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Mission Engineering, DigitalEngineering, MBSE, and the Like:The One Underlying Essential AttributeRobert (Bob) ScheurerAssociate Technical Fellow Systems EngineeringDefense, Space and SecurityRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute1

Goals Put All Initiatives and Frameworks into Perspective Test New vs. Classic Paradigm(s) Identify Central Entity Common to AllSimplicity boils down to two steps:1) Identify the essential. 2) Eliminate the rest.Leo Babauta, writerRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute2

Topics for Discussion1)2)3)4)(Re) Emerging Disciplines and FrameworksThe Classic ApproachNew ParadigmFresh Insights from Asking: “How Different?”Digital EngineeringMission EngineeringModel-Based Systems EngineeringModel-Based EngineeringRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute3

Mission EngineeringMission Engineering: The deliberate planning,analyzing, organizing, and integrating of current andemerging operational and system capabilities to achievedesired war fighting mission effects.1 Attributes:– Enterprise-Level Thinking– Elements & Relationships System of Systems (SoS)-Centric Capabilities and Functions Potential Benefits:1) Identified Participants / Relationships2) Capability Synergies3) Pre-Exposed Functional GapsObservation: Architecture Forms the Framework of a MissionRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute4

Digital EngineeringDigital Engineering (DE): An integrated digital approach that usesauthoritative sources of systems' data and models as a continuumacross disciplines to support life cycle activities from concept throughdisposal. (DAU Glossary) (Defense Acquisition Guidebook) A Workflow: DE Emphasizes continuity of models across the lifecycle.2System Maturity-DrivenAddresses Long-Standing Challenges w/Complexity, Uncertainty, Rapid ChangeStrategy: Formalize Development, Integration, and Use of Models Enduring, Authoritative Source of Truth Technical Innovation to Improve Engineering Practice Supporting Infrastructure and Environments Transform Culture and Workforce to Support DE Across Lifecycle Expected Benefits: Better informed decision making Enhanced Communication Increased Understanding of and Confidence in the System Design More Efficient Engineering ProcessObservation: Architecture Forms the Basis of Process Relationships in aDigital Engineering FlowRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute5

Model-Based EngineeringModel-Based Engineering: An approach to product development, manufacturingand lifecycle support that uses a digital model and simulation to drive first timequality and reliability. (NIST) A Process Architecture is the design of the physical attributes of EngineeredSystems and Components Expected Benefits: Faster Product Development Integration of people, process, tools & data Models replace documents Elimination of costly manual transfer of data Faster and better data-driven decisionsObservation: Resultant Models Consist of Organized Structure andRelationships of Elements (i.e., An Architecture)Robert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute6

Model-Based Systems EngineeringModel-Based Systems Engineering: Execution of Discipline (SystemsEngineering) using digital model principles for system-level modeling andsimulation of physical and operational behavior throughout the system lifecycle(INCOSE) A Process Architecture is the Model Expected Benefits: Formalizes System Developmentvia Models Broad in Scope: SoS toComponents-Level Management of Complexity Broadened Trade SpacesSource: Introduction to MBSE and SYSML, Hart, Laura E.; Used with PermissionObservation: MBSE Process Provides Orderly Definition of Model Elements,Relationships and Attributes in a Balanced System Design ArchitectureRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute7

Architecture: The Essential AttributeArchitecture: System fundamental concepts or properties of a system in itsenvironment embodied in its elements, relationships, and in the principles of itsdesign and evolution (ISO 42010)Value of an Architecture / Architecting:1. Common understanding of resultant system via maturation process2. Organization/Abstraction of complexity3. Flow to lower-level design details4. Structure, function, behavior5. Interfaces, relationships, data flows6. Hardware & software relevance7. Potential for what-if analysisRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute8

Reviewing a Classic: Systems EngineeringEngineSystem Functional ArchitectureSystem Physical ArchitectureThe Systems Engineering “Engine”Source: BoeingRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute9

Reviewing a Classic: Systems EngineeringVee3Decomposition via ArchitectureIntegration via ArchitectureSource: “Vee Model”, Systems Engineering Handbook, 4th Edition; INCOSE, Pg. 34Robert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute10

Re-Thinking the SE LANNEDAS-TESTEDAS-BUILTPHYSICAL SYSTEMSCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.Robert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute11

A New Paradigm: Boeing MBE Diamond5Observation: Rooted in Functional, Logical, and Physical ArchitecturesRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute12

Underlying Architectural PreceptsInitiative / FrameworkSystem StructureDependenciesMission EngineeringSystem of Systems(SoS) ArchitectureCoupling andInteroperabilityDigital EngineeringSystem ProcessArchitectureProcess Interfaces andFlowModel-Based SystemsEngineeringSystem DevelopmentArchitectureOrchestratedDevelopment andMaturationModel-BasedEngineeringEngineered SystemDesign ArchitecturePhysics-Based ElementDescriptions andInterfacesRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute13

Architecture: Discover it Again for the First Time Today’s Paradigms (ME, DE, MBSE, MBE, etc.) Still Founded onClassic Application of Architectureo Defined Relationships Between Elements, with Associated Attributes Technique for Synthesizing Solution Space Choices Based onNeeds in Problem Space Value Captured via Analysis and Definition of Mission (ala Mission Engineering)Process Orchestration (ala Digital Engineering)Balanced Product and Process Definition (ala Model-Based SE)Functional/Behavioral/Physical Representations of EngineeredSystems (ala Model-Based Engineering)Robert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute14

Aspects of Architecting with Enduring ValueTodayBoundaries and interfaces: System in ItsEnvironmentDerivation of Content for “AuthoritativeSource of Truth”Capability Verification and ValidationEnablersUse Cases: Identifying Functions, Leadingto BehaviorConfiguration Identification/ControlEnablersArchitecture Languages & Frameworks(UML, SYSML, UAF, etc.)Architectural Practice Enablers(Traditional/Waterfall, Agile, Hybrid)Robert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute15

Conclusion Architecture is Central to All Initiatives & Frameworks Architectures Can be Process-Based or Product-Based Value of Architecture and Architecting Varies Depends on Purpose– Coordination and Planning– Explore Alternatives for Balanced Design– Prediction; Answer “What-If’s” Depends on Application– Strategic Intent for Enduring Value– Where It’s Done– When It’s DoneRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute16

NDIA SE Division Architecture CommitteeCentral Themes of Architecture and ArchitectingAcquirer/Supplier White Paper on Modular Open Systems Approach (MOSA),incl. RecommendationsFollow-On Committee Focus AreasMeetings Bi-WeeklyOpen to All NDIA MembersContacts: Bob Scheurer, Boeing, Committee Chair robert.p.scheurer@boeing.com Ed Moshinsky, Lockheed Martin, Committee Co-Chair edward.a.moshinsky@lmco.comRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute17

Robert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute18

References1.2.3.4.5.RT-171: Mission Engineering Competencies Technical Report, Dr. GreggVesonder, Stevens Institute of Technology; SE Research Center, April 30,2018“Digital Engineering Strategy”, Department of Defense, June 2018, Pg. 3“Vee Model”, Systems Engineering Handbook, 4th Edition; INCOSE, Pg. 34“The System Engineering ‘V’ - Is It Still Relevant In the Digital Age?”, GlobalProduct Data Interoperability Summit 2018; Dan Seal, BoeingIbidRobert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute19

AbstractToday’s systems challenges involve a desire to apply new approaches to produce andexploit innovative systems much faster and more affordably than ever before. Priorpractices are questioned as to their relevance in today’s fast-based society that seeminglyidentifies new threats on a daily basis. Emerging methods to counter these threats includeMission Engineering, Model-Based System Engineering, and Digital Engineering. Whileeach of these may have relevance to solving particular aspects of stakeholder problems,they all fundamentally share the same integral or resultant attribute at their core: anarchitecture.This presentation addresses the vital role that systems architectures play in the midst of thevarious approaches to creating, modifying, or just understanding a system. Whileintegrated tools, agile practices, new technologies, and different thinking may form thebasis of this new age, the old-fashioned notion of a system architecture is still very muchinvolved. An explanation is offered that shows how system fundamentals involvingrelationships between elements ultimately has to be a shared attribute and ultimately formsthe basis for taking our systems thinking to the next level.Short Version for Program:Today’s systems challenges involve a desire to apply new approaches to produce and useinnovative systems much faster and more affordably than ever before. This presentationaddresses the enduring role and new thinking that systems architectures play now in themidst of system developments.Robert P. Scheurer 11/15/2018, DE ME MBSE and the LikeCopyright 2018 Boeing. All rights reserved.– The One Underlying Essential Attribute20