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DOCK PLANNING STANDARDSDOCKPLANNINGSTANDARDS 2013 Nova Technology InternationalAll Rights ReservedA
TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTSDESIGN THE SITE.2Safety.2Location of the Loading Docks.2Plan On-site Traffic Patterns.3Design the Apron Space.3Dock Approach.4Select the Loading Dock Configuration.5Inside/Outside Dock.6Open Dock.6Additional Dock Configurations.7Determine the Number of Dock Positions.8DESIGN THE LOADING DOCK.8Truck Specifications.8Sea Containers. 10Underride Protection Bars. 10Set the Dock Height. 10Set the Loading Bay Widths. 11Select Dock Doors. 12Determine Door Sizes. 12Widths. 12Heights. 13Design the Dock Interior. 13DOCKLEVELERS. 14Recessed Docklevelers. 14Mechanical Docklevelers. 15Powered Docklevelers. 15Edge-of-Dock Docklevelers. 16Specify the Correct Dockleveler. 17Length. 17Width. 18Lip Projection. 19Load Capacity. 19Activation System. 20Environmental Capability. 20Optional Features. 20Benefits of Hydraulic and Air Bag Docklevelers over Mechanical Docklevelers. 20Specifying the Elevating Dock. 21BUMPERS. 21TRAILER RESTRAINTS. 22RIG-Dependent Restraints. 23Manual Wheel Chocks. 23COMMUNICATION LIGHTS. 24DOCK RUN-OFF PROTECTION. 24Gate Barriers. 24Lip Barriers. 24SEALING SYSTEMS. 25Selection Criteria . 25Grade of Approach. 25Overhead Door Dimensions. 25Dock Bumper Projection. 26Dock Height. 26Mounting Surface. 26Compression Foam Dock Seals. 26Truck Shelters. 27Dock Lights. 28CONTACT NOVA. 28 2013 Nova Technology InternationalAll Rights Reserved1
DOCK PLANNING STANDARDSDESIGN THE SITESafetyThe Material Transfer Zone (MTZ), which acts asa bridge between the truck and warehouse, is adangerous place where safety must be the mostimportant consideration.Shipping docks and receiving docks can be combined,with shipping and receiving together (Figure 1), orthey can be separated, with shipping and receiving indifferent areas of the building (Figure 2).TrucksSafety is often considered only after a serious accidenthas occurred on the dock. To ensure the safety of dockattendants and product, consider all potential problemsthat could occur.Shipping andReceiving DockConsider security. Select the correct dock leveler foryour facility. For additional safety at the loading dock,consider adding a vehicle restraint to help preventunexpected trailer creep during the loading andunloading process.Perform regular maintenance on the equipment.Equipment should be cleaned, lubricated and checkedby a technician for longer product life and betterproductivity. Plan for maintenance of bumpers, lights,communication packages, and other loading dockaccessories. Inventory these items regularly as wheelchocks can be swept away by plows and light bulbswill need to be replaced. Perform regular checks onthe seals and shelters to make sure they do not leak.Infiltrating air will raise energy usage and may result inuncomfortable working conditions.Protect your investment. Choose a barrier gate thatprevents loading equipment from colliding with anddamaging the dock doors. A barrier gate acts as aprotective barrier against costly door damage.ManufacturingProcessFigure 1TrucksIntegrated control panels are useful when combiningdock and overhead doors with other loadingequipment. If you have combined a dockleveler with atrailer restraint and an automatic door, interconnectingeach into a single control panel is an effective way tocreate a safer work environment.Receiving DockSelect the appropriate dockleveler capacity basedon both the gross load and frequency of materialhandling devices in use at the site for optimal durabilityand safety. Also consider push button controlledpowered docklevelers for ergonomic and ease ofoperation reasons as they put less physical stresson the dock attendants. If non-powered mechanicaldocklevelers are already present, consider upgradingthe dockleveler to a push button controlled powereddockleveler with a hydraulic conversion kit.ManufacturingProcessShipping DockLocation of the Loading DocksLocate the loading docks to minimize forklift trafficinside the building. Rather than transporting individualpallets inside the building, unload trucks at multipledocks.
dock (discussed in detail in Set the Dock Height on page 10). When using electric powered loading equipment, the maximum grade percentage is 10%. For gas or diesel
