Transcription
Concepts of Database ManagementEighth EditionChapter 1Introduction to Database Management
TAL Distributors Background TAL Distributors– Wholesaler of wooden toys, games, puzzles– Uses spreadsheet software to maintain importantdata– Recent growth has made spreadsheet approachproblematic2
TAL Distributors Background (continued)FIGURE 1-1: Sample orders spreadsheet3
TAL Distributors Background (continued) Problems using spreadsheet– Redundancy Duplication of data or the storing of the same data inmore than one place– Difficulty accessing related data– Limited security– Size limitations4
TAL Distributors Background (continued) Information TAL Distributors needs to maintain– Sales Reps Sales rep number, last name, first name, address,total commission, commission rate– Customers Customer number, name, address, current balance,credit limit, number of customer’s sales rep– Items Inventory Item number, description, number units on hand, itemcategory, storehouse number, unit price5
TAL Distributors Background (continued)FIGURE 1-2: Sample order6
TAL Distributors Background (continued) Items for each customer’s order– Order Order number, order date, customer number– Order line Order number, item number, number of units ordered,quoted price– Overall order total Not stored because it can be calculated7
Database Background Database– Structure that can store information about: Different categories of information Relationships between those categories of information Entity– Person, place, object, event, or idea– Entities for TAL Distributors: sales reps, customers,orders, and items8
Database Background (continued) Attribute– Characteristic or property of an entity– Example: Customer has name, street, city, etc.– May also be called a field or column Relationship– Association between entities– One-to-many relationship Each rep is associated with many customers Each customer is associated with a single rep9
Database Background (continued)FIGURE 1-3: Entities and attributes10
Database Background (continued)FIGURE 1-4: One-to-many relationship11
Database Background (continued) 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use aspermitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom .12
Database Background (continued)FIGURE 1-5: Sample data TAL Distributors13
Database Background (continued)FIGURE 1-5: Sample data for TAL Distributors (continued)14
Database Background (continued)FIGURE 1-5: Sample data for TAL Distributors (continued)15
Database Background (continued)FIGURE 1-6: Alternative Orders table structure 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use aspermitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom .16
Database Background (continued) Entity-relationship (E-R) diagram– Visual way to represent a database– Rectangles represent entities– Lines represent relationships between connectedentities17
Database Background (continued)FIGURE 1-7: E-R diagram for the TAL Distributors database18
Database Management Systems Database management system (DBMS)– Program, or collection of programs, through whichusers interact with a database Popular DBMSs: Access, Oracle, DB2, MySQL,and SQL Server TAL Distributors decides to use Access Database design– Determining the structure of the required database19
Database Management Systems(continued)FIGURE 1-8: Using a DBMS directlyFIGURE 1-9: Using a DBMS through another program20
Database Management Systems(continued) Forms– Screen objects used to maintain, view, and printdata from a database– DBMS creates forms that TAL Distributors needs Reports– DBMS creates reports for TAL Distributors based onuser’s answers about the desired content andappearance of each report21
Database Management Systems(continued)FIGURE 1-10: Item form22
Database Management Systems(continued)FIGURE 1-11: Orders form23
Database Management Systems(continued)FIGURE 1-12: Item report24
Advantages of Database Processing1. Getting more information from the same amountof data2. Sharing data3. Balancing conflicting requirements– Database administrator or databaseadministration (DBA): person or group in chargeof the database4. Controlling redundancy5. Facilitating consistency25
Advantages of Database Processing(continued)6. Improving integrity Integrity constraint: a rule that data must follow inthe database7. Expanding security Security: prevention of unauthorized access8. Increasing productivity9. Providing data independence– Data independence: can change structure of adatabase without changing the programs thataccess the database26
Disadvantages of DatabaseProcessing1.2.3.4.Larger file sizeIncreased complexityGreater impact of failureMore difficult recovery27
Introduction to Colonial Adventure ToursDatabase Case Colonial Adventure Tours– Small business– Organizes day-long guided trips of New England Management decided to use database to gatherand store information on:––––GuidesTripsCustomersReservations28
Introduction to Colonial Adventure ToursDatabase Case (continued)FIGURE 1-15: Sample guide data for Colonial Adventure Tours29
Introduction to Colonial Adventure ToursDatabase Case (continued)FIGURE 1-16: Sample trip data for Colonial Adventure Tours30
Introduction to Colonial Adventure ToursDatabase Case (continued)FIGURE 1-17: Sample customer data for Colonial Adventure Tours31
Introduction to Colonial Adventure ToursDatabase Case (continued)FIGURE 1-18: Sample reservation data for Colonial Adventure Tours32
Introduction to Colonial Adventure ToursDatabase Case (continued)FIGURE 1-19: Table used to relate trips and guides33
Introduction to Colonial Adventure ToursDatabase Case (continued)FIGURE 1-20: E-R diagram for the Colonial Adventure Tours database34
Introduction to the SolmarisCondominium Group Database Case Solmaris Condominium Group managescondominium complexes– Located in Florida– Two locations: Solmaris Ocean and SolmarisBayside– Maintains common areas and provides maintenanceservices Database used to store data35
Introduction to the SolmarisCondominium Group Database Case(continued)FIGURE 1-21: Sample location data for Solmaris Condominium Group36
Introduction to the SolmarisCondominium Group Database Case(continued)FIGURE 1-22: Sample owner data for Solmaris Condominium Group37
Introduction to the SolmarisCondominium Group Database Case(continued)FIGURE 1-23: Sample data about condo units for Solmaris Condominium Group38
Introduction to the SolmarisCondominium Group Database Case(continued)FIGURE 1-24: Sample data about service categories for Solmaris CondominiumGroup39
Introduction to the SolmarisCondominium Group Database Case(continued)FIGURE 1-25: Sample data about service requests for Solmaris CondominiumGroup40
Introduction to the SolmarisCondominium Group Database Case(continued)FIGURE 1-26: E-R diagram for the Solmaris Condominium Group database41
Concepts of Database Management Eighth Edition Chapter 1 Introduction to Database Management. TAL Distributors Background TAL Distributors – Wholesaler of wooden toys, games, puzzles – Uses spreadsheet software to maintain important data – Recent growth has made spreadsheet approachFile Size: 1MB
