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Official publication ofIThe American Legionand The American LegionAuxiliary.OwnedeeklyThe American Legion.EDITORIAL ASD BUSINESS OFEICES:O iv 8 ( e y ; Vice-PresiJames A. Drain :Treasurer, Robert II.T y n d a 11: Secrclury,627West 43rd Street,New YorkLemuelBollcs.CityCopyright. 1922, by the Legion Publishing Corporation.192224,Published by the LegionPit blish ing Corporation.President, Alvin M.dent,exclusively byNOVEMBERCANPAGE5Arms andthe Young IdeaofTime RipeImplant in the Mindthe School Child an Utter Abhorrence of War?IsthetoBy Maj. Gen. JohnSOLDIERSwhetherF.O'RyanOne interested in the problem of de- feat. Recognition of their martialfrequently askedveloping the readiness of a people for qualities in no way justifies the Gernot in the interestof the peace of the world thatwar will find much of psychologic inter- man policy which brought on the warthe school children of the landest in a study of the efforts of the Geror excuses the hypnosis which the German government to that end during the man people permitted themselves to sufbe made to understand the cruelty andwastefulness of war, and whether in period from the termination of the fer by dictate of their military masters.Franco-Prussian War to the commencethat connection it would not be advisaNo subject can be profitably discussedment of the World War. Apparently, unless facts are frankly considered andble to keep from them all that wouldvery little was left undone to increase their respective influences determined,tend in any way to glorify war.It is obviously true that the impresthe value of the German Army as aand an outstanding fact of the Worldfighting machine, particularly by thesions gained during the schooling periodWar is that the Germans possessed aare lasting impressions, and tend helpful cultivation of the minds of the magnificent army. More remarkableGerman youth who were later to con- than the efficiency of its weapons wasmightily to affect the later views andconvictions of manhood and womanstitute that army.the human element its morale, its orPassions growing out of the war are ganization, and its military leadership.hood.What the Germans did, inpreparation for war, with several gen- still so warm, and the spectacle of GerAnd in relation to its morale, it ismany's complete defeat is so overpow- hardly possible to over-emphasize theerations of German boys and girls, isknown.ering,thatthemassofourfailwellUndoubtedly, the effortspeopleinfluence upon its development of themade to imbue the school children of to recognize the really great spirit of boyhood training of its soldiers, and,Germany with a spirit of sacrifice for sacrifice maintained by the German it might be added, by the schoolgirlthe Fatherland, to have them believe inpeople throughout the war.What a training of the women of the familiesthe primary necessity for the maintetremendous morale they must have pos- of its soldiers.nance of a great army, in the invinci- sessed to enable them to continue theirThe question therefore naturallybility of that army, and in the dominatsacrifices in the face of continued dearises, if recourse to the psychologicing importance of the partdevicesofthemilitaryplayed in history by soldiers hadsystem in the school training ofmuch to do with the remarkablechildren can be made to develmorale of the German Armyop them into men and womenyears of service fromduring the World War and withready and even eager for warthe willingness of the soldierswhen their government calls, isprivate to A. E. F. division commander,of that army to continue theit not reasonable to believe thatmember of the New York bar, the recipientfight after the outcome seemed,the suppression of the use of suchof an LL.D. from his own college,Yorkeven to them, hopeless.devices during the period ofUniversity, at present commander of theschool training,and the substitu Before the World War, theGermans frequently employed a27th Division and a member of thetion of other psychologic countermaxim for the purpose of steelactingdevicesand artifices, wouldYork Transit Commission qualificationsing the hearts and imaginationsdevelop men and women havingsuch as these lend unusual weight to Generalof their young men in preparaa detestation of war, and perO'Ryan's opinions on the question of thetion for the trials and sufferinghaps even possessed of a deterof battle, and to minimize thetreatment of war in our school curricula.mination never to contribute,effects of temporary military redirectly or indirectly, by serviceGeneral O'Ryan's article will appeal toverses. The phrase was, "Durchor otherwise, to the prosecutionreaders of this magazine with double force;Nacht und Blut zu Licht"of any war?I think the anfirst,because of the Legionnaire's acute in"Through darkness and bloodswer to this question, conservaterest in the subject on its own account,to light."What is worth havtively stated, is that undoubteding must be contended for,ly very much can be done bythanks to his own first-hand experiences w ithwhich was interpreted to mean,early training, carried on inwar. and second, because of the close apfought for. And in the fighting,telligentlyand persistentlyproach of National Education Week, Deone must expect incidental sacthroughout the school system ofrifices and reverses. One couldcember 3d to 9th, in which the Legion's inany country, to produce, atexpect, in short, to emerge intoleast among the great majorityfluence will be strongly felt throughoutthe light of victory only throughof those who become the prodthe schools of the country.the blood of sacrifice and theucts of such a system, a veryrkness of reverses.hearty abhorrence of war, anditareis—'TWENTY-FIVENewNew—*

PAGETHE AMERICAN LEGION WEEKLY6among manytoof them a determinationparticipation in what theybeen made to believe is neverrefusehavejustifiable.The next question, and a very pracis to what extent, if at all,tical one,should such a policy of training be inaugurated in our own country at this time. That such apolicy is seriously proposed isattested by the public utterances of sincere people whoin the attempt to exterminate eachother, were stimulated in their effortsby the impressive appeals of their leading Christians, who raised their voicesprayer tostrengthen andinwork ofthe common Godmake more effectivetothetheir respective armies.teachers of all religions. The generalidea was expressed in the phrase sooften heard: "A war to end war."We cannot gain a true concept ofwar unless we remind ourselves thatwars have marked the life of man uponthis earth from the earliest time ofwhichbelieve in its effectiveness tolessen the probability of war.Undoubtedly some of the peacesocieties, in their efforts to \Before undertaking to comdesirability ofinaugurating such a policy inour country, it is due the importance of the subject to consider some aspects of war, theAna-may, of course, failthrough diplomacy to accomplish the national will and notgo so far as to resort to war.Recourse may be had, for example, to a tariff war, to theseverance of official relationsfor a period of time as a protest or rebuke to the otherorButscience soldiers may have in regard totheir participation in war, these haveusually been anaesthetized by the exhortations of justification made bythose whose duty it is to have a moreprofound knowledge of Christianity. Sowas during the World War, whenChristians on opposing sides, engageditaverageeffective.Quite generally throughoutthe world, the mass of mankind would advance the inevitable time when an effectiveorganization will maintainworld order. The majority ofevery people in the worldwouldadvanceundoubtedlythat time to the immediate future, but thus far they havebeen unorganized for the attainment of their common pur-Their prayers and theirhave not been translated, except here and there,pose.hopesintoeffectiveaction.Andwhere there has been a contribution toward the endsought in the form of effectivesoldiers, at least,should be sufficiently frank torecognize the fact that thekilling and maiming of warand the rancor and hatred thatare by-products of war areentirely out of harmony with the conception of correct living laid down bySoldiers,the Founder of Christianity.however, have not found it necessary togive much consideration to the moralTheir officialaspect of war as such.field lies on the technical side, andfurthermore, whatever qualms of con-believesmadegovernmentsBut when warconcerned.does occur, it is to be recognized as an abnormal state ofhuman relations. Its prosecution is contrary to the fundamental teachings of ChristianWar certainly is a floutity.ing of the doctrine of brotherly love, of turning the othercheek, and of the commandment, "Thou shalt not kill."Writers, of course, have undertaken to explain away theanomaly presented by a Christian people engaged in war.Some of them have made aconsiderable success of theirefforts.Themanand commonplace asare the laws which govern therelations of the peoples of theseveral States of our ownUnion. It is obvious, however,to the most optimistic of usthat this time has not yet arrived, in spite of the untoldsacrifices of the World War.Much, apparently, remains tobe done in the way of organization, of effort, of education,and of agreement, before thehope expressed in the phrase,"a war to end war," can betiongovernmentonds.effectivethe accomplishment of the naThis force knowntional will.as war is often resorted tofails.Toissensiblefirmly that thetime is not far distant whenthe relations of men upon thisearth will be governed by rulesof justice and fair dealing asjustification of ever resortingto war, and the probabilitiesof our having to resort to war,either for self-preservation orfor any other justifiable reason. War, of course, has beendefined many times. In brief,it is the utilization of force forwhen diplomacyrecord.not to concludethat the future of human relawillcontinue totionsbemarked by frequent recourseto war, any more than to haveheld some years ago that because man had never flown inthe air from the beginning ofIttime he never would fly.seems only yesterday whengrown-up men of education, indiscussing the gliding flightsof the Wright brothers, averredwith heated impatience thatthe time never would comewhen man would remain in theair for more than a few sec-\contribute something towardthe creation of a better world,go so far as to advocate a policy of this character.ment upon thewe havestate thisaction, such action has beenunco-ordinated with similarNo greatefforts elsewhere.cause has ever progressed farwithout great leadership, andrecently there has not been, in a worldsense at least, any great leadership in—HiaAs I estimated the point of view ofthe average soldier of our war armyand I had an intimate acquaintancewith the habits and thoughts of manyof themcame to believe that heIrecognized the inconsistency of Christians doing the things that war impelsmen to do, but that he justified his participation in the war because of theconviction that the success of the Allieswas a step toward the realization ofthe fundamental teachings of Christianity.By the fundamental teachings ofI'hri tianity is meant, of course, thosegeneral rules of proper human relations that are subscribed to alike by the—]'this fruitful field of effort of sufficientmi ht to call forth a great and unani-mous response from the millions whore ready and who wait only the recognition of that leadership.That is the situation asitexists to-day.Stated in another way, it meansthat the governments of the world, informulating their national policies, arestill unhampered by any police powerof the world.They are circumscribedonly by the composite conscience oftheir own leaders and by the relation(Continued on page 30)

NOVEMBER24,PAGE19227Wallingfords in{or near)O. D.PatriotismIsAsPatriotism Doesin the Case of Certain "VeteranPublicationsByFrederick C. Painton—They've pulled it on you gone up to you with their tale ofwoe and armful of magazines and wheedled you out of aquarter on the strength of the button in your coat lapel andthe scrap of uniform which they wore done it to you perhaps until your indignation at the treatment you supposedthey were receiving gave way to wonder, then to doubt, thento another kind of indignation. Read Mr. Painton's accountof his personal investigation of some of these magazines andand youyou'll learn where those quarters of yours wentsee to it that no more quarters go the same way.——almost every city, east, west,north and south, you will findthem.You recall the smoothtalking chap wearing some partof an O. D. or navy blue uniform,INeither the blouse or the trousers, thespirals or the Munson last shoes, inorder to suggest that he took a minorpart in the late guerre.The youngish-looking man who stepped up to youwhile you were with your girl, yourwife, your mother or your sister; whoshoved a copy of a strange, gaudilycovered magazine under your nose andasked you to buy, glibly explaining,possibly, that the money was to be usedfor the relief of disabled or needy veterans.And you recall that when yougave him a piece of money that clinkedtwenty-five cents worth, it joined otherclinks worth the same amount securedin the same way.It seemed the right thing to do'. Thegirl said, "Oh, John, do let's help thepoor chaps," and you felt the sameway, thinking that if you got over andback whole-skinned, you ought to helpthose who didn't; and if you didn't getin at all you ought to help those whodid.Itwas a natural reactionto help, ahuman and praiseworthy impulse, especially gratifying if the money went tohelp the vast group of physically andeconomically disabled ex-service men.Butitdidn't.Seventeen cents of the quarter, orthereabouts, remained to clink in thepocket of the salesmaneight cents,more or less, clinked into the pocket of;the publisher. As for the magazineone glance, and, nine times out of ten,it was flipped into the wastepaper can.This typical method of preying onthe sentimentality of a snap-judgmentpublic was the reason for the existenceof numerous "veteran magazines," ostensibly dedicated to the righting ofthe World War veteran's wrongs ofvarious kinds, which sprang up liketoadstools in the night, waxing fat ina rain of sentimental twenty-five centpieces, and which, remaining in business, comprise now an interesting industry.Shrieking their allegiance tothe cause of the veterans, sobbing outblurbs about the "glorious 'eroes sleeping in the parks," they solicit aid attwenty-five cents an aid, no fraction ofwhich ninety-nine and nine-tenths percent of the veterans, in need of assistance or not, ever see.As they are capitalizing the reputation that five million men built during the war, it is of great concern toknow whether or not their operationsare prejudicial to our interests.Many of these publications whichappeared in various parts of the country have come and gone, but the dozenodd that are still in existence are, apTheirparently, hardier than ever.especial stronghold is in the East whereseveral of them, operating on a national basis with agents scattered overthe country, are thriving. The businessmethods of all of them are about thesame. The editor, or publisher, merelysells his product by wholesale to agentswho, in turn, retail it to the public andkeep the profits, the profits being, incomparison with those involved in thenormal magazine sale, grotesquelyhigh. A few of these publications willdo for dissecting purposes. Let us examine them closely and apply a eivingmailat58Vesey Street, New York City. Of thisclass of magazine published in NewYork, it is the only one to hold a second-class mailing privilege and theonly one that approximates a realmagazine in make-up, although it isreally only a notch or less low in general worthlessness of content than itsbrethren. According to a recent statement of Victor N. Miller, formerly it'sbusiness manager, 150,000 copies of"Treat 'em Square" were sold duringlast May.Thesale pricewas 25cents a copy.This means, assuming that the agentssold all they bought, that in thatmonth 37,500 clinked out of the public's pocket for this one publication.Ofthis, calculating the division ofprofits between the publisher and agenton the customary basis, 12,000 wentto Robert Haimes, its editor, and hisassociates, and 25,500 went to thesalesmen.The editors of this magazine in astatement recently printed in the NewYork World said their publication hadaveraged a circulation of 80,000 forIn other words, in half asix months.year -180,000 copies had been sold. Onehundred and twenty thousand dollarsgarnered from the public from the saleof just one of these magazines!When I approached Editor Haimesin the guise of a down-trodden veteranlooking for a mouthhold on the goldenspigot, suggesting that I should like tobe a salesman for his publication, hewas glowingly enthusiastic about themoney-making prospects."You can average from tento twentydollars a day," he said; and, to addconviction to his declaration, he showed

PAGETHE AMERICAN LEGION WEEKLY8me a letter from an agent in Texaswhich started, "I've worked the public all my life," and went on to saythat selling "Treat 'Em Square" wasthe best method he had run across yet.Let us turn for a moment to "VetFun and Facts,""Treat 'Em Square" iswhich, ifthe mostpretentious of its kind, certainly is themost seedy. Poorly printed, filled witherans'stale jokes, amateur cartoons, monthold sporting news and clipped newspaper features, it is about as interest-ing as a year-old seed catalogue.To understand its peculiar status,it is necessary to refer again to theNew York World which recentlyprinted several articles upon this typeThe World states thatof publication.Arthur Guarino, its editor, was convicted in the New York Court of General Sessions for inciting boys to stealhis competitors' magazines.One notorious person got out a magazine exactly in the style that this newone is printed and distributed it bycapitalizing on public sympathy. Buthe solicited money for non-existent disabled men's welfare organizations andthereby ran afoul the law, somethingthe later publishers have so far steeredclear of.But he was the Columbusthat discovered the new money worldand his disciples are profiting by hismistakes.Guarino's office, located at 186 Remsen Street, Brooklyn, when I soughthim out, was a murky little cubbyhole containing only Guarino, one stenographer and a manager of salesmen. Again becoming for the time being a bench-warming ex-service man,I asked him the prospects of a job.Now, on every issue of this magazine appears the line: "Published anddistributed monthly by ex-service menas temporary employment." One wouldnaturally think my discharge would beasked for.Nothing of the sort hap-pened"Sure we can give you a job," he replied. "We'll sell you the magazine forseven cents a copy cash.What haveyou been doing?"!"Nothing; waiting for the VocationalBoard to pass my case.""After you get selling this magazineyou won't want vocational training,""You can make from fifteenhe said.to thirty dollars a day."While he was discussing plans of exploiting a new territory with the manager of his salesman, I picked up fromhis desk a thin magazine, thinking itwas a copy of his

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