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About This BookA more recent version of the release bulletin may be available on theWorld Wide Web. To check for critical product or document informationthat was added after the release of the product CD, use the SybaseTechnical Library.viii The Installation Guide for your platform – describes installation, upgrade,and configuration procedures for all Adaptive Server and related Sybaseproducts. Configuring Adaptive Server Enterprise for your platform – providesinstructions for performing specific configuration tasks for AdaptiveServer. What’s New in Adaptive Server Enterprise? – describes the new featuresin Adaptive Server version 12.5, the system changes added to supportthose features, and the changes that may affect your existing applications. Transact-SQL User’s Guide – documents Transact-SQL , Sybase’senhanced version of the relational database language. This manual servesas a textbook for beginning users of the database management system.This manual also contains descriptions of the pubs2 and pubs3 sampledatabases. System Administration Guide – provides in-depth information aboutadministering servers and databases. This manual includes instructionsand guidelines for managing physical resources, security, user and systemdatabases, and specifying character conversion, international language,and sort order settings. Reference Manual – contains detailed information about all Transact-SQLcommands, functions, procedures, and datatypes. This manual alsocontains a list of the Transact-SQL reserved words and definitions ofsystem tables. Performance and Tuning Guide – explains how to tune Adaptive Serverfor maximum performance. This manual includes information aboutdatabase design issues that affect performance, query optimization, how totune Adaptive Server for very large databases, disk and cache issues, andthe effects of locking and cursors on performance. The Utility Guide – documents the Adaptive Server utility programs, suchas isql and bcp, which are executed at the operating system level. The Quick Reference Guide – provides a comprehensive listing of thenames and syntax for commands, functions, system procedures, extendedsystem procedures, datatypes, and utilities in a pocket-sized book.Available only in print version.

About This Book The System Tables Diagram – illustrates system tables and their entityrelationships in a poster format. Available only in print version. Error Messages and Troubleshooting Guide – explains how to resolvefrequently occurring error messages and describes solutions to systemproblems frequently encountered by users. Component Integration Services User’s Guide – explains how to use theAdaptive Server Component Integration Services feature to connectremote Sybase and non-Sybase databases. Java in Adaptive Server Enterprise – describes how to install and use Javaclasses as datatypes, functions, and stored procedures in the AdaptiveServer database. Using Sybase Failover in a High Availability System – providesinstructions for using Sybase’s Failover to configure an Adaptive Serveras a companion server in a high availability system. Using Adaptive Server Distributed Transaction Management Features –explains how to configure, use, and troubleshoot Adaptive Server DTMfeatures in distributed transaction processing environments. EJB Server User’s Guide – explains how to use EJB Server to deploy andexecute Enterprise JavaBeans in Adaptive Server. XA Interface Integration Guide for CICS, Encina, and TUXEDO –provides instructions for using Sybase’s DTM XA interface with X/OpenXA transaction managers. Glossary – defines technical terms used in the Adaptive Serverdocumentation. Sybase jConnect for JDBC Programmer’s Reference – describes thejConnect for JDBC product and explains how to use it to access data storedin relational database management systems. Full-Text Search Specialty Data Store User’s Guide – describes how to usethe Full-Text Search feature with Verity to search Adaptive ServerEnterprise data. Historical Server User’s Guide – describes how to use Historical Server toobtain performance information for SQL Server and Adaptive Server. Monitor Server User’s Guide – describes how to use Monitor Server toobtain performance statistics from SQL Server and Adaptive Server.ix

About This Book Other sources ofinformationMonitor Client Library Programmer’s Guide – describes how to writeMonitor Client Library applications that access Adaptive Serverperformance data.Use the Sybase Technical Library CD and the Technical Library ProductManuals Web site to learn more about your product: Technical Library CD contains product manuals and is included with yoursoftware. The DynaText browser (downloadable from Product Manuals tml) allows you to accesstechnical information about your product in an easy-to-use format.Refer to the Technical Library Installation Guide in your documentationpackage for instructions on installing and starting the Technical Library. Technical Library Product Manuals Web site is an HTML version of theTechnical Library CD that you can access using a standard Web browser.In addition to product manuals, you will find links to the TechnicalDocuments Web site (formerly known as Tech Info Library), the SolvedCases page, and Sybase/Powersoft newsgroups.To access the Technical Library Product Manuals Web site, go to ProductManuals at The following style conventions are used in this manual: In a sample screen display, commands you should enter exactly as shownappear in:this font In a sample screen display, words that you should replace with theappropriate value for your installation are shown in:this font In the regular text of this document, the names of files and directoriesappear in this font:/usr/u/sybase The names of programs, utilities, procedures, and commands appear inthis font:sqlupgradeTable 1 shows the conventions for syntax statements that appear in this manual:x

About This BookTable 1: Syntax statement conventionsKeycommandvariable{}[]() ,DefinitionCommand names, command option names, configurationparameter names, and other keywords are in this font in bodytext.Variables, options, or words that stand for values that you fillin, are in this font in body text.Curly braces indicate that you choose at least one of the enclosed options. Do not include braces in your option.Brackets mean choosing one or more of the enclosed options isoptional. Do not include brackets in your option.Parentheses are to be typed as part of the command.The vertical bar means you may select only one of the optionsshown.The comma means you may choose as many of the optionsshown as you like, separating your choices with commas to betyped as part of the command.In this manual, most of the examples are in lowercase. However, you candisregard case when typing Transact-SQL keywords. For example, SELECT,Select, and select are the same.Adaptive Server’s sensitivity to the case of database objects, such as tablenames, depends on the sort order installed on Adaptive Server. You can changecase sensitivity for single-byte character sets by reconfiguring the AdaptiveServer sort order. See the System Administration Guide for more information.If you need helpEach Sybase installation that has purchased a support contract has one or moredesignated people who are authorized to contact Sybase Technical Support. Ifyou cannot resolve a problem using the manuals or online help, please have thedesignated person contact Sybase Technical Support or the Sybase subsidiaryin your area.xi

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CH A PTE R1Introduction to ASE ReplicatorThis chapter provides an introduction to replication concepts and anoverview of the ASE Replicator feature of Adaptive Server Enterprise.TopicUnderstanding replicationUnderstanding ASE ReplicatorPage13Using Sybase Central to administer ASE Replicator13Understanding replicationA replication system maintains current data in separate databases byreplicating the data-changing operations that take place in one databaseand sending those operations to another database.The source of a replicated transaction is called the primary database. Thetarget (or destination) of a replicated transaction is called the replicatedatabase. As shown in Figure 1-1, the primary database publishesreplicated transactions, and the replicate database subscribes to replicatedtransactions.Figure 1-1: Basic replicationReplicationPublishPrimarydatabasedata flowSubscribeReplicatedatabaseIn bidirectional replication, a single database acts as both a primarydatabase and a replicate database. Bidirectional replication requires amethod of filtering the replicated transactions to prevent circularreplication back to the original primary database source.1

Understanding replicationTable replicationTo replicate data-changing operations, tables in the primary database arepublished. When a table is published, data-changing operations that affect thecontents of that table are captured for subsequent distribution to a replicatedatabase.To receive replicated operations, a replicate database must subscribe to apublished table in the primary database. When a replicate database subscribesto a published table, data-changing operations from the primary database canbe distributed to a subscribing table in the replicate database.Stored procedure replicationIn addition to replicating data-changing operations in tables, the ASEReplicator feature can replicate stored procedure invocations in the primarydatabase. Replicating a stored procedure invocation can be more efficient thanreplicating the individual data-changing operations it produces.When a stored procedure in a primary database is published for replication,input parameter values that are specified when the stored procedure is invokedare captured and recorded, along with the name of the stored procedure. Whena replicate database subscribes to a published stored procedure, the storedprocedure invocation in the primary database is distributed to the replicatedatabase as a remote procedure call (RPC).When a published stored procedure generates an operation that affects the datain a published table, the data-changing operation generated by the storedprocedure is ignored, and only the stored procedure invocation is replicated.Transaction replicationTransaction replication ensures database integrity and transactionalconsistency across multiple database sites. All data-changing operations thatare replicated are considered “transactions,” even though they might notcorrespond to an actual transaction in the primary database.For example, if a transaction changes both published tables and unpublishedtables in the primary database, only the data-changing operations that affect thepublished tables are replicated. Operations on unpublished tables are notreplicated.2

CHAPTER 1Introduction to ASE ReplicatorAll data-changing operations are replicated within a transaction context. Inother words, only committed transaction operations are replicated; transactionoperations that are rolled back are not replicated.Even though a “transaction” replicated through ASE Replicator is really just aset of operations, those operations are grouped in an atomic collection, andeach collection represents the results of a committed transaction in the primarydatabase.Stored procedure invocations are part of a transaction, just like the datachanging operations in a table. They are not necessarily transactions inthemselves.Guaranteed deliveryIn a replication system, guaranteed delivery means that all data-changingoperations published by a primary database are guaranteed to be received bythe subscribing replicate database, regardless of any hardware, software, ornetwork problems that might interfere with replication.To provide guaranteed delivery, ASE Replicator uses two mechanisms: A stable queue – records published data-changing operations in anonvolatile form until the subscribing replicate database can confirm thatit received them. The ASE Replicator stable queue consists of tables in adatabase that resides in the same Adaptive Server as the primary database. A locator – identifies the last published transaction that was successfullyreceived and stored in the stable queue, and the last published transactionthat was successfully received by the subscribing replicate database. Thelocator is a string value that ASE Replicator maintains.Understanding ASE ReplicatorASE Replicator extends Adaptive Server Enterprise capabilities and providesbasic replication from a primary database to one or more replicate databases.ASE Replicator: Replicates both tables and stored procedures Maintains database integrity and transactional consistency at multiplesites3

Understanding ASE Replicator Provides guaranteed delivery of replicated data Manages database objects with a publish-and-subscribe modelASE Replicator takes advantage of Component Integration Services (CIS) tohandle transaction and RPC distribution to replicate databases.For more information about CIS, see the Component Integration ServicesUser’s Guide.ASE Replicator componentsASE Replicator components work together to replicate transactions and storedprocedures. Figure 1-2 shows these components; a description of each follows.Figure 1-2: ASE Replicator componentsASE onentDistributionDatabaseASE Replicator processThe ASE Replicator process is an external application that connects to andinteracts with Adaptive Server, and it receives all its instructions from theAdaptive Server to which it connects. The ASE Replicator process managesand coordinates all the other ASE Replicator components and all replicationprocessing.ASE Replicator can support multiple primary databases, replicate databases,and replicate database servers, but each instance of ASE Replicator can supportonly one primary Adaptive Server.4

CHAPTER 1Introduction to ASE ReplicatorEven though you can set up ASE Replicator on two Adaptive Servers tosupport bidirectional replication, you cannot coordinate the operations ofmultiple instances of ASE Replicator, nor can they share data or metadata.Distribution DatabaseThe Distribution Database is a user database in Adaptive Server. It contains allthe metadata needed to support

Replication Server Manager, Replication Toolkit, Resource Mana ger, RW-DisplayLib, RW-Library, S-Designor, SDF, Secure SQL . Financial Server, Sybase Gateways , Sybase MPP, Sybase SQL Desktop, Sybase SQL Lifecycle, Sybase SQL Workgroup, Sybase User