Transcription
HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYSSPECIFICATIONS AND DELIVERABLESMarch 2019U.S. Department of CommerceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationNational Ocean Service
Contents1 Introduction.11.1 Change Management. 21.2 Changes from April 2018. 21.3 Definitions. 41.3.1 Hydrographer. 41.3.2 Navigable Area Survey. 41.4 Pre-Survey Assessment. 51.5 Environmental Compliance. 51.6 Dangers to Navigation. 61.6.1 Definition. 61.6.2 DTON Submission to Non-NOAA Source Authorities. 71.6.2.1 Federal USACE Channels .71.6.2.2 Aids to Navigation (USGC).71.6.2.3 Bridge Heights.81.6.2.4 Pipelines.81.6.3 DTON Submission to NOAA. 81.6.4 Charted Feature Remove Request (Anti-DTON). 91.7 Seep and Pipeline Report.92 Datums.102.1 Time. 102.2 Horizontal Datum. 102.3 Vertical Datum. 102.3.1 Charted Soundings and Heights. 102.3.2 Survey Platform Positioning (Control). 103 Hydrographic Positioning.113.1 GNSS Terminology. 113.2 Horizontal Control . 113.3 Vertical Control. 123.4 Differential GNSS Reference Stations (DGPS & ERS). 123.5 Ellipsoid Referenced Survey Control. 123.5.1 ERS Planning and Operational Requirement. 133.5.2 ERS GNSS Infrastructure. 133.6 ERS Datum Transformation Requirements. 143.6.1 VDatum. 143.6.2 Ellipsoidally-Referenced Zoned Tides (ERZT) . 153.6.3 Constant Value Separation Model . 154 Tides and Water Levels Requirements.164.1 General Project Requirements and Scope. 174.1.1 Scope. 174.1.2 Objectives. 174.1.3 Planning and Preliminary Tidal Zoning. 174.1.4 NOS Control Stations and Data Quality Monitoring. 184.1.5 General Data and Reference Datum Requirements. 184.1.6 Error Budget Considerations. 194.2 Data Collection and Field Work. 214.2.1 Water Level Station Requirements. 214.2.2 Water Level Sensors. 224.2.2.1 Bottom Mounted Pressure Gauge (BMPG) . 25
4.2.2.2 GPS Tide Buoys. 264.2.3 Station Installation, Operation and Removal. 274.2.4 Tide Staff . 284.2.5 Bench Marks. 304.2.5.1 Types of Bench Marks. 314.2.5.2 Digital Photographs of the Station and Bench Marks. 324.2.5.3 Obtaining and Recording of Positions of Stations, Data Collection Platform, Sensors, and BenchMarks Using a Handheld GPS Receiver. 324.2.6 Leveling. 334.2.6.1 Leveling Frequency. 334.2.6.2 Stability. 334.2.7 Water Level Station Documentation. 344.2.8 Additional Field Requirements. 344.2.9 Geodetic Connections and Datums Relationship. 354.3 Data Processing and Reduction. 364.3.1 Data Quality Control. 364.3.2 Data Processing and Tabulation of the Tides. 364.3.3 Data Editing and Gap Filling Specifications. 374.3.4 Computation of Monthly Means. 374.4 Computation of Tidal Datums and Water Level Datums. 374.4.1 Datum Computational Procedures. 374.4.2 Tidal Datum Recovery. 374.4.3 Quality Control. 384.5 Final Zoning and Tide Reducers. 384.5.1 Water Level Station Summaries. 384.5.2 Construction of Final Tidal Zoning Schemes. 384.5.3 Tide Reducer Files and Final Tide Note. 394.5.4 Tidal Constituents and Residual Interpolation (TCARI). 394.6 Data Submission Requirements. 404.6.1 Station Documentation. 404.6.2 Water Level Data. 414.6.3 Tabulations and Tidal Datums. 444.6.4 Tide Reducers and Final Zoning and Final Tide Note. 444.6.5 Submission and Deliverables - Documentation and Timelines. 454.6.6 CO-OPS Final Deliverables and Timelines. 474.7 Guidelines and References. 485 Depth Sounding.505.1 General Standards for Depth . 515.1.1 Definition of Terms. 515.1.2 Units. 515.1.3 Uncertainty Standards. 515.1.4 Resolution and Feature Detection Standards. 525.2 Multibeam and Other Echosounders. 525.2.1 Gridded Data Specifications. 535.2.1.1 Background. 535.2.1.2 General Grid Requirements . 535.2.1.2.1 Grid Management. 535.2.1.2.2 Multiple Echo Sounding Sources in a Single or Multiple Grids . 535.2.1.2.3 Designated Soundings. 545.2.1.2.4 Attribution. 555.2.2 Coverage and Resolution. 56
5.2.2.1 Bathymetric Splits. 575.2.2.2 Object Detection Coverage.575.2.2.3 Complete Coverage. 605.2.2.4 Set Line Spacing . 625.2.2.5 Trackline Specifications. 635.2.2.5.1 Transit Surveys. 635.2.2.5.2 Reconnaissance Surveys. 645.2.3 Corrections to Echo Soundings and Uncertainty Assessment. 655.2.3.1 Instrument Error Corrections. 665.2.3.2 Draft Corrections. 675.2.3.3 Speed of Sound Corrections. 685.2.3.4 Attitude Corrections. 705.2.3.5 Error Budget Analysis for Depths. 705.2.3.6 Uncertainty Budget Analysis for Depths. 715.2.4 Quality Control. 725.2.4.1 Multibeam Sonar Calibration. 725.2.4.2 Crosslines . 735.3 Lidar. 755.3.1 Accuracy and Resolution Standards. 755.3.1.1 Lidar Resolution Standards. 755.3.1.2 Gridded Data Specifications. 755.3.2 Coverage and Resolution. 765.3.3 Corrections to Lidar Soundings. 775.3.4 Quality Control. 775.3.4.1 Lidar Calibration. 775.3.4.2 Lidar Crosslines. 786 Acoustic Backscatter.796.1 Towed Side Scan Sonar. 796.1.1 Coverage . 796.1.2 Side Scan Acquisition Parameters and Requirements. 806.1.2.1 Accuracy. 806.1.2.2 Speed. 806.1.2.3 Towfish Height. 806.1.2.4 Horizontal Range. 806.1.3 Quality Control. 816.1.3.1 Confidence Checks. 816.1.3.2 Environmental Influences. 816.1.3.3 Side Scan Sonar Contacts. 816.1.3.4 Side Scan Sonar Contact Attribution. 826.1.3.5 Side Scan Sonar Contact Correlation. 826.1.3.6 Identification of Features. 836.2 Multibeam Echo Sounder Seafloor Backscatter. 836.2.1 Coverage. 836.2.2 Acquisition Parameters and Requirements. 836.2.2.1 Accuracy. 836.2.2.2 Acquisition Parameters. 836.2.2.3 Requirements. 837 Features.847.1 Feature Definition. 847.2 Composite Source File and Project Reference File . 847.2.1 Maritime Boundary Points. 85
7.2.2 Junctions. 867.2.3 Bottom Characteristics. 867.3 Final Feature File. 877.3.1 Assigned Features. 877.3.2 New Features. 887.3.3 Feature Developments. 887.3.4 Feature Disprovals. 887.3.5 Aids to Navigation . 897.4 Designated Soundings. 907.5 Feature Attribution. 907.5.1 S-57 Attribution. 917.5.2 NOAA Extended Attribution . 967.5.3 NOAA Discretionary Attribution. 988 Deliverables.998.1 Field Reports . 998.1.1 Progress Reports. 1018.1.1.1 Weekly Progress Reports . 1018.1.1.2 Monthly Progress Report . 1028.1.2 Survey Outline . 1038.1.3 Coast Pilot . 1048.1.4 Descriptive Report (DR) . 1058.1.5 Descriptive Report Summary and Descriptive Report Memo . 1128.1.6 Descriptive Report Supplemental Reports. 1148.1.6.1 Data Acquisition and Processing Report . 1148.1.6.2 Horizontal and Vertical Control Reports. 1188.2 Side Scan Sonar Deliverable. 1198.2.1 Side Scan Sonar Mosaic . 1198.2.2 Side Scan Sonar Contact File. 1208.3 Digital Data Files. 1208.3.1 Media. 1208.3.2 Bathymetric Data. 1218.3.3 Side Scan Sonar Data. 1228.3.4 Backscatter Deliverables. 1238.3.5 ERS Data Deliverables. 1238.3.6 Other Data. 124Appendix A: Tide Station Report and Water Level Measurement System Site Report.127Appendix B: Abstract of Times of Hydrography for Smooth Tides or Water Levels.132Appendix C: Example Request for Smooth Tides/Water Levels Letter.133Appendix D: Danger to Navigation Report.134Appendix E: WATLEV Attribution.137Appendix F: NOAA Extended Attributes Schema.138Appendix G: Bottom Classification.140Appendix H: Survey Data Submission.145Appendix I: Data Directory Structure.147Appendix J: Marine Mammal and Sea Turtle Observation
1. 1 Introduction. These technical specifications detail the requirements for hydrographic surveys to be undertaken either by National . Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) field units or by organizations under contract to the Director,
