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S OLU TIONSFOR R A ILF O U N D AT I O N A L S O F T W A R E F O RTOMORROW’S R AIL SYSTEMSB L A C K B E R R Y. Q N X . C O M

FO U N DATI O N A LS O F T WA R E S O LU TI O N SRail transportation is growing rapidly as trends such asurbanization, green energy, digitalization and autonomous railtechnology drive demand for modern and smart railway systems.Functional safety and cybersecurity are top of mind as newsoftware-defined rail systems are developed and communitiesand rail companies reimagine mass transit.Increased ridership and the demands of freightpaired with aging infrastructures are drivinginvestments to refurbish signaling systems, railyards, wayside systems, operations control centersand rolling stock. Costly maintenance of analogand legacy hardware, often from manufacturerslong out of business, is creating opportunitiesfor new software-driven infrastructures, asis the migration to green, sustainable energytechnologies.Automated safety systems, such as Rail Controlsystems, Positive Train Control (PTC), AutomaticTrain Operation and fully autonomous rapid transitmonitored by remote operation control centers areincreasingly part of the solution. These systemsare supported by modern sensors and softwaresolutions retrofitted to railway tracks and signalingsystems to provide additional safety mechanismsfor the locomotives and rolling stock, the tracksand the public.Intelligent, automated software-defined systemsare the foundation of railway digitalization; theyenable advanced efficient control, communication,monitoring, maintenance and response in rail2networks. At the same time, safety requirementsloom large, as do cybersecurity challenges due toincreased connectivity, automation and Internet ofThings (IoT) integration. Regulatory compliance isincreasing at the same time manufacturers needto control the lifetime cost of equipment that mustrun reliably, securely and safely for decades.BlackBerry QNX works closely with its railpartners to deliver the expertise and technologiesneeded to help them adapt and thrive in thischanging environment. BlackBerry QNX providesrobust, safe and secure embedded softwaresolutions that are trusted throughout the global railindustry and beyond. We help rail manufacturersand suppliers like you develop safe and securesystems with lower costs over long productlifecycles. A foundation of BlackBerry QNXsoftware can maximize reliability, increase systemlongevity and ease maintenance.

300 millionmission-criticalsystems100%success rateachieving safetyGIVXMƼGEXMSR40 years buildingtrusted embeddedsoftware3

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WHY LEADINGR A I L M A N U FAC T U R E RSC H O O S E B L AC K B E R RY Q N XBlackBerry QNX helps rail manufacturers and suppliers to overcomemany challenges at once. The same QNX operating systemthat enables rail companies to build in functional safety andcybersecurity also helps them to improve reliability, simplify safetycertification and reduce costs over the lifetime of rail systems.At the heart of BlackBerry QNX embedded solutions is the microkernel QNX Neutrino Real-TimeOperating System (RTOS). The microkernel architecture minimizes downtime and reduces attacksurfaces through isolation and separation of functions. Device drivers and system services run alongsideapplications, separated from one another and separated from the kernel. Running all OS services outsideof kernel space enables highly available, fault-tolerant designs because the failure of a given application,a device driver or a service doesn’t crash the kernel, other services, drivers or other applications.Building on the QNX Neutrino RTOS can help you to develop more resilient and reliable systems.The QNX Neutrino RTOS also improves design flexibility. QNX-based systems are easier to develop,debug, configure, reconfigure and expand than are systems based on any monolithic kernel.With a microkernel architecture, the QNX Neutrino RTOS scales from single core to multicore tohigh-performance computing platforms seamlessly. If a system has a very limited capability andfunctionality, the microkernel design can jettison excess services to fit in a very small footprint withvery little memory.Additionally, with the QNX Hypervisor and its safety variant, the QNX Hypervisor for Safety, you cancontain entire systems with their OSs as guests in hypervisor virtual machines. This means that you canport legacy code built on different OSs (e.g., Android , Linux ) onto new SoCs and run them concurrentlywith your latest product. You can also implement new features or upgrade entire systems in virtualmachines, confident that the new code won’t affect other systems, including safety-critical systems,running on the SoC.5

ACCELER ATESAFET YCERTIFICATIONREDUCE COSTOF OWNERSHIPSTRENGTHENCYBERSECURIT YEASILYPORT YOURSOFTWAREMANAGE MIXEDCRITICALIT YESTABLISHRELIABILIT Y6

BlackBerry QNX safety services and functional safety training are available to help you successfully navigateyour next certification project. We offer trusted expertise in safety and cybersecurity standards, such as IEC 61508,the basis for industry standards, and rail-specific standards, such as EN 50128 for railway control and protection,EN 50129 for signaling and EN 50657 for rolling stock.ACCELERATE SAFET Y CERTIFICATIONMANAGE MIXED CRITICALIT YSafety is a grave concern for the rail industry and regulatorsworldwide. Certifying a system to industry standards likeIEC 61508, EN 50128 or EN 50657 is time-consuming andcostly—and an almost impossible task with an open sourceOS, such as Linux. The use of a safety pre-certified OS orhypervisor greatly simplifies your development and testingeffort and shortens overall system certification processes.BlackBerry QNX solutions help developers build safe systemsthat deliver real-time performance.Rail systems often need to run safety-critical softwareconcurrently and isolated from non-safety-critical software,such as legacy code and open source applications. Suchmixed-criticality systems require a mechanism to ensure theisolation and separation of these systems. This isolation andseparation can be achieved either by running each system on itsown hardware platform or by using a virtualization solution toconsolidate them both on a single system-on-a-chip (SoC).Using pre-certified software and hardware componentsreduces the scope, risk, length and cost of rail systemcertification to any safety standard. BlackBerry QNX solutionsare built with a focus on safety, cybersecurity and the real-timedeterminism needed for safe rail systems. The QNX OS forSafety and the QNX Hypervisor for Safety are pre-certified foruse in applications requiring IEC 61508 SIL 3 and can be usedin systems certified to EN 50128, EN 50657 and otherapplicable standards.STRENGTHEN CYBERSECURIT YTrain and signaling systems are increasingly integrated andconnected—and at risk of cyberattack. A cybersecurity breachcan put drivers, passengers and the public at risk. With theindustry’s most advanced and secure embedded RTOS formission-critical systems, the QNX Neutrino RTOS and the QNXHypervisor provide a layered approach to security that won’thamper functionality or performance.Building and maintaining a secure system requires a reliableand secure OS, secure over-the-air (OTA) software updates,a secure supply chain and managed public key infrastructure(PKI) authentication. The QNX Neutrino RTOS reduces theattack surface by running all services outside of the kernelspace, and provides multi-layered protection with system-widesecurity policies, path trust, fortified functions, access controls,security tooling and separation and isolation mechanisms.BlackBerry Jarvis , our software composition analysis solution,can help you to uncover and remediate software vulnerabilitiesin components from across your supply chain without having toaccess source code.The QNX Hypervisor and QNX Hypervisor for Safety enabledesigners to run multiple OSs and their applications as guestsin virtual machines on a single SoC. These products leveragethe latest Armv8 and x86-64 hardware virtualization extensionsto enable developers to run diverse OSs with different criticalitylevels and functional safety requirements on one SoC whilemaintaining optimal performance.ESTABLISH RELIABILIT YHighly available, robust software systems for rail requirea fail-proof foundation over a long product lifecycle.Rail equipment needs to boot quickly, run precisely, eliminatesystem crashes and ensure that the highest-priority tasks runfirst. A deterministic microkernel RTOS provides the foundationthat rail systems need to deliver the reliability expected bycustomers today and into the future.The QNX Neutrino RTOS’s microkernel architecture facilitatessoftware component updates. Because drivers and services runoutside the kernel space, they can be added and upgraded withminimal impact on the kernel and the system. Similarly, if driversand services are not safety-critical and thus outside the scopeof safety-certifications, changes to them will require less workto ensure the functional safety of critical components and theoverall system.In short, the QNX microkernel architecture offers both innatereliability and a clear, low-cost strategy for upgrades thatmake it ideal for systems that require long-term reliabilityand maintainability.7

EASILY PORT YOUR SOFTWAREREDUCE COST OF OWNERSHIPReusing application and driver code across devices and productlines can enable you to deliver new product introductions fasterand drive more revenue. Committing your own resources tothe development and maintenance of an OS based on an opensource distribution, such as Linux, drives up costs. In contrast,BlackBerry QNX manages all OS maintenance and updatesfor you.Less downtime and maintenance, coupled with the availabilityof long-term customer support, can significantly reduce totalcost of ownership. The development resources your companydevotes to internal OS or hypervisor maintenance add up yearafter year, making an open source foundation impractical forsystems with long lifecycles.What’s more, with the QNX Hypervisor, you can develop newcode on the QNX Neutrino RTOS and run Linux and Androidon the same SoC. If your system is safety-critical, you canuse the QNX Hypervisor for Safety and use the hypervisor’ssafety-certified virtual machines to isolate non-safetysystems from your safety-certified systems.Rail system developers can migrate and manage legacy andLinux code by porting it to BlackBerry QNX. The QNX SoftwareDevelopment Platform (SDP) is POSIX-compliant, so you caneasily port any software from Linux at any phase of the softwaredevelopment lifecycle. Rail developers ramp up quickly on QNXsoftware because it looks and feels like Linux and uses familiartools, such as the Eclipse-based QNX Momentics IDE and theGNU compiler collection (gcc).BlackBerry QNX helps rail manufacturers and equipment ownersreduce costs and downtime for embedded systems that run fordecades. When you use the QNX Neutrino RTOS, QNX Hypervisorsolutions across product lines, you gain the flexibility of beingable to build drivers and other software components once anduse them across the business.BOARD SUPPORTBoard support packages (BSPs) andengineering services, including specializedsafety and security services, streamlinedevelopment timelines. BlackBerry QNXBoard Support Packages (BSPs) providean abstraction layer of hardware-specificsoftware that facilitates the implementationof the QNX Neutrino RTOS on a given board.The extensive QNX BSP library includesBSPs for SoCs manufactured by leadinghardware manufacturers. In addition, theQNX Neutrino RTOS supports applicationsusing a wide selection of Arm and x86 GPUs.Learn more about our library of BSPs

Since 1980, thousands of companieshave deployed QNX’s real-time operatingsystems to ensure the ideal combinationof performance, security and reliabilityin mission-critical systems.9