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These declarations are a part ofthe never-changing basic Communistdoctrine.The party-line, however, is concernedwith tactics which shift according tothe internal and external conditionsof the moment. It includes the tac tics and slogans to be used by theParty in manipulating outsiders, andthe immediate tactical goals that theParty wants to attain. It may reflecta very broad range of subjects, in cluding the state of the free world,the inner politics of the Party, theeconomic problems of the Soviet Union,unrest in the satellite countries, mili tary considerations, changes in thebalance of power, opportunistic esti mates of possible gains or losses, feel ings of security or fear, the discoveryof a new weapon or counter-measure,decisions whether to consolidate anddigest past conquests or to probe fornew conquests. In the past, we haveseen demands for revolutions alter nate with "united front” tactics. Wehave seen the assassination of Trot sky, the slaughter of the old Bolshe viks, and the liquidation of the Beriagroup followed by a pseudo-liberalperiod of "de-Stalinization,” followedin turn by the slaughter of the Hun garian patriots. We have seen a "friend ly,” folksy visitor named Khrushchevbecome a shoe-beating vulgarian try ing to coerce and terrify the freeworld. We now see the kangaroo courtsand firing squads of Dr. Castro, whoformerly posed as the defender of free dom and civil liberty7. We have seenthe overt enmity for the West re placed successively by "collective se curity” against Hitler, the Hitler-Stalinpact, the East-West alliance, the "peaceand friendship pact” era, Iron-Curtainism, and now "peaceful coexistence”complete with rocket-rattling. These,and many other tacticalzigs andzags, represent shifts in the party line.The current party-line is found inthe 81-Party Statement. It is writtenin party jargon, in which the keywords have two meanings. In theirordinary sense, they convey a friendlymessage to outsiders; in party jargonthe words have a very different *pieaning. The Communists thus combine po litical directives and propaganda in asingle document.Here is a short dictionary of keywords and their jargon meanings usedby ( '.omiminists:minds of a majority of the world’spopulation.”This is what the Communists meanwhen they say they are fighting for"peace.” Those who don’t like thiskind of "peace” will be "buried.”We are described in the statementas follows:"U. S. imperialism is the mainforce of aggression and war . . .The imperialist forces of the U.S.A.,Britain and France have made acriminal deal with West-Germanimperialism . . . The Bonn statehas become the chief enemy ofpeaceful coexistence, disarmamentand relaxation of tension in Eu rope . . . The U. S. imperialistsare also busy reviving the hotbedof war in the Far East . . . threat ening Cuba with aggression andinterfering in the affairs of thepeoples of Latin America, Africaand the Middle East. The LJ. S.imperialists strive to create newseats of war in different partsof the world.”They are describedment as follows:inthestate "The socialist camp is a social,economic and political communityof free and sovereign peoples unitedby the close bonds of internationalsocialist solidarity, by common in terests and objectives, and follow ing the path of socialism and com munism. It is an inviolable lawof the mutual relations betweensocialist countries strictly to ad here to the principles of MarxismLeninism and socialist international ism. Every country in the socialistcamp is ensured genuinely equalrights and independence . . . TheMftrxist-Leninist Parties head thestruggle of the working class, themasses of working people, for theaccomplishment of the socialistrevolution anil the establishmentof the dictatorship of the prole tariat . . . The Communist andWorkers' Parties unanimously de clare that the Communist Party ofthe Soviet Union has been, andremains, the universally recognizedvanguard of the world Communistmovement . . . 'Hie historic de cisions of the 2Qth Congress ofthe ( I'.S.IJ, have initiated a newstage*inthe world Cuminunisfmovement, and have piomoted itsdevelopment on the basis of MatsI )cino rai yiMinLcninism ” i( uinimmismPeace: Communisttionworlddomina Socialist: CommunistBourgeois: non-CommuniscCommunism: the terminal conditionwhen non-Communistmodes of thought willhave been completelysuppressedandfor gotten.even with church groups and "enemy”parties.The statement is explicit that thepurpose of such alliances is to sub vert the deterrent power of the coun tries opposed to Communism:"The time has come when theattempts of the imperialist aggres sors to start a world war canbe curbed. World war can be pre vented by the joint efforts of theworld socialist camp, the interna tional working class, the nationalliberation movement, all the coun tries opposing war and all peaceloving forces . . . The policy ofpeaceful coexistence is also favoredby a definite section of the bour geoisie of the developed capitalistcountries . . . The broadest pos sible united front of peace sup porters, fighters against the im perialist policy of aggression andwar inspired by U. S. imperialism,isessential to preserve worldpeace . . . The struggle againstthe threat of a new war must bewaged now and not when atomand hydrogen bombs begin to fall,and it must gain in strength fromday to day.”Capitalism: any non-Communist sys tem, including democ racy.Imperialism: a non-Communist systemactively opposing thespread of Communism,especially the U. S. A.Colonialism: any foreign aid extendedby a non-Communistcountry.Liberation: the seizure of a nonCommunist country byCommunists.Working class: a Communist party,or the world Com munist parties col lectively.Independence: Submission tomunist control.Com A united front is to be organizedin support of "peace.” We are wit nessing "peace marches,” "peace or ganizations,” "peace demonstrations,”"peace fighters,” "peace propaganda.”The world has seen this before, not ablyduring the Hitler-StalinPactperiod, when Communist-led Hitler supporting pickets marched around theWhite House denouncing Lend-Lease,aid to Britain and U. S. rearmament.What do the Communists mean by"peaceful coexistence?” The statementanswers that question:Working people: Communist sympa thizers, or nonCommunists underParty influence.The statement heralds a period of"united front” tactics for the pro motion of specific ends. The term"united front” denotes a technique ofpromoting temporary alliances with nonCommunist and even anti-Communistgroups in the age old strategy of"Divide and Conquer.” Khrushchev em phasizes this as one of the mainpoints of the Manifesto:"Peaceful coexistence of states doesnot imply renunciation of the classstruggle . . . The coexistence ofstates with different social sys tems is a form of class strugglebetween socialism and capitalism.In conditions of peaceful coexist ence favorable opportunities areprovided for the development ofthe class struggle in the capitalistcountries. Peaceful coexistence . . .does not mean conciliation of thesocialist and bourgeois ideologies.On the contrary, it implies in tensification of the struggle of theworking class, of all the Com munist Parties, for the triumph"The statement directs maximumutilization of the revolutionary cap abilities of the various classes andsocial strata, drawing into thestruggle against imperialism all,even inconsistent, wavering un steady allies.”The statement declares, "No political,religious or other differences shouldbe an obstacle.” Thus, though Com munism is dedicated to the destruc tion of religion and non-Communistpolitical thought, the statement directs(he formation ol opportunistic alliances3

stroy the free world’sfensive alliances:of socialist ideas.”In this respect the statement dedares a principle first stated by Lenin,who said thatIn line with that Leninist principle,Khrushchev made it clear that "peace”includes certain kinds of war, whenhe said on January 6:"Now a word about national libera tion wars . . . Such wars arenot only admissible but inevitable. . . The peoples can obtain theirfreedom and independence only bystruggle, including armed struggle. . . What is the attitude of theMarxists toward such uprisings?A most positive one . . . TheCommunists fully support such justwars and march in the front rankwith the peoples waging libera tion struggles.”This propaganda is intended to in timidate and split the West. Com munists are instructed to spread theword that by remaining allied withthe other nations of the free world,free countries imperil their own ex istence. Communist leaders and theirdupes have already organized demon strations to pressure democratic gov ernments to withdraw’ from mutualdefense pacts and to close down alliedmilitary and naval bases, thus weaken ing their own defenses.The current party-line for the UnitedStates includes building opposition todefense budgets.The meaning of "peaceful coexist ence" is thus made clear to Com munists throughout the world, thoughthe phrase is intended to convey theopposite meaning to the people inthe free world. Underground Com munist parties in non-Communist coun tries will "fight for peace” by creat ing disorder and disunity and pre venting effective defense. The SovietUnion and its satellite powers willthen be able to intervene in "just”wars started by Communists, with mini mum risk of effective opposition ordeterrent action. The statement says,". . . it is necessary to promotea broad mass movement, for theuse of funds and resources to bereleased through disarmament forthe needs of civilian production,housing, health, public education,social security, scientific research,etc. . . By an active and resolutestruggle, theimperialistsmustbe made to meet this demand ofthe peoples.”its true meaning is understood. Theparty-line must be exposed, and soexplained that it will be understoodby the citizens of the free world aswell as by the Party elite. Our peoplemust understand that in party jargon"peace” means "universal Communism,”and "peaceful coexistence,” means"intensification of the struggle . ofall the Communist Parties . . . forthe triumph of socialist ideas.” Whenthis is understood, we will not bemisled into Communist "peace” move nt e n t s , "anti-imperialist” maneuvers,"anti-war” organizations, and campaignsagainst our national security.To isolate the Communists and theirparty-line, we must have an alert, in formed and active citizenry.The Party Statement announces thatthe ultimate goal of Communism isuniversal thought control, called "thecomplete emancipation of the mindsof the people from the survivals ofbourgeois ideology.”Our people must insist upon andsupport bold new actions by the freeworld to defeat this announced goal.Widespread knowledge of the Com munists’ tactics, strategy and objectivesis essential to national survival.the Soviet Union, sole Communist pos sessor of "the bomb,” serves noticeto the Communist World that whilethe Soviet Union may support localaction and brush fire wars in theirbehalf, it will not under present cir cumstances encourage or permit stepsthat in its judgment will result in gen eral war. Khrushchev made this pointwhen he said:"We always seek to direct thedevelopment of events in a way which insures that, while defend ing the interest of the SovietCamp, we do not provide the Im perialist provocateurs with a chanceto unleash a new World War.’Is there any method of counteringthis "united front” technique? The81-Party Statement even has an an swer to this question:"The reactionaries’ effort to breakup the national front under theslogan of 'anti-Communism’ andto isolate the Communists . . .is contrary to the national inter ests of the people and is fraughtwith the loss of national gains.”Our watclvword, then, is "Isolatethe Communists.”Communistsloseinfluence whenthey are identified. An exposed Com munist is a known enemy of his owncountry; he is thus isolated from thosehe would deceive and beguile intohis "united front.” Therefore, Com munists generally conceal their affilia tion. They hide and claim the pro tection of the civil liberties they woulddeny to others and which they haveabolished in every country they rule.The party-line loses its effect whenit is recognized as propaganda andRespectfully submitted,HENRY J. TePASKE,ChairmanJames S. CreminsPhillip W. Haberman, Jr.Turner H. McBaineHarold R. Medina, Jr.Ray MurphyLouis B. NicholsC. Brewster RhoadsJackson A. WrightLouis C. WymanThe main theme of the doctrine ofpeaceful coexistence is to postponegeneral war, meanwhile seeking terri torial and political gains through in ternal subversion, local interventionand irregular or brush-fire combat. TheCommunists hope in this manner tomake headway at little or no costto themselves. The line thus resemblesthe "peace offensive” of the fitter"In the opinion of Communists thetasks which must be accomplished. . . are to stop the arms race,ban nuclear weapons, their testsand production, dismantle foreignwar bases and withdraw foreigntroops from other countries, dis band military blocs, conclude apeace treaty with (East) Germany,turn West Berlin into a demili tarized (East-German) free city,thwart the designs of the WestGerman revanchists, and preventthe revival of Japanese militar ism.”mainattackde "The U. S. imperialists, togetherwith . . . Britain, France andWest Germany, have drawn manycountries into NATO, CENTO,SEATO and other military blocs. . , enmeshed the so-called ’freeworld’ . in a network of militarybases . . . The existence of theseblocs and bases endangers univer sal peace and security and notonly encroaches on the sovereigntybut also imperils the very life ofthose countries which put theirterritory at the disposal of theU. S. ."every 'peace programme’ is adeception of the people and apiece of hyprocrisy unless its prin cipal object is to explain to themasses the need for a revolution,and to support and develop therevolutionary struggle of the massesthat is starting everywhere.”IImI lout”system of1940’s.The U. S. then held an atomicmonopoly, but the "peace” movementorganized in Europe furnished a shieldunder which the Soviets committedacts of aggression without provoking agrneial war they would only lose.Thus, through (he HI Parry Statement,object of tin- "unitedis to weaken and dr54

Appendices A and B

mAppendix AStatement By 81 Marxist-T.eninist Parties*is becoming ever more marked in theworld arena.Representatives of the Communistand Workers’ Parties have discussedat this Meeting urgent problems ofthe present international situation andof the further struggle for peace, na tional independence, democracy andsocialism.Nevertheless, imperialism, which isintent on maintaining its positions, sabo tages disarmament, seeks to prolongthe cold war and aggravate it to theutmost, and persists in preparing anew world war. This situation de mands ever closer joint efforts andresolute actions on the part of thesocialist countries,theinternationalworking, class, the national anti-im perialist movement, all peace-lovingcountries and all peace champions, toprevent war and assure a peacefullife for people. It demands the furtherconsolidation of all revolutionary forcesin the fight against imperialism, for na tional independence, and for socialism.The Meeting has shown unity ofviews among the participants on theissues discussed. The Communist andWorkers' Parties have unanimously re affirmed their allegiance to the Declara tion anti Peace Manifesto adopted in1957. These program documents ofcreative Marxism-Leninism determinedthe fundamental positions of the in ternational Communist movement onthe more important issues of our timeand contributed in great measure to ward uniting the efforts of the Com munist and Workers’ Parties in thestruggle to achieve common goals. Theyremain the banner and guide to ac tion for the whole of the internationalCommunist movement.IOur time, whose main content isthe transition from capitalism to social ism initiated by the Great OctoberSocialist Revolution, is a time of strug gle between the two opposing socialsystems, a time of socialist revolutionsand national-liberation revolutions, atime of the breakdown of imperialism,of the abolition of the colonial sys tem, a time of transition of morepeoples to the socialist path, of thetriumph of socialism and communismon a world-wide scale.The course of events in the pastthree years has demonstrated the cor rectness of the analysis of the in ternational situation and the outlookfor world development as given inthe Declaration and Peace Manifesto,and the great scientific force and ef fective role of creative Marxism-Lenin ism.It is the principal characteristic ofour time that the world socialist sys tem is becoming the decisive factorin the development of society.The chief result of these years isthe rapid growth of the might andinternational influence of the worldsocialist system, the vigorous processof disintegration of the colonial sys tem under the impact of the nationalliberation movement, the intensifica tion of class struggles in the capitalistworld, and the continued decline anddecay of the world capitalist system.The superiority of the forces of so cialism over those of imperialism, ofthe forces of peace over those of war,*The strength and invincibility ofsocialism have been demonstrated inrecent decades in titanic battles be tween the new and old worlds. At tempts by the imperialists and theirshockforce—fascism—to check thecourse of historical development byforce of arms ended in failure. Im perialism proved powerless to stop thesocialist revolutions in Europe and Asia.Socialism became a world system. Theimperialists tried to hamper the eco nomic progress of the socialist coun tries, but their schemes were foiled.The imperialists did all in their powerto preserve the system of colonialslavery, but that system is falling apart.As the world socialist system growsstronger, the internationalsituationchanges more and more in favor of* Representatives of 81 Communist andWorkers' Parties consulted together foran extended period of time in Novem ber, I960. On December 5, I960, theseParties unanimously adopted a State ment; this historic document is printedin full in the following pages in anauthorized translation.—The Editor,Political Affairs9

the peoples fighting for independence,democracy and social progress.Today it is the world socialist sys tem and the forces fighting againstimperialism, for a socialist transforma tion of society, that determine themain content, mam trend and mainfeatures of the historical developmentof society. Whatever efforts imperial ism makes, it cannot stop the advanceof history. A reliable basis has beenprovided for further decisive victoriesfor socialism. The complete triumphof socialism is inevitable.The course of social developmentproves right Lenin’s prediction that thecountries of victorious socialism wouldinfluence the development of worldrevolution chiefly by their economicconstruction. Socialism has made un precedented constructive progress inproduction, science and technology andin the establishment of a new, freecommunity of people, in which theirmaterial and spiritual requirements areincreasingly satisfied. The time is notfar off when socialism’s share of worldproduction will be greater than thatof capitalism. Capitalism will be de feated in the decisive sphere of humanendeavor, the sphere of material pro duction.The consolidation and developmentof the socialist system exert an everincreasing influence on the struggleof the peoples in the capitalist coun tries. By the force of its example,the world socialist system is revolu tionizing the thinking of the workingpeople in the capitalist countries; it isinspiring them to fight against capital ism, and is greatly facilitating thatfight. In the capitalist countries, theforces fighting for peace and nationalindependence and for the triumph ofdemocracy and the victory of socialism,are gaining in numbers and strength.The world capitalist system is goingthrough an intense process of disinte gration and decay. Its contradictionshave accelerated the development ofmonopoly capitalism into state-monop oly capitalism. By tightening the monop olies’ grip on the life of the nation,».(.tic- monopoly capitalism closely com bines the power of the monopolies’with that of the state with the aimof saving the capitalist system andincreasing, the profits of the imperialistbourgeoisie to the utmost by exploit ing the working class and plunderingiaige sections of the population.But no matter what methods it resoils to, the monopoly bourgeoisie cannot rescue capitalism.I he interest*of a handful of monopolies are in ir reconcilable contradiction to the in terests of the entire nation. The classand national antagonisms, and the in ternal and external contradictions ofcapitalist society, have sharpened great ly. Attempts to prop the decayed pil lars of capitalism by militarism areaggravating these contradictions stillfurther.Never has the conflict between theproductive forces and relations of pro duction in the capitalist countries beenso acute. Capitalism impedes moreand more the use of the achievementsof modern science and technology inthe interests of social progress. Itturns the discoveries of human geniusagainst mankind itself by convertingthem into formidable means of de structive warfare.The instability of capitalist economyis growing. Although production insome capitalist countries is increasingto some degree or other, the contra dictions of capitalism are becomingmore acute on a national as well asinternational scale. Some capitalistcountries are faced with the threatof new economic upheavals while stillgrappling with the consequences ofthe recent economic crisis. The an archical nature of capitalist productionis becoming more marked. Capitalistconcentrationisassumingunprece dented dimensions, and monopoly profitsand superprofits are growing. Monop oly capital has greatly intensified theexploitation of the working class innew forms, above all through intensi fication of labor. Automation and “ra tionalization” under capitalism bringthe wrorking people further calamities.Only by a stubborn struggle has theworking class in some countries suc ceeded in winning a number of itspressing demands. In many capitalistcountries, however, the standard of lifeis still below pre-war. Despite thepromises made by the bourgeoisie, fullemployment was provided only in someof the capitalist countries, and onlytemporarily. The domination of themonopolies is causing increasing harmto the interests of the broad peasantmasses and large sections of the smalland middle bourgeoisie. In the capitalistcountries, including some of the %iorcdeveloped, economically under-devel oped areas still exist where the povertyof the masses is appalling, and these,moreover, continue to expand.These facts once again refute ihclies whi«li bourgeois ideologists and10revisionists spread to the effect thatmodern capitalism has become “people’scapitalism,” that it has established aso-called “welfare state” capable ofover-coming the

The free world once ignored the plans of Hitler as revealed clearly in Mein Kampf until it was too late to prevent World War II. We face a greater danger now. We must not ignore what the Communists now say and long have said they are going to do. As a hymn of hate against America, the 81-Par