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Persons with Disabilities:Status in the Philippines1st International Conference of Public LibrariansMarch 19-21, 2014Edgardo F. Garcia, MPADeafblind Support Philippines
Outline of Presentation1. Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in the Phils.- official statistics and estimates- terms and definitions2. UN Convention on Rights of Persons withDisabilities (UNCPRD)- overview and status of implementation3. Education and Social Services- eligibilities and entitlements- programsEdgardo F. Garcia
Number of PWDs in the Phils.(1) NSO 2010 Census of Population and Housing About 16 per thousand have disabilityPopulationPWDs% of PWDs2010200092.1 Mn76 Mn1.443 Mn 0.935 Mn1.57%1.23% Breakdown of PWDs by Age and Sex:Males – 50.9%Age Group0-1415-4950-6465 and overFemales 49.1%%18.940.019.022.1EdgardoF. Garcia
PWD Estimates(2) DSWD Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino (CCT) 2011HH SurveyedHH with PWDsHH with DeafHH with BlindHH with Speech/Comm disorderHH with OrthoHH with IntellectHH with Other 7,599Edgardo F. Garcia100.00 %6.770.631.190.630.930.641.74
Table 1. Philippine population estimates for CWDs usingWHO formulationYear(10%)Total Population Age 5-14% of 400CWD 8402,287,0502,301,240Source: National Statistics Office (website).Calculations by AIM for the Advisory Council for the Education of Children andYouth with Disabilities (October 2013)Edgardo F. Garcia
Definitions of DisabilityNSO Survey- Disability refers to any restriction or lack ofability (resulting from impairment) to perform an activityin the manner or within the range considered normal for ahuman beingWB/WHO International Classification on Functioning,Disability and Health (ICF)- Disability refers to difficultiesin any or all three (interconnected) areas of functioning: Impairments – problems in body functions or alterationsin body structure Activity limitations – difficulties in executing activities Participation restriction – problem with involvement inany area of lifeEdgardo F. Garcia
Who are Persons with Disabilities?Disability Models1. Scientific view – locates disability within theindividuala. biomedicalb. functional2. Social pathologya. environmentalb. human rightsEdgardo F. Garcia
Types of Disabilities (DepEd)1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.Blind and Visually ImpairedDeafOrthopedically challengedIntellectual disabilityLearning disabilityAutismMultiple disabilitySerious emotional disordersCommunication disorder, speech and languageimpairment10. Deafblind11. Other health problemsEdgardo F. Garcia
UN Convention on Rights of Persons withDisabilities (UNCRPD) 2006Purpose: to promote, protect and ensure the fulland equal enjoyment of all human rights andfundamental freedoms by all persons withdisabilities, and to promote respect for theirinherent dignityPWDs: include those with long-term physical,mental, intellectual or sensory impairmentswhich in interaction with various barriers mayhinder their full and effective participation insociety on an equal basis with others.General Obligations: State parties shall1. ensure and promote full realization ofhuman rights and fundamental freedoms ofPWDs without discrimination on basis ofdisability2. undertake measures to the maximum ofavailable resources with view to achievingfull realization of economic, social andcultural rightsEdgardo F. GarciaPrinciples:a. Respect for inherentdignity, independenceb. Non-discriminationc. Full and effectiveparticipationd. Respect for differencee. Equality ofopportunityf. Accessibilityg. Equalityh. Respect for evolvingcapacities of children
CRPD Implementation Existing laws not fully harmonized with CRPD– Magna Carta (RA 7277) PWD definition based on medical and functional model Discrimination in employment, transport, publicservices– Accessibility law (BP 344) Addresses only built environment– Anti Rape Law (RA8353) Women and girls with “intellectual disability” are“deprived of reason” and incapable of giving “rationalconsent”Edgardo F. Garcia
CRPD Implementation (cont.) On Children with Disabilities– 97 % not reached by public school system– DepEd zero rejection policy On Health– No health care insurance– No rehabilitation services– 20% discount on medicines/medical servicesEdgardo F. Garcia
CRPD Implementation (cont.) On employment of PWDs– 5% of positions reserved for PWDs– 10% of gov’t required goods/services from coopsand self help DPOs– Uncoordinated efforts to provide employment– PWDs in “vulnerable” employment Social Insurance – disability benefits andpensions– for employed/acquired disability while workingEdgardo F. Garcia
CRPD Implementation (cont.) Participation in political and public life– RA 10366 Accessible Polling Places Exemption from copyright law conversion intobraille format of educational and instructionalmaterialsEdgardo F. Garcia
Education of Children and Youth withDisabilitiesAccording to DepEd: 5.49 Mn CSN or13% of children population Enrolment 2012:Elementary200,000(90,000 gifted)High School8,443Edgardo F. Garcia
Table CARNCRTotalSPED EARLY ENROLMENT IN GOVERNMENT ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS (SY 2012-13)Blind 02,0924,925Speech /IntellectSeriousLang-uageual DisabiliEmotionalImpairtyDisturb- ancementSource: Department of Education1,666Edgardo F. GarciaAutism2,779Orthopedic ilities40,181
Table 3: Enrolment of CWDs in public secondary school (SY 2011-12)No. ofRegion SchoolsIII329IIIIV AIV otal193LD/IDBPHI14800017111 6837861 825116426149 5,254Source: Department of EducationVISDEdgardo F. GarciaOHClAUMHTotalEnrolment
Issues in Education of CWDs1. Access to schooling issuesa. Economic considerationsb. Socio-cultural realitiesc. c. School facilities2. Retention Issues3. Learning with AchievementEdgardo F. Garcia
Inclusive EducationInclusion - all people should freelyaccommodate the disabled without anyrestriction or condescension in activitiesInclusive education- all students attend and arewelcomed by their neighborhood schools inage- appropriate regular classes and aresupported to learn, contribute and participatein all aspects of school life (Inclusion BC)All children benefit from inclusive education.Edgardo F. Garcia
DeafblindnessDeafblindness – concomitant hearing andvision impairments, the combination of which causessevere communication and other developmental andeducational needs that cannot be accommodated inprograms solely for blind or deafIssues in deafblind education:- absence of appropriate learning program- lack of trained teachers and materials- need for parents and community supportEdgardo F. Garcia
THANK YOUEdgardo F. Garcia
Definitions of Disability NSO Survey-Disability refers to any restriction or lack of ability (resulting from impairment) to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being WB/WHO International Classification on Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)- Disability refers to difficulties
