 2012IBC
ETHIOPIA: THIRD COUNTRY REPORT ON THE STATE OF PLANTGENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTUREInstitute of Biodiversity Conservation (IBC)Addis Ababa, October 2012
T ABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE COUNTRY AND AGRICULTURAL SECTOR . 121.1 Physiography . 121.2 Climatic features . 121.3 Vegetation . 131.4 Human Population . 141.5 Agricultural sector . 141.5.1 Major farming systems . 151.5.2 Seed supply systems . 171.5.3 Trends in crop production . 201.6 Methodology used for preparing this country report . 21CHAPTER 2: STATE OF DIVERSITY . 232.1 Diversity of major crops and their relative importance . 232.1.1Cereals . 242.1.2 Pulses . 282.1.3 Oil crops . 322.1.4 Fruits . 332.1.5 Root and tuber crops . 342.1.6. Stimulant crops . 352.1.7 Industrial crops . 362.1.8 Medicinal Plants . 362.2 Minor and under‐utilized crops and their state of diversity . 372.2.1 Cereals. 372.2.2 Pulses . 392.2.3 Oil Crops . 412.2.4 Vegetables . 412.2.5 Spices . 422.2.6 Root and tuber crops . 422.2.7 Stimulant crops . 442.2.8 Forage species. 442.3 Diversity of edible wild plants (EWP) . 452.4 The trend in use of farmers’ varieties . 472
2.5 The trend in use of improved crop varieties . 512.6 Factors affecting the state of crop diversity . 532.7 Future needs and priorities . 56CHAPTER 3: THE STATE OF IN SITU MANAGEMENT . 583.1 Plant genetic resources survey and inventory . 583.1.1. Survey and inventory of cultivatedplants 583.1.2 Survey and inventory of edible wild plants and crop wild relatives 593.2 On‐farm conservation of plant genetic resources .643.3 Conservation of wild PGRFA within and outside protected areas . 663.4 Assessment of major needs for in situ management of PGRFA . 67CHAPTER 4: THE STATE OF EX SITU MANAGEMENT . 694.1 Sustaining and expanding ex situ collections . 694.2 Germplasm conservation and maintenance . 714.3 Security of stored materials . 724.4 Characterization . 734.5 Documentation. 744.6 Major constraints and needs of ex situ management . 75CHAPTER 5: THE STATE OF USE. 775.1 Utilization of conserved plant genetic resources. 775.2 Access to farmers . 795.3 Constraints of use . 79CHAPTER 6: THE STATE OF NATIONAL PROGRAMS, TRAININGS AND LEGISLATIONS . 806.1 Ethiopia’s status on International and National legal frame works regarding Biological Resources 806.2 New development in the international legal frame work . 816.3 New Development in Access and Benefit Sharing Activities in Ethiopia . 82CHAPTER 7: THE STATE OF REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS. 847.1 Regional, Sub‐regional and International Networks . 84CHAPTER 8: ACCESS TO PGRFA, SHARING OF BENEFITS ARISING O
Ethiopia has ratified the convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA). After entering into these commitments, Ethiopia has issued proclamation on Access to Genetic Resources and Traditional
