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Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 700 Series AnalyzersConsumer Goods Screening – Elemental Limits of Detection in Metals and PolymersIn addition to theoffices listed below,Thermo ScientificNiton Anaylzersmaintains a networkof sales and serviceorganizationsthroughout the world.AmericasBillerica, MA USAUS Toll Free: 800 875-1578 1 978 670 7460niton@thermofisher.comEurope & AfricaMunich, Germany 49 89 3681 380niton.eur@thermofisher.comAsiaThe Niton XL2 700 Series x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer isthe solid value choice for your toughest testing applications. Thesepurpose-built instruments for consumer goods analysis utilizea proprietary Fundamental Parameters (FP)-based routine andTestAll technology for quick and accurate results on plastics,polymers, and metal alloy samples, including solders, with no userinput.The limits of detection (LODs) is the minimum concentration of anelement that can be detected with a reasonable degree of statisticalconfidence. Detection limits are specified following the U.S. EPAprotocol of 99.7% confidence level.1 Individual LODs improve as afunction of the square root of the testing time. The detection limitsin Table 1 and Table 2 are based on a 180-second total analysis time,120 seconds for the main filter and 60 seconds for the low filter. Alldetection limits listed are in parts per million (ppm) unless otherwisestated.Table 1 shows the limits of detection (LODs) using the Niton XL2700 Series analyzer for specific metal matrices as the density of amatrix directly influences the detection limits.Central, Hong KongLimits of Detection 852 2869 nTime120s main filter / 60s low 03012030Hg1070110156070Cr170110130200580Limits of detection (LODs) aredependent on the following factors: Testing time Interferences/Matrix Level of statistical confidencePlease Note:Ongoing research and advancementsin our Niton XL2 analyzers will lead tocontinual improvement in many of thevalues detailed in this chart. Contacta Thermo Fisher Scientific office, oryour local representatives for thelatest performance specifications.Please note that analysis time isbased on your requirements, and, inmost cases, shorter times will give youthe detection limits you require. Forexample, if analysis time was reducedfrom 120 seconds to 30 seconds, thenthe detection limits obtained would betwice the values shown in the chart.Similarly, increasing the analysis timewill reduce the detection limits by thesquare root of the increase factor.Table 1: Niton XL2 700 Series LODs for EN 71-32 elements in metal matrices 2009 Thermo FisherScientific Inc.All rights reserved.All trademarks are theproperty of Thermo FisherScientific Inc. and itssubsidiaries.Specifications, terms andpricing are subject to change.Not all products are availablein all countries. Please consultyour local sales representativefor details.1. Definition and Procedure for the Determinationof the Method of Detection Limit, 40 CFR,Part 136, Appendix B. Revision 1.11. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency. U.S.Government Printing Office: Washington,DC, 1995.2. European Standard EN 71-3: 1994 AmendmentAl : 2000 Corregendum AC : 2002 Safety of ToysPart 3: Migration of certain elements

Coatings Thickness Analysis ModeIn addition to alloy identification and composition analysis of metalcoatings and substrates, Thermo ScientificTM NitonTM analyzersare capable of at-line coatings thickness or coating weightanalysis. The in-process measurement of metal coating thicknessis often necessary for quality and cost control. Niton handheldXRF coatings analysis offers metal finishers the advantage ofnondestructive at-line testing, eliminating the time-consumingprocess of cutting samples and sending them to the laboratoryfor analysis. Both single layer and multilayer coatings can beanalyzed.Typical applications include: Galvanized zinc over steel Phosphorus over steel Zinc or zinc alloy over steel Hard chrome over steel Electroless nickel over steel Chrome/nickel/copper over steel, Zamak or plastic Dacromet coating over steelTo Access Coatings Thickness ModeFigure 1Select Sample TypeMetal Coatings mode is an optional mode, available for all the XL2and XL3t models, with the exception of the XL2-100. For lightelements coatings, such as phosphate or alumina coatings, theNiton 9XX series SDD-based instrument is required.Metal Coatings Element Suites1ModelStandard Element SuiteXL2 PIN modelsSb Sn Pd Ag Mo Nb Zr Pb Au Pt Zn Cu Ni Co FeMn Cr V Ti Al1XL3t PIN modelsSb Sn Cd Pd Ag Mo Nb Zr Pb Au Pt Zn Cu Ni CoFe Mn Cr V Ti Al1XL2 & XL3t SDD modelsSb Sn Cd Pd Ag Mo Nb Zr Pb Au Pt Zn Cu Ni CoFe Mn Cr V Ti Al S P Si MgAl only as substrateFigure 3Select Metal CoatingsFigure 2Select Metals modeTe ch Flas hCoatings Thickness Analysis Mode withThermo Scientific Niton XRF Analyzers

2To Change the Active Coating SystemNote: Coatings Entry list includes only methods that have beencreated by the user.Figure 4Select Tools/Coatings MethodFigure 5Select method from the Entry listFigure 6Select Close to return measurement screenTo Create a New Coating SystemBefore you can analyze for thickness, you have to create aCoatings System Entry and define the coatings system(Figures 7 -13). Note that the coatings method menu can beaccessed via the steps outlined in Figures 1-6 above.When creating a coating system, click “add” to activate the virtualkeyboard and enter the name of a coating system (i.e. Cu overFe). Once the name is created, select the unit (coating thicknessor coating weight), substrate (type of metal to be coated) andmetal coatings from the individual pull-down menus. Note: Someplastic substrates may be done by choosing Al as the substrate.Figure 7Select Add to create a new methodFigure 8Enter name of the methodFigure 9Figure 10Select preferred unit from the Units list Adjust element range if necessaryFigure 11Select SubstrateFigure 12Select Layer 1Figure 13Completed Coating System setup

3Standardize FeatureThe Standardize feature is a single point standardization routinethat corrects for any bias when compared to another analyticaltechnique (e.g. bench-top X-ray, strip and weight or Eddy current;see Fig 14-17). To perform standardization, you must introduce asingle known sample for analysis and enter the known thicknessvalue for that sample. The sample used should be consistent withthe target thickness value for your customer application. Followingthe analysis of that sample, the slope is calculated based on threedata points – zero thickness (which has known response), infinitethickness (which also has a known response), and the value andresponse of the measured sample. This provides the basis for avery accurate calibration in the target thickness range. Once thestandardization measurement is finished, you can either accept orreject the new slope calculation (Fig 17).Figure 14Select StandardizeFigure 15Enter known thickness and markStandardize checkboxInfinite ThicknessThere is a maximum coating thickness that can be measured.This maximum value, known as “infinite thickness,” varies witheach coating element. If a coating above this value is measured,the analyzer will give the message “Saturated.” Typical infinitethickness values are given in Table 1.Figure 16Return to measurement screen tomeasure the standardization sampleFigure 17Save new slopeMaximum 2.02.83.03.9Table 1 Maximum coating thickness (infinite thickness) of various elementsThermo Fisher Scientific,San Jose, CA USA is ISO Certified. 2014 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks are the property of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. and its subsidiaries. Specifications,terms and pricing are subject to change. Not all products are available in all countries. Please consult your local sales representative for details.Portable AnalyticalInstrumentsAmericasEurope, Middle East, AfricaBoston, USA 1 978 642 1132Munich, Germany 49 89 3681 380

Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 500/600 SeriesMining/Environmental AnalyzersElemental Limits of Detection in SiO2 and SRM Matrices Using Soil AnalysisIn addition to theoffices listed below,Thermo ScientificNiton Anaylzersmaintains a networkof sales and serviceorganizationsthroughout the world.AmericasBillerica, MA USAThe Niton XL2 500/600 Series x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer isthe solid value choice for your toughest testing applications. Wherelow detection limits and high sample throughput are critical, ourperfect combination of hardware, software, and direct industryexperience are combined to provide you with a solution to yourmost difficult analytical requirements. The chart below details thesensitivity, or LODs1, of the Niton XL2 500/600 using Soil Analysisfor an SiO2 matrix, a typical soil matrix (SiO2 with Ca/Fe), and SRMmatrix. Soil Analysis offers optimum performance for low levelsof RCRA metals and other contaminants/constituents found in soil/mineral type samples.US Toll Free: 800 875-1578Limits of Detection in ppm (mg/kg) 1 978 670 4545thermofisher.comCd202525Ag101515Central, Hong KongPd101515 852 2869 o30240250Fe40N/AN/AMn6090130 2009 Thermo FisherScientific Inc.Cr506580All rights reserved.V3050110All trademarks are theproperty of Thermo FisherScientific Inc. and 0325N/AS201030003600niton@thermofisher.comEurope, Middle East,Africa & South AsiaMunich, Germany 49 89 3681 380Asia itonSpecifications, terms andpricing are subject to change.Not all products are availablein all countries. Please consultyour local sales representativefor details.AN44818 11/200960s per filterSoilSRMTable 1: Element list shown is not exhaustive. For limits of detection for elements not shown,please contact a Thermo Fisher Scientific office, or your local representative.Limits of detection (LODs) aredependent on the following factors: Testing time Interferences/Matrix Level of statistical confidencePlease Note:Ongoing research and advancementsin our Niton XL2 analyzers will lead tocontinual improvement in many of thevalues detailed in this chart. Contacta Thermo Fisher Scientific office, oryour local representatives for thelatest performance specifications.Element detection limits shown for60 second/filter analysis time in airpath. Please note that analysis timeis based on your requirements, and,in most cases, shorter times will giveyou the detection limits you require.For example, if analysis time wasreduced to 15 seconds/filter, then thedetection limits obtained would betwice the values shown in the chart.Similarly, increasing the analysis timewill reduce the detection limits by thesquare root of the increase factor.1. Definition and Procedure for the Determinationof the Method of Detection Limit, 40 CFR,Part 136, Appendix B. Revision 1.11. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency. U.S.Government Printing Office: Washington,DC, 1995.

portable analyzer solutions, which include XRF tools for metal alloy identification, lead paint inspection, RCRA metals in soil, toy and consumer goods testing, RoHS and WEEE compliance screening, and many other analysis needs. Gold content analysis - Thermo Scientific Niton XRF analyzer vs. fire assay R² 0.999 0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% .