SAT Subject Tests Student Guide - SAT Suite Of Assessments

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2020-21The SATSubject Tests StudentGuideInformation about all20 SAT Subject Tests Test-taking adviceand tipsSample questionsfor all testsMATH HISTORY SCIENCE LITERATURE LANGUAGESFind more free andaffordable practice atSATSubjectTests.org.

About College BoardCollege Board is a mission-driven not-for-profit organization that connects students to collegesuccess and opportunity. Founded in 1900, College Board was created to expand accessto higher education. Today, the membership association is made up of over 6,000 of theworld’s leading educational institutions and is dedicated to promoting excellence and equityin education. Each year, College Board helps more than seven million students prepare fora successful transition to college through programs and services in college readiness andcollege success—including the S A T and the Advanced Placement Program. The organizationalso serves the education community through research and advocacy on behalf of students,educators, and schools.For further information, visit collegeboard.org.S A T Customer ServiceYou can reach us from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m. (ET)Summer hours (after the June test through August 19): Monday–Friday 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. (ET)phone:email:mail:866-756-7346International: 1-212-713-7789sat@info.collegeboard.orgCollege Board S A T ProgramP.O. Box 025505Miami, FL 33102Services for Students with Disabilities (SSD) d.org 2020 College Board. College Board, Advanced Placement, AP, SAT, Student Search Service, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of College Board.BigFuture, SAT Subject Tests, Score Choice, The Official SAT Study Guide, The Official SAT Subject Tests in Mathematics Levels 1 & 2 Study Guide, TheOfficial SAT Subject Tests in U.S. and World History Study Guide, and The Official Study Guide for all SAT Subject Tests are trademarks owned by CollegeBoard. All other products and services may be trademarks of their respective owners. Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org.Khan Academy is a trademark registered in the United States and other jurisdictions.

Contents12568111417232832Using This GuideBefore Test DayOn Test DayAfter the TestsLiteratureUnited States HistoryWorld HistoryMathematics Level 1 and Level 2Biology E/MChemistryPhysicsUsing This GuideUse this booklet to familiarize yourself with the S A TSubject Tests . Remember, if you have access to theinternet you can find everything in this booklet, includinganswer explanations for the practice questions, atSATSubjectTests.org.Know What to ExpectUse the information in this booklet and online to helpavoid surprises on test day.Review the equipment you need for each test. (See“Subject Tests Requiring Special Equipment.”)Learn the test directions. If you become familiar withthe directions now, you’ll leave yourself more time toanswer the questions when you take the test. Notethat some Subject Tests, such as Chemistry, havespecial instructions.Review the sample questions. The more familiar youare with the question formats, the more comfortableyou’ll feel when you see similar questions on theactual test.Understand how the tests are scored. Hard questionscount the same as easier questions. You may not be ableto complete all the questions in the time given, but itisn’t necessary to get every question correct to receivethe highest score for the test. Refer to the next columnto learn more about how the tests are scored.Be aware of what you need to know about taking thistest. When you register for the tests, you agree to theSAT Terms and Conditions on page 74.Understand the TestsWhat the SAT Subject Tests MeasureThe S A T Subject Tests are one-hour-long assessmentsthat give you the opportunity to demonstrate knowledgeand showcase achievement in specific subjects. They374248535658616567717274Chinese with ListeningFrench and French with ListeningGerman and German with ListeningModern HebrewItalianJapanese with ListeningKorean with ListeningLatinSpanish and Spanish with ListeningAcceptable and Unacceptable CalculatorsAdditional Information About TestingSAT Terms and Conditionsprovide a fair and reliable measure of yourachievement in high school—information that canhelp enhance your college application.SAT Subject Tests measure how well you know aparticular subject area and your ability to apply thatknowledge. SAT Subject Tests aren’t connected tospecific textbooks or teaching methods. The contentof each test evolves to reflect the latest trends inwhat is taught in typical high school courses in thecorresponding subject.How the SAT Subject Tests Are ScoredThe total score for each test is on a 200–800 scale in10-point intervals.Each test is scored slightly differently depending onhow many answer choices there are.Each correct answer receives one point. Eachincorrect answer is subtracted as follows:1/4 point subtracted for each 5-choice question1/3 point subtracted for each 4-choice question1/2 point subtracted for each 3-choice question0 points subtracted for questions you don’tanswerSee specific subject sections in this booklet for moreinformation.How Colleges Use S A T Subject TestScoresColleges use SAT Subject Test scores to gain insightinto your academic background and achievement inspecific subject areas. They use this information incombination with other factors—high school grades,letters of recommendation, extracurricular activities,essays, etc.—to make admission or placementdecisions.The SAT Subject Tests Student Guide1

Even if they don’t require the tests colleges anduniversities often review the scores during the applicationprocess because they can give a fuller picture of youracademic achievement. Many colleges also use SubjectTests for course placement and advising; some schoolsallow you to place out of introductory courses throughsubmitting scores on certain Subject Tests.Which SAT Subject Tests You Should TakeS A T Subject Tests are the only college admission testswhere you can choose the subjects you’re tested in. Youselect the Subject Test(s) and can take up to 3 tests inone sitting.The S A T Subject Tests that you choose to take shouldbe based on the subject areas you enjoy in school andyour academic strengths. The tests are a great way toindicate interest in specific majors or programs of study(e.g., engineering, premed, cultural studies).Certain colleges or programs of study require orrecommend specific tests, such as mathematics orscience, so it’s important to make sure you understandthe policies prior to choosing which Subject Tests totake. If you have questions or concerns about admissionpolicies, contact admission officers at individual schools.When to Take S A T Subject TestsCheck the recommended preparation guidelines foreach Subject Test at SATSubjectTests.org (click on eachsubject to view) to make sure you’ve completed therecommended course work. In general, you’ll want totake S A T Subject Tests right after you’ve completed therecommended classes, even in your first or second yearsof high school, because the material will still be freshin your mind. For language tests, however, you shouldconsider delaying testing until after you’ve studied thelanguage for at least 2 years.Check online to see when the Subject Tests you’reinterested in are offered. You should also think aboutcollege application deadlines. Go to bigfuture.org to lookup policies for specific colleges.Sending Scores When You RegisterWhen you register, you also have the opportunity tochoose up to 4 colleges, universities, or scholarshipprograms to receive your scores at no further charge.Only your scores from the test date on the registrationwill be sent, unless you specifically ask to send all yourexisting SAT and SAT Subject Test scores.2The SAT Subject Tests Student GuideBefore Test DayTesting AccommodationsCollege Board provides accommodations such asbraille, large print, and extended time for students whorequire them. You must apply for and get College Boardapproval in advance of the test date when you’ll needthe accommodations. Requests for accommodations arehandled by the Services for Students with Disabilities(SSD) office.Applying for AccommodationsTalk to your school’s SSD coordinator or your counselorto see if accommodations are appropriate. Your SSDcoordinator can submit a request for accommodationsonline. If you choose to request accommodationswithout help from your school, download a paperStudent Eligibility Form from collegeboard.org/ssd.You’ll receive an SSD eligibility letter indicating what (ifany) accommodations you’re approved for.nIf you move to a new school after you’ve beenapproved for accommodations, tell your new schoolthat you’re approved for accommodations.nStudents approved for extended time for specificsubject areas only (math, for example) will only getthose accommodations in those subject area tests.nBring your SSD eligibility letter with you on test dayto provide documentation if needed.Registering with AccommodationsYour SSD number is located on your SSD EligibilityLetter. You’ll need to include this number when youregister with accommodations.If your accommodations aren’t approved at the timeyou’re registering:Transfer to a later date if accommodations are notapproved in time for test day.If approved in time for test day, bring a copy of yourSSD eligibility letter, along with your photo ID andadmission ticket, to the center. If there are enoughmaterials and space, you may be able to test withyour approved accommodations.

The SAT QuestionnaireWhen you register, you have the opportunity to answerquestions about yourself, your educational experience,and your possible plans for after you graduate high school.While you don’t have to answer these questions, westrongly recommend that you do. Your responses giveyour school counselors and college admission officersinformation they can use to help you plan your future. Themore information you provide, the more they can help you.Key facts about Student Search Service:You can join for free and hear from a diverse groupof accredited colleges, universities, scholarships,and other nonprofit educational programs, whichwe refer to as “education organizations.” No otherorganizations or companies are eligible to participate inStudent Search Service.As part of your SAT registration, you will also havethe opportunity to opt-in to Student Search Service.It’s entirely up to you whether to opt-in. The serviceis free to you, but education organizations pay us alicensing fee to use the service. We use those licensefees to support our mission-driven work, includingproviding vouchers so students from lower incomefamilies can take the test for free. College Board is anot-for-profit organization.Being part of Student Search Service is voluntaryand you can opt out at any time. Being contactedby a college or university doesn’t mean you’ve beenadmitted. You must submit an application to beconsidered for admission. Student Search Service issimply a way for education organizations to reachprospective students to let them know about theopportunities they offer.Your answers to some questions (the questionnaireidentifies which ones) won’t appear on your score reportbut will be used by College Board for research andplanning.Your responses, when combined with those of all otherstudents taking the SAT Subject Tests, contribute to anunderstanding of the academic preparation, extra- andcocurricular involvement, and post-high-school plansof your graduating class, which can help colleges anduniversities deliver programs and opportunities to serveyou and your classmates.Score ReportingScores are available for free online atstudentscores.collegeboard.org several weeks aftereach test is given. You can also get your scores, for a fee,by calling Customer Service (see inside front cover).How Student Search Service WorksIf you opt-in, you may be identified by educationorganizations as a potential match for their programsand opportunities.Education organizations generally look for groupsof students based on expected graduation date,where they live, self-reported cumulative grade pointaverage (GPA), test score ranges, intended collegemajor, geography, and other limited parameters. Thisinformation comes from your test registration and otherinformation you provide to College Board. It may alsoinclude your college list, if you created one, on CollegeBoard’s college planning website, BigFuture , atbigfuture.org.College Board never shares your actual test scores,grades, disability status, parent information, ortelephone numbers. Please note that we do share testscore ranges and GPA.Sending Scores When You RegisterWhen you send scores as part of your test registration,we will send just the scores from that testadministration. In all other cases, we’ll send all yourscores, unless you use Score Choice .Score ChoiceScore Choice gives you the option to choose theindividual S A T Subject Test scores you send to colleges.With Score Choice, you have an opportunity to showcolleges the scores you feel best represent your abilities.Score Choice is optional, so if you don’t actively chooseto use it when you order additional score reports, allyour scores will be sent automatically with your scorereport. Most colleges only consider your best scores, soyou should still feel comfortable reporting scores from allof your tests.Student Search Service ProgramNearly 1,900 eligible colleges, universities, scholarships,and other educational programs use our Student SearchService to connect with students who may be a goodmatch for their school or program. As a result, youmay discover colleges or scholarship opportunities youhad not previously considered. Student Search Servicemay also help you start conversations with collegesand scholarship organizations to inform your collegeplanning process.If you have opted-in and match the educationorganization search criteria, we will provide themyour contact information so they can reach out to youby postal mail and/or email about their programs andopportunities. They have to keep your data secure andmay not share your data with any third parties (otherthan service providers to the education organization).The SAT Subject Tests Student Guide3

Colleges and other education organizations sendinformation about things like: Financial aid, scholarships, or other ways tomake college or university more affordable Details on campus life and student services Overviews of majors, courses, and degree options Deadline informationFor more information, visitstudentsearch.collegeboard.org.Opting Out: If at any time you change yourmind and want to stop participating, please visitstudentsearch.collegeboard.org/opt-out or contact us atSearchCustomerService@collegeboard.org or866-825-8051. Please note that education organizationsthat have already received your name and otherdata may continue to send you information. You maycontact such organizations directly to opt out of furthercommunications from them.How to Get Ready for the TestsPrepare and Practice for the Tests Fee Waiver Benefits for IncomeEligible Students The Official Study Guide for All S A T SubjectSAT fee waivers are available to low-income studentsin the U.S. or U.S. territories. U.S. citizens living outsidethe U.S. may be able to have test fees waived. For moreinformation about eligibility, go to sat.org/feewaivers.Tests, Second Edition The Official SAT Subject Test Study Guide –Biology The Official S A T Subject Test Study Guide –ChemistryEligible students can use fee waivers to cover 100%of the registration fees for 2 different Subject Testadministrations.4 The Official SAT Subject Test Study Guide –Math Level 1 The Official SAT Subject Test Study Guide –Fee waivers can be used to register for the tests atany time while registration is open for a test date(includes late registration for U.S. centers).Math Level 2 The Official S A T Subject Test Study Guide –Physics The Official SAT Subject Test Study Guide –Fee waiver users can send an unlimited number ofadditional score reports for no additional fee at anytime before graduating from high school.Seniors who used a fee waiver to register or orderscore reports earlier in high school will receivecollege application fee waivers directly in their onlineaccounts during the fall of their senior year. They canuse them to apply to more than 2,000 participatingcolleges and universities. Counselors can provideprinted forms if necessary.Fee waiver users can fill out a CSS Profile for asmany schools as they want for free. These allowstudents to apply online for nonfederal financial aidfrom colleges, universities, professional schools, andscholarship programs. See cssprofile.collegeboard.orgfor more information.The SAT Subject Tests Student GuideTake challenging classes, study hard, and learnclassroom material.Visit SATSubjectTests.org to access free onlinepractice tools. If you’re preparing to take a Languagewith Listening Test, ask your counselor to order a freeS A T Subject Tests Practice CD from College Board.Review the sample questions, test-taking approaches,and recommended study methods in this bookletand online. Look for free answer explanations for thepractice questions at sat.org/stpractice (under eachsubject). There, you can find the practice pages foreach Subject Test, and download answer explanationsfor the corresponding practice questions. For scienceand math subjects, you can also access free videolesson playlists from Khan Academy .Consider reviewing full-length practice tests thatappear in the following books, available for purchase inbookstores or online at store.collegeboard.org:U.S. History The Official SAT Subject Test Study Guide –World HistoryAll guides include full-length, previously administeredtests, detailed answer explanations, and tips andapproaches to help you prepare for the Subject Tests.Plan to Use These Test-Taking StrategiesRead carefully. Consider all the choices in eachquestion to help avoid careless mistakes.Answer the easy questions first. Work on less timeconsuming questions before moving on to the moredifficult ones. Questions on each test are generallyordered from easiest to hardest.Eliminate answer choices you know are wrong.Cross them out in your test booklet so you can clearlysee which choices are left.

Make educated guesses or skip the question. Ifyou’ve eliminated 1 or more choices you know arewrong, guessing is your best strategy. However, ifyou can’t eliminate any of the answer choices, it’sbest to skip the question. You’ll lose partial points forincorrect answers.Use your test book as scratch paper. Make notes orwrite down ideas in your test book. What you write inthe book won’t affect your score.Circle the questions you’ve skipped. This will helpyou keep track of which questions you’ve skipped.Check your answer sheet regularly. Make sure you’rein the right place.Work at an even, steady pace, and keep track oftime. You’re given 1 hour to complete each test.On Test DayItems to Bring for TestingWhat to Bring:A printed copy of your admission ticket with photo,which is required for entry to the test centerAn acceptable photo ID (Be sure to check online atsat.org/id or in the Student Registration Booklet aboutwhat ID you can use.)Two No. 2 pencils that have soft erasersAn acceptable calculator if taking an SAT Subject Testin MathematicsAn acceptable CD player if taking a Language withListening Subject TestNice to Have:nA nondigital watch (The testing room will havea clock, but you’re allowed to bring a nondigitalwatch. Smartwatch features and audible alarms areprohibited.)A bag or backpack, which must be stored at the frontor to the side of the room during testingSnacks and drinks, which must be stored under thedesk during testingExtra batteries and backup equipmentEpinephrine auto-injectors (e.g., EpiPens) arepermitted in the testing room without the need foraccommodations. If you need one, it must be placedin a clear bag and stored under your desk duringtesting. For other medical devices, you may need torequest an accommodation.Mathematics Level 1 or Level 2See page 71 for more information about acceptableand unacceptable calculators and what to do if yourcalculator malfunctions.Language Tests with ListeningBring an acceptable CD player to the test center. If youneed to purchase or borrow an acceptable CD player,please make arrangements in advance, as these itemsaren’t always readily available.Your CD player MUST be: Equipped with earphones. If the volume on yourCD player disturbs other students, the proctormay ask you to move to another seat. Portable (handheld). Battery operated (no power cords are allowed).nYour CD player should display thisicon.You aren’t allowed to use a CD player with recordingor duplicating capabilities. Portable stereos are alsonot allowed.If you encounter problems with your CD, such asoccasional skipping, try to work through the problemand keep testing if possible. If necessary, raise yourhand and ask the proctor for a replacement CD. If areplacement isn’t available, a makeup test will bearranged.What Not to BringSee page 74, Required and Prohibited Items for Testing,for a list of prohibited devices and other aids that youshould not bring to the test center.Your Rights and ResponsibilitiesPlease read the SAT Terms and Conditions at the backof this booklet for important information about rulesand policies you must follow related to taking SATSubject Tests.Taking the TestsTesting GuidelinesPlan ahead and bring equipment that’s in goodworking order. You can bring backup equipment andextra batteries, but you can’t share calculators or CDplayers with other students. Test center staff won’thave extra batteries or calculators.When marking answers: Use a No. 2 pencil with a soft eraser on allparts of the answer sheet. Don’t use a pen ormechanical pencil. Make sure you fill in the entire bubble darkly andcompletely. Erase any changes you make as completely aspossible. Don’t try to erase all of your answers. If youerase all of the answers to one of the tests youtake on a given date, all of your tests you takethat day will be canceled. Remember you canchoose which scores to send to colleges (seeScore Choice earlier in this section).The SAT Subject Tests Student Guide5

Store any snacks you bring under your desk. You mayonly eat snacks during breaks.After the TestsKeep your ID and admission ticket with you at alltimes, especially if you leave the testing room. Youmay be asked to show your ID or admission ticket atany time while in the test center. Don’t write on theadmission ticket.Useful ResourcesCalculator RulesYou may only use certain kinds of calculators asexplained in the Mathematics Test portion of this guide.If you’re using a calculator with a large (characters oneinch high or more) or raised display that might be visibleto other test takers, the proctor may move you to anotherseat.Canceling ScoresOn test day, if you want to cancel your scores, you mustcancel scores for ALL S A T Subject Tests you take thatday unless your equipment malfunctions. Visitsat.org/cancel-scores for more information.If your equipment (calculator or CD player) failsduring testing, ask for permission to switch to backupequipment if you have it. You may cancel your scoreon the mathematics or listening test if you don’t havebackup equipment. Scores for other SAT Subject Testsyou take that day won’t be canceled.Privacy PoliciesPrivacy Policies. College Board recognizes the importanceof protecting your privacy. Please review our privacypolicies at collegeboard.org/privacy-center (“PrivacyPolicies”) and the SAT Terms and Conditions on page 74to understand our collection, use, and disclosure of yourpersonally identifiable information.Telemarketing and Internet ScamsWe sometimes get reports of phone scams when callersposing as employees of College Board try to sell testpreparation products or request sensitive, personallyidentifying information, such as credit card and SocialSecurity numbers. College Board does not makeunsolicited phone calls or send emails to students orfamilies requesting this type of information. This type ofactivity, known as telemarketing fraud, is a crime.See collegeboard.org/privacy-policy/security.6The SAT Subject Tests Student GuideWe offer resources to help you find the best college andcareer for you, including:BigFuture—Our website helps you plan for collegeand find the college that’s best for you. Visitbigfuture.org.Career Finder —Want to make smart, informeddecisions about your future major and career based onyour passions and interests? Try this engaging onlineexperience powered by our partnership with RoadtripNation . Visit roadtripnation.com/edu/careerfinder.Don’t forget the Free Application for Federal StudentAid (FAFSA)—the form you’ll need to qualify for mostfinancial aid opportunities—can be filed beginningOctober 1. You should complete your FAFSA as early aspossible.

ALSO AVAILABLEBiology n Chemistry n Physics n U.S. HistoryWorld History n Mathematics Level 1 n Mathematics Level 2Get ready for theSAT Subject Testsnn sat.org/storeAdditional SAT Subject Test practice tools at:satsubjecttests.org/practice. 2019 The College Board.01434-078nExclusive test-taking approachesand tips from the test makerActual full-length testsDetailed answer explanations forevery question

LiteratureFORMAT/CONTENTQuestions cover topics emphasized in most high schoolcourses. Because of course differences, most studentswill find there are some questions on topics that aren’tfamiliar to them. You may not be able to complete all thequestions in the time given, but it isn’t necessary to getevery question correct to get a high score or even thehighest score on the test.About 60 multiple-choice questionsSkills CoveredChronologyInterpret themes and meanings of a textUnderstand both denotations and connotations ofwords in contextRecognize the structure of a text, including genre,development, and organizationRespond to a writer’s use of language, includingdiction, imagery, and figurative language, and to itseffects on the readerAnalyze aspects of narration, including narrativevoice, tone, and point of viewAnalyze poetry in terms of speaker, audience,occasion, and purposeUnderstand characterization in narrative and dramaticselectionsRecommended PreparationThere’s no suggested reading list to prepare for theLiterature Subject Test. We recommend:Close, critical reading of English and Americanliterature from a variety of historical periods andgenresReading of complete novels and plays, not justexcerptsUnderstanding of basic literary terminology, such asspeaker, tone, image, irony, alliteration, stanzaAt least 3 years of literary study at the collegepreparatory levelIndependent, critical reading of poetry, prose, anddramaBetween 6 and 8 reading selections followed bysets of 4 to 12 questionsSource of QuestionsEnglish literature40%–50%American literature40%–50%Other literature written in English30%18th and 19th centuries30%20th and 21st a and other0%–10%*The distribution of passages may vary in different versions ofthe test. The chart above indicates typical or average content.Sample QuestionsQuestions on the Literature Subject Test are presentedas sets of questions about reading selections. Thedirections that follow match those in the test. Allquestions on the test are multiple-choice questions.For each question choose the BEST response from the5 choices offered. For these sample materials and for theactual test, the date printed at the end of each passageor poem is the original publication date or, in some cases,the estimated date of composition.DirectionsThis test consists of selections from literary works and questionson their content, form, and style. After reading each passage orpoem, choose the best answer to each question and fill in thecorresponding bubble on the answer sheet.Note: Pay particular attention to the requirements of questionsthat contain the words NOT, LEAST, or EXCEPT.Questions 1-4. Read the following passage carefully before youchoose your answers.(10)The SAT Subject Tests Student Guide0%–10%Renaissance and 17th centuryLine(5)8Approximate% of Test*By the time the man with the camera had cut acrossour neighbor’s yard, the twins were out of the treesswingin low and Granny was onto the steps, the screendoor bammin soft and scratchy against her palms.“We thought we’d get a shot or two of the houseand everything and then . . .”“Good mornin,” Granny cut him off. And smiledthat smile.“Good mornin,” he said, head all down the wayBingo does when you yell at him about the bones onthe kitchen floor. “Nice place you got here, aunty.We thought we’d take a . . .”

(15)(20)(25)(30)(35)“Did you?” said Granny with her eyebrows. Cathypulled up her socks and giggled.“Nice things here,” said the man buzzin his cameraover the yard. The pecan barrels, the sled, me andCathy, the flowers, the painted stones along thedriveway, the trees, the twins, the toolshed.“I don’t know about the thing, the it, and the stuff,”said Granny still talkin with her eyebrows. “Justpeople here is what I tend to consider.”Camera man stopped buzzin. Cathy giggled intoher collar.“Mornin, ladies,” a new man said. He had come upbehind us when we weren’t lookin. “And gents,”discoverin the twins givin him a nasty look. “We’refilmin for the county,” he said with a smile. “Mind ifwe shoot a bit around here?”“I do indeed,” said Granny with no smile.Smilin man was smiling up a storm. So was Cathy.But he didn’t seem to have another word to say, so heand the camera man backed on out the yard, but youcould hear the camera buzzin still.“Suppose you just shut that machine off,” saidGranny real low through her teeth and took a stepdown off the porch and then another.“Now, aunty,” Camera said pointin the thingstraight at her.“Your mama and I are not related.”4. The episode reveals a conflict between(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)Questions 5-9

SAT Terms and Conditions on page 74. Understand the Tests. What the SAT Subject Tests Measure. The SAT Subject Tests are one-hour-long assessments that give you the opportunity to demonstrate knowledge . and showcase achievement in specific subjects. They 1 37Using This Guide 2 Before Te