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LightbulbsarealmostburntoutIncandescentCompact Fluorescent (CFL)Light Emitting Diodes (LED)The House of Representatives voted last year to withhold funding to enforce part of a 2007 law that increases efficiency standards for light bulbs.The bill, signed into law in December 2007, provided these changes to U.S. energy policy. There should be roughly 25 percent greater efficiency for light bulbs, phased in from 2012 through 2014. This effectively bans themanufacturing and importing of most current incandescent light bulbs. Various specialty bulbs, including appliance bulbs, "rough service" bulbs, colored lights, plant lights, and 3-way bulbs, are exempt from theserequirements as well as light bulbs currently less than 40 watts or more than 150 watts. This exempts stage lighting. Stage lighting isgenerally thousands of watts, far more than any home installation.So the bill requires roughly 200 percent greater efficiency for light bulbs, or similar energy savings, by 2020.Traditional incandescent bulbs, which use essentially the same design invented by Thomas Alva Edison more than 130 years ago, use onlyabout 10 percent of the energy they consume to produce light, according to the Congressional Research Service. The other 90 percent is wastedas excess heat.1. If you lived in Minnesota where much of the year is cold and requires home heating, would you think that incandescent bulbs that useenergy to heat is such a bad idea?2. How about if you lived in Florida?

2Electricity is measured in kWh kilowatts per hour of use. My 60-watt incandescent bulb uses 60 watts in one hour. There are 1000 watts in a!"  !"## kilowatt. If you want to figure out my bulb’s kWh, you would find out what decimal part of a kilowatt those 60 watts are .06  𝑘𝑊ℎ!,!!!  !"## People have been complaining about the expense of all of these new bulbs. An incandescent bulb costs about 1.00; a compact florescent bulbcosts about 5.00 and a light emitting diode bulb might cost 20.00. Who carries that kind of cash on them? That seems like a huge difference.But is it? Lets crunch the numbers and find out how much it might cost us. Complete the chart below.Kind of lightbulb75 wattincandescentbulb23 watt CFLbulb with theequivalentlighting of a75 wattincandescentlight bulb9 watt LEDbulbequivalent toa 75 wattincandescentbulbApproximatekWh neededto operatethis bulb75  𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠 1,000  𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠Cost for using thisbulb for one hour,given that electricitycosts about 0.150per kWh (rates willvary)Cost ofusing thebulb for 5hoursper dayCost ofusing thebulb for 5hours perday for anentire yearInitialcost ofthebulbNumber of years that thebulb is expected to last at5 hours per day 𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑒  𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑦  𝑖𝑛  ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠  𝑝𝑒𝑟  𝑑𝑎𝑦 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠  𝑝𝑒𝑟  𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟Cost of the bulb peryear 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙  𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟  𝑜𝑓  𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠  𝑜𝑓  𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑒Total yearlyexpense of thatbulb cost ofthe bulb peryear cost ofthe energy peryear.1000 hours 0.75 0.075𝑘𝑊ℎ8000 hours 5.0025,000 hours 20.003. Analyze your data in the table, in particular the last column. What do you notice? Reflect on the yearly cost of each bulb.4. I know that buying LED or CFL bulbs will save me money on my bills, but I am not sure that they are worth it considering the bulbs are soexpensive. Help me better understand the cost over the next several years for just one bulb. Graph the cost for me to use each type ofbulb for 10,000 hours. Remember to include the cost of new bulbs if they run out (do not include the cost of the bulb into the cost, add itin as an additional cost).

3 140 120Costs 100 80 60 40 20 000Hours5. According to your graph, for what hours of light usage is the incandescent bulb the cheapest? For what hours of light usage is the CFLbulb the cheapest? For what hours of light usage is the LED bulb the cheapest? Should I be so worried about the high upfront cost ofthe LED and CFL bulbs?6. So far we have been looking at the cost of just one bulb. How many light bulbs do you think you have in your house (if you are not suretake a couple minutes to make an educated guess)? How much money will you lose or save per year by switching bulb types?7. The average house in the U.S. has about 40 light bulbs. Consider the average cost per year for each type of bulb. Graph the cost peryear (the average cost including energy and the actual bulb) for 40 light bulbs (assuming they are used for an average of four hours aday). Be sure to graph costs over at least ten years, if not longer. Hint: For this graph you will be including the cost of each bulb in yourgraph.

4By 2020, a second tier of restrictions would become effective, which requires all general-purpose bulbs to produce at least 45 lumens per watt(similar to current CFLs). The phase-out of incandescent light bulbs was supported by the Alliance to Save Energy, a coalition of light bulbmanufacturers, electric utilities and conservation groups. The group estimated that lighting accounts for 22% of total U.S. electricity usage, andthat eliminating incandescent bulbs completely would save 18 billion per year (equivalent to the output of 80 coal plants).8. If 22% of the total yearly U.S. electricity usage costs 18 billion dollars, what is the total cost of electricity usage in the U.S.?

59. Here are some items that you might use in your every day life. Complete the table to see the approximate cost per year of each item.machinewatts used per hourkWhcost per hour at 0.150 perkWhnumber of hours perday that you might usethis itemcost per yearMost desktop ComputerCPU (asleep/awake}120 / 30 or lessMonitor (asleep/awake}150 / 30 or lessLaptop computer50Flat Screen TV120Hair dryer1200 - 1875Clothes dryer1800 - 500010. What did you learn? Do you have CFL or LED bulbs in your home? What are the pros and cons of switching to these bulbs? Shouldyour home make the bulb-law.html? r 1&ref rgy Independence and Security Act of helec.pdf, ergyuse.htmlBrought to you by: Yummymath.com

Light&bulbs&are&almost&burnt&out& Incandescent Compact Fluorescent (CFL) Light Emitting Diodes (LED) The House of Representatives voted last year to withhold funding to enforce part of a 2007 law that increas