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Released ItemsGrade 8ScienceNorth CarolinaEnd-of-GradeAssessmentPublic Schools of North CarolinaDepartment of Public Instruction State Board of EducationDivision of Accountability Services/North Carolina Testing ProgramCopyright ã 2019 by the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction. All rights reserved.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSSample Questionsreport to the teacherBclean the laboratory stationClocate the nearest exitDput on safety gogglesDAanemometerBgraduated cylinderCtest tubeDthermometerEAASEWhich device is used to determine the volume of a liquid?ELS2What is the first thing a student should do if an accident happens during a scienceexperiment?RS11
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSWhich is a compound?sodiumBsugarCnitrogenDairELEASEDAR12Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSThis table provides information about some group 1 elements.Melting Point ( (223)27EL55CsCesium132.91R2Which is the best estimate of the melting point of Rubidium (Rb)?A25 CB40 CC75 CD184 C3Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSSome of the atoms during the reaction escaped into the air.BSome of the atoms during the reaction were destroyed.CSome of the atoms during the reaction became heavier.DSome of the atoms during the reaction changed to a different kind of atom.DASEThis is a chemical reaction for the decomposition of carbonic acid into water andcarbon dioxide.H2CO3 H2O CO2EAHow does the reaction support the Law of Conservation of Mass?ASeveral molecules of water are produced.BThe mass of carbon atoms is reduced during the reaction.CThe mass of the atoms in the reactant equals the mass of the atoms in theproducts.DThe mass of hydrogen atoms is the only thing that remains the same beforeand after the reaction.EL4Two different liquids are poured together in an open container. Bubbles begin toform. After the bubbling stops, it is determined that the total weight of the twoliquids is less than before they were poured together. Which best describes thisobservation?R34Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSburning coalBusing ethanol in carsCinstalling solar panels on a homeDgenerating electricity in a hydroelectric power plantoilBsunlightCwaterDwoodSEADWhich is a nonrenewable resource?EA7AHow would a large increase in the salinity of an estuary most likely affect theecosystem of the estuary?EL6Which best describes a method of obtaining energy that may cause changes inwater temperature and harm to fish populations?AAll organisms would die.BAll organisms would continue to live as they now do.CThe number of salt-tolerant organisms would increase, and the number ofsalt-intolerant organisms would decrease.DThe number of salt-intolerant organisms would increase, and the number ofsalt-tolerant organisms would decrease.R55Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSmany varieties of fish in the lakeBhigh dissolved-oxygen levels in the lakeCcold water temperature of the lakeDhigh turbidity levels in the lakeDA geologist identifies the identical index fossils in rock layers from two differentareas. Which conclusion is best supported by this discovery?The deposition rate of the two rock layers was identical.BThe fossil organism evolved independently in the two separate areas.CThe two rock layers were deposited at approximately the same time.DThe index fossil will also occur in sediment deposited on top of these rocklayers.SEAEA10AWhich supports the theory that some mountains were once at the bottom of anocean?EL9Which would indicate the water in a lake is not safe for drinking?AThere are underwater mountains on the ocean floor today.BFreshwater rivers flow to the ocean.CFossils of marine organisms are found on the tops of some mountains.DBoth mountains and ocean floors have similar minerals in their rocks.R86Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSintestinal wormsBinfluenzaCchicken poxDathlete’s footDHow are pandemics different than epidemics?Pandemics affect blood; epidemics affect skin.BPandemics affect many countries or states; an epidemic is more localized.CPandemics are caused by bacteria; epidemics are caused by viruses.DPandemics are spread through the air; epidemics are spread through thewater.SEAEA13AWhich is one possible human benefit from biotechnology research?EL12Which disease is caused by a fungal infection?Aproducing crops that can grow in areas where they normally do not growBproducing new types of disease-causing virusesCincreasing the ability to turn ocean water to freshwaterDcreating new types of buildings that can withstand hurricanesR117Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMS16Aby developing better fertilizer for cropsBby creating crops that resist some diseasesCby producing soil that makes crops grow betterDby producing faster ways to harvest cropsDIn some environments, wolves prey on deer for their source of food. If all of thewolves were taken from the environment, what would most likely happen to thedeer population?The deer population would increase and begin to compete for food.BThe deer population would become larger and healthier animals.CThe deer population would decrease, because there would be an increase indisease.DThe deer population would change color, because they would not have tohide from wolves.EASEAEL15How has genetic engineering helped farming?How are mutualism and parasitism different?ABoth organisms benefit in mutualism, while in parasitism only one organismbenefits at the other’s expense.BBoth organisms benefit in parasitism, while in mutualism only one organismbenefits at the other’s expense.CBoth organisms benefit in mutualism, while in parasitism one organismbenefits, and the other is neither harmed nor benefits.DBoth organisms benefit in parasitism, while in mutualism one organismbenefits, and the other is neither harmed nor benefits.R148Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSplanting trees around a farmBcutting down trees around a farmCincreasing the number of livestock on a farmDdecreasing the number of livestock on a farmDWhich evidence supports the idea that life on Earth has continually evolved?evidence from layers of tree ringsBevidence from rock layers, fossils, and ice coresCevidence gathered from melting glaciersDevidence that the climate has changed over the past 100 yearsSEAEA19AWhich would most likely increase the genetic variation in a population oforganisms?EL18What would have the greatest long-term impact on reducing the amount of carbondioxide in the air?Aincrease in diseasesBdecrease in diseasesCincrease in mutationsDdecrease in mutationsR179Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSsugarBfatCproteinDvitamincarbon dioxideBironCvinegarDwaterSEADWhich is classified as an element?EA22AWhich best describes the sequence of the elements in Period 5 of the periodictable?EL21Which is the primary source of energy for most cells in the body?Ahighly reactive gases, relatively nonreactive metals, metalloids, verynonreactive gases, nonreactive nonmetalsBhighly reactive metals, relatively nonreactive metals, metalloids, reactivenonmetals, nonreactive gasesCnonreactive gases, metalloids, nonreactive metals, highly reactive metals,highly reactive gasesDnonreactive gases, nonreactive metals, highly reactive metals, metalloids,reactive nonmetals, reactive gasesR2010Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSAThe physical states of the atoms in the reactants determine the products.BSome of the atoms in the reactants will be a part of the products.CThe number of atoms in the reactants determines the products.DAll of the atoms in the reactants will be a part of the products.Bcoal-burning power plantsChydroelectric power plantsDwood-burning power plantsSEnuclear power plantsEAADWhich are most responsible for creating acid rain pollution?EL24Which statement is true about a chemical reaction?R2311Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMS25The table shows the estimated energy production (in quadrillions of BTUs) fromfossil fuels over a 20-year period.Fuel ral gas15.116.117.1Dependency on oil has increased, therefore energy production from oil isincreasing.BDependency on oil has increased, therefore energy production from naturalgas is decreasing.CDependency on coal has increased, therefore energy production from coal isincreasing.DDependency on coal has increased, therefore energy production from naturalgas is decreasing.ELEASEAWhich best explains why all of the Earth’s freshwater is not available for humanuse?R26DWhich conclusion is best supported by the data?AMost of Earth’s freshwater is only in lakes.BMost of Earth’s freshwater is underground.CMost of Earth’s freshwater is still in the water cycle.DMost of Earth’s freshwater is frozen water.12Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSThey cause the ocean water to get warmer.BThey cause ocean currents to remain calm.CThey bring nutrients from the cold, deep ocean waters.DThey bring ocean currents from the equator.DIf a lake has excess levels of phosphates and nitrates in its water, what willmost likely result?The temperature of the lake water will decrease.BThe turbidity levels of the lake will decrease.CThe dissolved-oxygen levels in the lake will increase.DThe growth of algae in the lake will increase.SEAEA29AWhich is the most accurate method scientists use to predict the age of Earth?EL28How can upwellings improve fishing for ocean fishermen?Arelative dating of rock layersBradioactive dating of rocksCcomparing the ages of different fossilsDinvestigating core samples from the ArcticR2713Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSto evaluate potential oil drilling sitesBto study the quality of water stored in glaciersCto determine the rate of melting in polar regionsDto study past climates by analyzing trapped gases and particlesDWhat is the most likely result of overusing a particular antibiotic?fewer infections caused by bacteria resistant to the antibioticBmore infections caused by bacteria resistant to the antibioticCfewer infections caused by viruses and bacteriaDmore infections caused by virusesSEAEA32AWhich illness could most likely be treated with antibiotics?EL31Which is the best reason for scientists to study ice cores obtained from Earth’sice caps?AinfluenzaBcommon coldCstrep throatDdiabetesR3014Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSby changing the types of soil in which the crops are plantedBby developing crops that are resistant to adverse weatherCby rotating the crops within the same fieldDby only planting crops in the winterDHow has biotechnology helped to improve the agricultural industry?by developing irrigation systems that cover a large land areaBby creating some crops that resist certain insectsCby producing soil free of decomposersDby developing machines that help farmers harvest crops fasterSEAEA35AThe table shows the food choices for two species of birds.EL34How can biotechnology help farmers overcome sudden changes in the globalclimate?BirdFoodQuestorsmall seeds, flying insectsWood Plaxerlarge berries, beetlesR33Which will most likely happen to Questors as a result of Wood Plaxers migratingto their habitat?AThe Questors will compete with the Wood Plaxers for food resources.BThe Questors will be forced to fly to a different habitat.CThe two species will become extinct.DThe two species will coexist with no competition.15Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSIt is changed into light energy.BIt is changed into heat energy.CIt is changed into mass.DIt is changed into decomposers.DWhich is the best evidence for evolution?new rock layers containing fossils of simple organismsBnew rock layers containing fossils unlike existing organismsCold rock layers containing fossils unlike existing organismsDold rock layers containing fossils of complex organismsSEAEA38AWhich best explains why mammals became dominant after the mass extinction ofthe dinosaurs?EL37What happens to most of the energy as it moves throughout a food web?AThey had traits that helped them adapt to environmental changes.BThey were larger than dinosaurs and ate different foods.CThey lived in different areas on Earth than dinosaurs.DThey were able to hibernate for thousands of years.R3616Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSWhich demonstrates how genetic variation may result from a change in theenvironment where an animal lives?AA salmon swims faster as it enters colder waters.BA snake increases its body temperature because it moves on top of a rock indirect sunlight.CA beetle stands out to predators because it moves among plants that havecolors different than its own.DAn arctic fox changes its color over time because it migrates to an area witha different climate.They absorb it directly from the sun.BThey absorb it directly from the soil.CThey produce it during photosynthesis.DThey receive it from atmospheric gases.EAAEL41Where do plants get the food they need for energy?Chlorine has 7 valence electrons. With what group of elements willchlorine most readily bond?R40SED39Agroup 1Bgroup 2Cgroup 16Dgroup 1817Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSbutter meltingBegg cookingCpaper tearingDwater evaporatingAH O H2OBH2 O2 H2OC2H2 O2 2H2ODH2 O2 2H2O2SEDWhich chemical equation best represents the Law of Conservation of Mass?EA44AWhich is most likely a major concern associated with burning fossil fuels?ABurning fossil fuels can pollute the oceans.BBurning fossil fuels can remove harmful chemicals from precipitation.CBurning fossil fuels can remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.DBurning fossil fuels can produce smog, which can cause respiratory illnesses.EL43Which is the best example of a chemical change?R4218Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSdeveloping technology which will allow for an increase in fish harvestingBallowing factories to release untreated wastewater into the oceansCfilling in oceanfront wetlands in order to extend beachfront propertiesDsetting limits on fish harvesting in the oceansDWhat effect does the water cycle have on the total amount of water on Earth?The total amount of water on Earth is constantly increasing.BThe total amount of water on Earth is constantly decreasing.CThe total amount of water on Earth remains relatively constant.DThe total amount of water on Earth changes due to periods of globalwarming and cooling.SEAEA47AWhich characteristic of water quality provides the most information regarding thehealth of a water system?EL46Which action shows concern for the environment with regards to the resources ofthe oceans?AclarityBtemperatureCconcentration of heavy metalsDpresence of indicator speciesR4519Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSin the cloudsBin the ice capsCin the oceanDin the groundDWhich is the most accurate way of determining the age of a fossil?radioactive datingBrelative datingCdating index fossilsDdating the rock layers above the fossilSEAEA50AWhich allows scientists to investigate what Earth’s climate was like over the past740,000 years?EL49Where is most of Earth’s freshwater located?Avolcanic depositsBfossilsCfaultsDice coresR4820Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMS53The time it takes for erosion to occur has changed since Earth first formed.BThe movement of the continents no longer occurs because of changes inocean currents.CThe processes that shape the Earth continue as they have since the Earthformed.DThe formation of rock layers has slowed because humans have altered theenvironment.DASEMany infectious diseases have been nearly eliminated worldwide. Why shouldglobal studies of infectious diseases continue?All infectious disease organisms are fatal.BAll infectious diseases are resistant to any form of treatment.CAll infectious disease organisms have the ability to mutate, adapt, andsurvive.DAll infectious diseases are caused by viruses that do not respond toantibiotics.EAAEL52Which best describes uniformitarianism?Scientists have been able to cause some bacteria to produce insulin. In which areaof science would these scientists most likely work?R51AbiotechnologyBnuclear engineeringCmarine biologyDchemistry21Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSby crop rotation techniquesBby chemical exposureCby harvesting at different timesDby techniques used in biotechnologyDWhich best represents the flow of energy within an aquatic ecosystem?algae insects fish turtle sunlightBinsects algae fish turtle sunlightCsunlight insects algae fish turtleDsunlight algae insects fish turtleSEAEA56AIf a bat, an alligator, and a bird evolved from a common ancestor,what most likely can be concluded?EL55If a company genetically modifies corn to produce an odor that repels insects,which best describes how the corn was modified?AThey have similar anatomical structures.BThey live in the same part of the world.CThey are in the same biological classification.DThey are able to survive changes in their environments.R5422Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMScell theory and the theory of evolutionBthe periodic nature of the elements and cell theoryCthe theory of evolution and the Law of SuperpositionDthe Law of Superposition and the periodic nature of the elementsDWhich of these would most likely happen to a species that is not able to adapt toa changing environment?The species would become extinct over time.BThe species would develop mutated cells.CThe species would develop resistance to disease.DThe species would change the environment.SEAEA59AA runner is preparing to run a long race. Which would provide the highest level ofenergy for the runner?EL58Recent changes in species can be found in the upper layers of rock. This providesa link between which two scientific 23Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSWhy are digestion and respiration important to the body?They control the production of hormones in the body.BThey build muscle and bone that the body needs.CThey store food for the body.DThey help provide the energy needed for body functions.ELEASEDAR6024Go to the next page.
GRADE 8 SCIENCE—RELEASED ITEMSDirections:This is the end of the science test.1. Look back over your answers for the test questions.2. Put all of your papers inside your test book and close your test book.RELEASED3. Stay quietly in your seat until your teacher tells you that testing isfinished.25
GRADE 8 SCIENCE — RELEASED ITEMSGrade 8 ScienceRELEASED Items2019–2020Answer KeyTypeKeyS1MCAS2MCBItem NumberType1MC2MC3MCDItem 14MCB8.L.2.115MCA8.L.3.1EA478R9EL56SEKey26
GRADE 8 SCIENCE — RELEASED .223MCD8.P.1.424MC25MC26MCSEDItem L2927
GRADE 8 SCIENCE — RELEASED 8EL5456SEEA5355DItem Number28
14 How has genetic engineering helped farming? A by developing better fertilizer for crops . B by creating crops that resist some diseases . C by producing soil that makes crops grow better . D by producing faster ways to harvest crops . 15 In some environments, wolves prey on deer for their source of food. If all of the
