WIXLIB

SC70, 1.6V, Nanopower, Beyond-the-RailsComparators With/Without ReferenceVCCVCCIN IN EEVEEPin NCTIONSC70SOSC70SO1616OUT2424VEE3333IN ComparatorNoninverting Input42—REF1.252V Reference5757VCCPositive Supply——42IN-—1, 5,8—1, 5,8N.C.Comparator OutputNegative SupplyComparator InvertingInputNo Connection.Not internallyconnected.Detailed DescriptionThe MAX9117/MAX9118 feature an on-board 1.252V 1.75% reference, yet draw an ultra-low supply currentof 600nA. The MAX9119/MAX9120 (without reference)consume just 350nA of supply current. All four devicesare guaranteed to operate down to 1.6V. Their common-mode input voltage range extends 200mVbeyond-the-rails. Internal hysteresis ensures clean output switching, even with slow-moving input signals.Large internal output drivers allow rail-to-rail outputswing with up to 5mA loads.The output stage employs a unique design that minimizes supply-current surges while switching, virtuallyeliminating the supply glitches typical of many othercomparators. The MAX9117/MAX9119 have a push-pulloutput stage that sinks as well as sources current. TheMAX9118/MAX9120 have an open-drain output stagethat can be pulled beyond VCC to an absolute maximum of 6V above VEE. These open-drain versions areideal for implementing wire-OR output logic functions.Input Stage CircuitryThe input common-mode voltage range extends fromVEE - 0.2V to VCC 0.2V. These comparators operateat any differential input voltage within these limits. Inputbias current is typically 0.15nA if the input voltage isbetween the supply rails. Comparator inputs are protected from overvoltage by internal ESD protectiondiodes connected to the supply rails. As the input voltage exceeds the supply rails, these ESD protectiondiodes become forward biased and begin to conduct.Output Stage CircuitryThe MAX9117–MAX9120 contain a unique breakbefore-make output stage capable of rail-to-rail operation with up to 5mA loads. Many comparatorsconsume orders of magnitude more current duringswitching than during steady-state operation. However,with this family of comparators, the supply-currentchange during an output transition is extremely small.In the Typical Operating Characteristics, the SupplyCurrent vs. Output Transition Frequency graphs showthe minimal supply-current increase as the outputswitching frequency approaches 1kHz. This characteristic reduces the need for power-supply filter capacitors to reduce glitches created by comparatorswitching currents. In battery-powered applications,this characteristic results in a substantial increase inbattery life.9MAX9117–MAX9120Functional Diagrams

MAX9117–MAX9120SC70, 1.6V, Nanopower, Beyond-the-RailsComparators With/Without ReferenceReference (MAX9117/MAX9118)The internal reference in the MAX9117/MAX9118 has anoutput voltage of 1.252V with respect to VEE. Its typicaltemperature coefficient is 100ppm/ C over the full-40 C to 85 C temperature range. The reference is aPNP emitter-follower driven by a 120nA current source(Figure 1). The output impedance of the voltage reference is typically 200kΩ, preventing the reference fromdriving large loads. The reference can be bypassed witha low-leakage capacitor. The reference is stable for anycapacitive load. For applications requiring a lower outputimpedance, buffer the reference with a low-input-leakage op amp, such as the MAX4162.Applications InformationLow-Voltage, Low-Power OperationThe MAX9117–MAX9120 are ideally suited for use withmost battery-powered systems. Table 1 lists a variety ofbattery types, capacities, and approximate operatingtimes for the MAX9117–MAX9120, assuming nominalconditions.Internal HysteresisMany comparators oscillate in the linear region of operation because of noise or undesired parasitic feedback. This tends to occur when the voltage on oneinput is equal or very close to the voltage on the otherinput. The MAX9117–MAX9120 have internal hysteresisto counter parasitic effects and noise.The hysteresis in a comparator creates two trip points:one for the rising input voltage (VTHR) and one for thefalling input voltage (VTHF) (Figure 2). The differencebetween the trip points is the hysteresis (VHB). Whenthe comparator’s input voltages are equal, the hysteresis effectively causes one comparator input to movequickly past the other, thus taking the input out of theVCC120nAREFVBIASVEEFigure 1. MAX9117/MAX9118 Voltage Reference OutputEquivalent Circuitregion where oscillation occurs. Figure 2 illustrates thecase in which IN- has a fixed voltage applied, and IN is varied. If the inputs were reversed, the figure wouldbe the same, except with an inverted output.Additional Hysteresis (MAX9117/MAX9119)The MAX9117/MAX9119 have a 4mV internal hysteresisband (VHB). Additional hysteresis can be generatedwith three resistors using positive feedback (Figure 3).Unfortunately, this method also slows hysteresis response time. Use the following procedure to calculateresistor values.1) Select R3. Leakage current at IN is under 2nA, so thecurrent through R3 should be at least 0.2µA to minimize errors caused by leakage current. The currentthrough R3 at the trip point is (VREF - VOUT) / R3.Considering the two possible output states in solvingfor R3 yields two formulas: R3 VREF / IR3 or R3 (VCC - VREF) / IR3. Use the smaller of the two resulting resistor values. For example, when using theTable 1. Battery Applications Using END-OF-LIFE(V)CAPACITY,AA SIZE(mA-h)MAX9117/MAX9118OPERATING TIME(hr)MAX9119/MAX9120OPERATING TIME(hr)Alkaline(2 Cells)No3.01.820002.5 x 1065 x 106Nickel-Cadmium(2 Cells)Yes2.41.8750937,5001.875 x 106Lithium-Ion(1 Cell)Yes3.52.710001.25 x 1062.5 x 106Nickel-MetalHydride(2 Cells)Yes2.41.810001.25 x 1062.5 x 10610

SC70, 1.6V, Nanopower, Beyond-the-RailsComparators With/Without TVEEVREFMAX9117MAX9119OUTFigure 2. Threshold Hysteresis BandMAX9117 (VREF 1.252V) and VCC 5V, and ifwe choose IR3 1µA, then the two resistor valuesare 1.2MΩ and 3.8MΩ. Choose a 1.2MΩ standardvalue for R3.2) Choose the hysteresis band required (VHB). For thisexample, choose 50mV.3) Calculate R1 according to the following equation:R1 R3 (VHB / VCC)For this example, insert the values:R1 1.2MΩ (50mV / 5V) 12kΩ4) Choose the trip point for VIN rising (VTHR) such thatVTHR VREF (R1 R3) / R3, (VTHR is the trip pointfor VIN rising). This is the threshold voltage at whichthe comparator switches its output from low to highas VIN rises above the trip point. For this example,choose 3V.5) Calculate R2 as follows:R2 1 / [VTHR / (VREF R1) - (1 / R1) - (1 / R3)]R2 1 / [3.0V / (1.252V 12kΩ) - (1 / 12kΩ) (1 / 1.2MΩ)] 8.655kΩFor this example, choose an 8.66kΩ standard 1% value.6) Verify the trip voltages and hysteresis as follows:VIN rising: VTHR VREF R1 [(1 / R1) (1 / R2) (1 / R3)] 3VVIN falling: VTHF VTHR - (R1 VCC / R3) 2.95VHysteresis VTHR - VTHF 50mVFigure 3. MAX9117/MAX9119 Additional HysteresisAdditional Hysteresis (MAX9118/MAX9120)The MAX9118/MAX9120 have a 4mV internal hysteresisband. They have open-drain outputs and require anexternal pullup resistor (Figure 4). Additional hysteresiscan be generated using positive feedback, but the formulas differ slightly from those of the MAX9117/MAX9119. Use the following procedure to calculateresistor values.1) Select R3 according to the formulas R3 VREF / 1µAor R3 (VCC - VREF) / 1µA - R4. Use the smaller ofthe two resulting resistor values.2) Choose the hysteresis band required (VHB).3) Calculate R1 according to the following equation:R1 (R3 R4) (VHB / VCC)4) Choose the trip point for VIN rising (VTHR) (VTHR isthe trip point for VIN rising). This is the threshold voltage at which the comparator switches its outputfrom low to high as VIN rises above the trip point.5) Calculate R2 as follows: VTHR 11 R2 1 / VREF R1 R1 R 3 6) Verify the trip voltages and hysteresis as follows:11 1VIN ri sin g : VTHR VREF R1 R1 R2 R3 VIN falling :R111 1 VTHF VREF R1 VCC R1 R2 R 3 R4 R 3 R4Hysteresis VTHR - VTHF11MAX9117–MAX9120VCCTHRESHOLDSIN

MAX9117–MAX9120SC70, 1.6V, Nanopower, Beyond-the-RailsComparators With/Without ReferenceTypical Application CircuitBoard Layout and BypassingPower-supply bypass capacitors are not typicallyneeded, but use 100nF bypass capacitors close to thedevice’s supply pins when supply impedance is high,supply leads are long, or excessive noise is expectedon the supply lines. Minimize signal trace lengths toreduce stray capacitance. A ground plane and surface-mount components are recommended. If the REFpin is decoupled, use a new low-leakage capacitor. 5V ( 3V) 3V ( 5V)2MΩZero-Crossing DetectorFigure 5 shows a zero-crossing detector application.The MAX9119’s inverting input is connected to ground,and its noninverting input is connected to a 100mVP-Psignal source. As the signal at the noninverting inputcrosses 0V, the comparator’s output changes state.VCC3V (5V)LOGIC OUTOUT2MΩIN MAX9120Logic-Level TranslatorThe Typical Application Circuit shows an applicationthat converts 5V logic to 3V logic levels. The MAX9120is powered by the 5V supply voltage, and the pullupresistor for the MAX9120’s open-drain output is connected to the 3V supply voltage. This configurationallows the full 5V logic swing without creating overvoltage on the 3V logic inputs. For 3V to 5V logic-leveltranslations, simply connect the 3V supply voltage toVCC and the 5V supply voltage to the pullup resistor.RPULLUPIN-VEE5V (3V) LOGIC CCR2OUTOUTIN-VEEVREFIN MAX9118MAX9120MAX9119VEEFigure 4. MAX9118/MAX9120 Additional HysteresisFigure 5. Zero-Crossing DetectorChip InformationTRANSISTOR COUNT: 9812

SC70, 1.6V, Nanopower, Beyond-the-RailsComparators With/Without ReferenceSC70, 5L.EPSPACKAGE OUTLINE, 5L SC7021-0076E1113MAX9117–MAX9120Package Information(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline informationgo to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)

Package Information (continued)(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline informationgo to 0.0100.050 00.250.350.490.190.251.27 BSC3.804.005.806.200.40SOICN .EPSMAX9117–MAX9120SC70, 1.6V, Nanopower, Beyond-the-RailsComparators With/Without Reference1.27VARIATIONS:1INCHESTOP IMETERSMIN4.808.559.80MAX5.008.7510.00N MS0128AA14AB16ACDABeC0 -8 A1LFRONT VIEWSIDE VIEWPROPRIETARY INFORMATIONTITLE:PACKAGE OUTLINE, .150" SOICAPPROVALDOCUMENT CONTROL NO.21-0041REV.B11Revision HistoryPages changed at Rev 4: 1, 2, 9, 13Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses areimplied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.14 Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 2007 Maxim Integrated Productsis a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

MAX9117EXK-T 5 SC70-5 ABW X5-1 MAX9117ESA 8 SO — S8-2 MAX9118EXK-T 5 SC70-5 ABX X5-1 MAX9119EXK-T 5 SC70-5 ABY X5-1 MAX9120EXK-T 5 SC70-5 ABZ X5-1 MAX9120ESA 8 SO — S8-2 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.