Cloud Iaas Pricing Comparison

Transcription

CLOUD IAAS PRICING COMPARISONAugust 2017 EditionCloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing ComparisonCopyright 2010-2016 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.1

Table of ContentsExecutive SummaryMeasuring the Cloud33Key Findings4MethodologyKey ConsiderationsIaaS Providers ListDefinitionsVM Sizing GuidelinesStorage Parameters666677VM Pricing Comparison: LinuxSmall InstanceMedium InstanceLarge InstanceXL Instance2XL Instance8810121416VM Pricing Comparison: WindowsSmall InstanceMedium InstanceLarge InstanceExtra Large Instance2XL Instance181820222426VM Pricing Increase Comparison28Block Storage Compared36Data Transfer Prices Compared38AppendicesIaaS Provider ConsiderationsAvailable Billing IncrementsGeographic AvailabilityCustomizabilityVM Sizing Information393941424344About Cloud Spectator46Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing ComparisonCopyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.2

Executive SummaryThis report provides transparency in a competitive Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) market in which price changesare increasingly common. Amazon EC2 alone has published over 50 price changes since 2006. Not fullyunderstanding these changes can lead to annual operating costs being higher than needed. To help cloud buyersbetter understand cloud pricing, this report compiles and analyzes the prices of IaaS products from 17 of themarket’s largest IaaS providers.Measuring the CloudWhile this report evaluates cloud pricing, cloud customers should not neglect cloud performance if seeking to maximize thebenefits of transitioning to the cloud.Figure 1 (see right) best illustrates why performance is animportant consideration when purchasing cloud services. Asshown above, Provider A’s 2 vCPU machine initially seems likea better choice than Provider B’s 2vCPU machine because it isless expensive. After accounting for the ‘ApplicationPerformance Range’, or the application’s performancerequirements, however, it becomes clear that Provider B’s2vCPU machine is actually the better fit. Unlike Provider A’smachine, Provider B’s machine offers the necessaryperformance capabilities at the lowest cost. On Provider A, theuser would actually need a 4vCPU machine to fulfill theperformance requirements, which is 33% more expensive thanProvider B's 2vCPU machine.Figure 1 When performance considerations are accounted for, ProviderB's 2 vCPU machine is the lowest priced VM.When purchasing cloud services, customers should evaluate offerings on both pricing and performance to determine acloud product that best meets their needs.Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing ComparisonCopyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.3

Key FindingsLarge differences in pricing across similarly sized virtual machines can result in overspending.Cloud providers exhibited major pricing differences. For Linux VMs, the highest priced providers were up to 16.5x moreexpensive than the lowest priced providers. For Windows VMs, the highest priced providers were up to 6.3x moreexpensive than the lowest priced providers. Price-conscious cloud buyers should assess their current spend andconsider whether another vendor can provide the same level of service at a lower cost.Hyperscale providers ranked as some of the most expensive providers in the market.For the hourly and monthly pricing durations, Amazon and Microsoft generally fell within the most expensive third of datasets, whereas Google generally fell within the middle third of data sets. However, for 1-year and 3-year pricing,Amazon’s pricing was consistently equivalent to Google due to its progressively discounted ‘Reserved Instance Pricing’structure. Microsoft consistently fell within the most expensive third of data sets for the 1-year and 3-year pricing due tono published discounts. However, Microsoft offers discounts based on contract value and term length. Hyperscaleproviders offer an array of complementary services that provide substantial value to many organizations, which is onereason for the added cost when comparing against providers offering fewer features and services.Smaller providers ranked the least expensive in the market.1&1, Internap and OVH were the most inexpensive cloud providers for both Windows and Linux VMs. OVH was thelowest-priced provider for small Linux VMs purchased by the hour, month, annual and 3-year durations, and was onaverage 6.7x less expensive than the price average. 1&1 was the lowest-priced provider for Windows Small and LargeVMs and was on average 3.1x times less expensive than the price average. Internap was the lowest-priced provider forLinux Medium, Large, Extra Large, and 2x Large VMs across all pricing durations.Lack of consistency in price rankings across Linux, Windows, sizes and contractual terms.Providers vary in cost ranking depending on the operating system, server size or contractual agreement terms. OnlyDimension Data ranks as the most expensive provider across all Linux VMs; all other rankings varied. For example,Cogeco Peer1 is one of the most expensive provider across the Windows VMs, but they rank in the middle of the LinuxVMs. Examining relative price differences across different contractual terms, Amazon ranks in the most expensive thirdof VMs at the hourly level, but for 3-year terms Amazon is in the least expensive third of VMs. DigitalOcean is consistentup until a point when scaling upwards, as they rank 3rd most inexpensive across the Small, Medium, Large and ExtraLarge instance sizes, but jump to 8th when scaling up to the 2x Large size.Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing ComparisonCopyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.4

Lack of consistency in discounts available in the market.It can be very difficult to make comparisons between Cloud providers as there is such a wide variety of pricing modelsand discounts offered. For example, Google offers Sustained Use Discount (SUD). This means that discounts of up to70% for a monthly commitment can be achieved through their pricing model. AWS offers Reserved Instance Pricingwhere Standard Reserved Instances can provide significant discounts ranging between 24% -75%. Further discounts areavailable by paying for some of the usage upfront. In comparison, Cogeco Peer 1, Internap and OVH do not publish anydiscount models on their websites. However, discounts are likely subject to case-by-case contractual agreements.Notably, Microsoft does not publish any discounts on their website but discounts are available for customers that meet acertain usage threshold through Microsoft Enterprise Agreements.Lack of consistency in packaged offerings versus customizable offerings in the market.Providers vary in cost when examining pre-packaged versus customizable VM configurations. In this report, we foundthat across all sizes of both Linux and Windows VMs, packaged offerings, such as 1&1, OVH and Internap wereconsistently the least expensive providers when compared to customizable offerings, such as CenturyLink, IBMSoftLayer and ProfitBricks. This is interesting as in the case of OVH as their packaged offerings in the B2 Series offeralmost twice as much RAM as other cloud providers yet still prove to be one of the cheapest providers across all VMs.Pre-packaged offerings generally allow providers to maximize efficiency by having more virtual machines on each serverleading to a higher ROI with some cost savings being passed onto the user in the form of lower pricing.Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing ComparisonCopyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.5

MethodologyKey ConsiderationsBelow are general notes on how prices were calculated and what assumptions were made: Only base VM prices and minimum OS disk sizes are considered in this report (See Storage Parameters).Pricing reflects US data centers only. If there are multiple US data centers, US East data centers were used or theclosest region to the east coast of the US.For monthly, annual, and 3-year pricing, virtual servers are assumed to be running for 730 hours per month.Windows price calculations were made using Windows Server 2012 Standard Edition images.Virtual machine sizes fall generally within the sizing requirements listed in VM Sizing Guidelines.Where available, up-front payment pricing discounts were used.For packaged offerings, VMs that most closely corresponded to the five size categories were selected.For customizable offerings, servers designed to the exact requirements of the four categories of sizes wereprovisioned when possible.Only discounts published on each provider's website are included. Providers will give custom discounts for largevolume on a case-by-case basis depending on the size of the commitment.VMs without full functionality of the service, including those with degraded performance or burst performance werenot included (see Additional Considerations).For provider-specific considerations, please see IaaS Provider Considerations (Appendix).IaaS Provider ListThe following 17 IaaS providers were included in this analysis.1&1CenturyLinkDigitalOceanIBM sion DataInternapMicrosoft AzureRackspaceAWSCogeco Peer 1Google Cloud EngineInterouteOVHDefinitionsOne Month 730 hoursOfferings that let users manually configure resources, such as number of vCPUs,Customizable OfferingGB’s of RAM, and GB’s of disk spacePackaged Offering Offerings that deliver VMs based on pre-packaged sizesCloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing ComparisonCopyright 2010-2016 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.6

VM Sizing GuidelinesProducts were chosen for this report based on the different sizes outlined below:ServerSmallMediumLargeExtra Large2X LargeCPU Cores124816RAM (GB)2481632The above sizing guidelines reflect the VM parameters of most providers and were treated as approximations. If a VM sizedid not fall exactly within the chosen parameters, CPU size was the primary determining factor with RAM matching thetarget allocation as closely as possible. The values within this Pricing Report correspond to the sizing parameters listedabove. Different parameters will yield different results.Some products used in this report were smaller or larger than the sizing guidelines. As in the case of OVH, VMs are larger than the sizing guidelines.Some cloud providers, such as DigitalOcean and Dimension Data, do not list prices for Windows OS so were not incorporated.Storage ParametersAll pricing includes storage prices. Parameters were as follows:OSLinuxWindowsMin. Storage (GB)830If storage options did not fall exactly within the chosen parameters, the above guidelines were used as minimumrequirements. If there was insufficient storage packaged in with the VM, block storage was used to match the aboveallocation at the most inexpensive rate possible. The values within this Pricing Report correspond to the sizing parameterslisted above. Different parameters will yield different results.Data in this report is accurate as of August 8th, 2017 and will be accurate for an undetermined duration, as VMpricing and offerings may change.Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing ComparisonCopyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.7

Linux: Small Instance PricingSmall Instance Hourly CostAverage: 0.04 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01DimensionDataAWSJoyentIBM SoftLayerInterouteMicrosoftCogeco aceAliCloudDigtialOcean1&1InternapOVH -Small Instance Monthly CostAverage 28 60 50 40 30 20 10DimensionDataAWSJoyentInterouteMicrosoftCogeco Peer1IBM udSigmaAliCloudDigtialOcean1&1InternapOVH ceCenturyLinkProfitBricksCloudSigmaGoogleCogeco Peer1MicrosoftInterouteIBM SoftLayerJoyentAWSDimension DataPricing 0.009 0.011 0.014 0.015 0.023 0.037 0.037 0.039 0.048 0.048 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.053 0.066 0.067 udSigmaGoogleRackspaceCenturyLinkProfitBricksIBM SoftLayerCogeco Peer1MicrosoftInterouteJoyentAWSDimension DataPricing 4 8 10 10 12 17 24 27 27 28 35 37 37 37 48 49 58Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing ComparisonCopyright 2010-2016 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.8

Linux: Small Instance PricingSmall Instance Annual CostAverage ftCogeco Peer1IBM OVH0Small Instance 3 Year CostAverage Cogeco Peer1IBM erouteIBM SoftLayerCogeco Peer1MicrosoftJoyentDimension DataPricing 42 96 120 120 147 189 241 324 327 340 353 392 420 438 438 581 routeIBM SoftLayerCogeco Peer1MicrosoftJoyentDimension DataPricing 126 289 360 360 441 472 520 687 972 981 1,019 1,176 1,260 1,314 1,314 1,742 2,073Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing ComparisonCopyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.9

Linux: Medium Instance PricingMedium Instance Hourly CostAverage: 0.09 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02DimensionDataJoyentIBM SigmaCogeco d1&1Internap -Medium Instance Monthly CostAverage 57 120 100 80 60 40 eIBM SoftLayerCogeco dSigma1&1OVHAliCloudInternap kProfitBricksOVHCogeco SIBM SoftLayerJoyentDimension DataPricing 0.022 0.042 0.047 0.060 0.073 0.077 0.078 0.090 0.093 0.095 0.099 0.099 0.100 0.100 0.105 0.131 alOceanGoogleCenturyLinkProfitBricksCogeco Peer1IBM sion DataPricing 16 25 28 30 34 40 49 54 56 66 70 72 72 73 73 96 113Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison 10Copyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

Linux: Medium Instance PricingMedium Instance Annual CostAverage 647 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200DimensionDataJoyentMicrosoftRackspaceIBM SoftLayerCogeco anGoogleCloudSigma1&1OVHAliCloudInternap -Medium Instance 3 Year CostAverage 1,875 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500DimensionDataJoyentMicrosoftRackspaceIBM SoftLayerCogeco &1GoogleAWSOVHCloudSigmaAliCloudInternap tialOceanAWSCenturyLinkProfitBricksInterouteCogeco Peer1IBM SoftLayerRackspaceMicrosoftJoyentDimension DataPricing 193 294 336 360 366 478 480 519 642 674 774 788 840 867 876 1,150 geco Peer1IBM SoftLayerRackspaceMicrosoftJoyentDimension DataPricing 578 883 915 1,008 1,026 1,027 1,080 1,440 1,927 2,023 2,323 2,365 2,520 2,602 2,628 3,451 4,084Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison 11Copyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

Linux: Large Instance PricingLarge Instance Hourly CostAverage 0.18 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05DimensionDataJoyentIBM o igtialOcean1&1Internap -Large Instance Monthly CostAverage 115 250 200 150 100 eCogeco Peer1IBM AliCloudCloudSigmaOVH1&1Internap ricksOVHAliCloudCloudSigmaCogeco Peer1GoogleInterouteRackspaceMicrosoftAWSIBM SoftLayerJoyentDimension DataPricing 0.044 0.069 0.119 0.145 0.153 0.155 0.168 0.183 0.190 0.190 0.196 0.198 0.199 0.199 0.205 0.263 alOceanGoogleCenturyLinkProfitBricksIBM SoftLayerCogeco Peer1InterouteRackspaceMicrosoftAWSJoyentDimension DataPricing 32 50 56 67 78 80 97 106 112 136 139 143 145 145 146 192 225Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison 12Copyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

Linux: Large Instance PricingLarge Instance Yearly CostAverage 1,306 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500DimensionDataJoyentMicrosoftRackspaceCogeco Peer1IBM lOceanGoogleAliCloudCloudSigmaOVH1&1Internap -Large Instance 3 Year CostAverage DataJoyentMicrosoftRackspaceCogeco Peer1IBM eanAWSCenturyLinkProfitBricksInterouteIBM SoftLayerCogeco Peer1RackspaceMicrosoftJoyentDimension DataPricing 385 600 672 721 938 951 960 1,043 1,273 1,344 1,539 1,632 1,664 1,734 1,743 2,300 M SoftLayerCogeco Peer1RackspaceMicrosoftJoyentDimension DataPricing 1,156 1,800 1,802 2,016 2,042 2,063 2,814 2,880 3,819 4,031 4,618 4,896 4,993 5,203 5,230 6,899 8,105Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison 13Copyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

Linux: Extra Large Instance PricingExtra-Large Instance Hourly CostAverage 0.35 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10DimensionDataJoyentAWSMicrosoftRackspaceIBM SoftLayerInterouteGoogleCogeco igtialOcean1&1Internap -Extra-Large Instance Monthly CostAverage SMicrosoftRackspaceInterouteCogeco Peer1IBM oudSigmaCogeco Peer1GoogleInterouteIBM SoftLayerRackspaceMicrosoftAWSJoyentDimension DataPricing 0.088 0.181 0.238 0.289 0.306 0.311 0.336 0.363 0.370 0.380 0.390 0.392 0.395 0.398 0.398 0.525 alOceanGoogleCenturyLinkProfitBricksIBM SoftLayerCogeco Peer1InterouteRackspaceMicrosoftAWSJoyentDimension DataPricing 64 112 130 132 156 160 194 211 224 260 270 285 288 291 291 383 449Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison 14Copyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

Linux: Extra Large Instance PricingExtra-Large Instance Annual CostAverage crosoftRackspaceCogeco Peer1IBM -Large Instance 3 Year CostAverage nsionDataJoyentMicrosoftRackspaceCogeco Peer1IBM eanAWSCenturyLinkProfitBricksInterouteIBM SoftLayerCogeco Peer1RackspaceMicrosoftJoyentDimension oudDigtialOceanCenturyLinkProfitBricksInterouteIBM SoftLayerCogeco Peer1RackspaceMicrosoftJoyentDimension DataPricing 771 1,344 1,430 1,560 1,876 1,898 1,920 2,082 2,535 2,682 3,069 3,120 3,241 3,460 3,486 4,599 5,382Pricing 2,313 3,576 4,032 4,071 4,089 4,680 5,629 5,760 7,604 8,047 9,207 9,360 9,724 10,381 10,459 13,797 16,146Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison 15Copyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

Linux: 2X Large Instance Pricing2X Large Instance Hourly CostAverage 0.70 1.40 1.20 1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 gleCogeco Peer1CloudSigmaIBM yLink1&1Internap -2X Large Instance Monthly CostAverage osoftRackspaceInterouteCogeco Peer1DigtialOceanIBM kProfitBricksOVHAliCloudDigtialOceanIBM SoftLayerCloudSigmaCogeco Peer1GoogleInterouteRackspaceMicrosoftAWSDimension DataPricing 0.176 0.486 0.577 0.612 0.622 0.672 0.714 0.718 0.723 0.750 0.759 0.778 0.790 0.796 0.796 eCenturyLinkProfitBricksIBM SoftLayerDigtialOceanCogeco Peer1InterouteRackspaceMicrosoftAWSDimension DataPricing 128 224 264 313 350 388 421 447 476 480 548 568 577 581 581 895Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison 16Copyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

Linux: 2X Large Instance Pricing2X Large Instance Annual CostAverage taMicrosoftRackspaceCogeco Peer1InterouteDigtialOceanIBM udCloudSigmaOVHInternap02X Large Instance 3 Year CostAverage ataMicrosoftRackspaceCogeco Peer1InterouteDigtialOceanIBM gmaAliCloudGoogleAWS1&1CenturyLinkProfitBricksIBM SoftLayerDigtialOceanInterouteCogeco Peer1RackspaceMicrosoftDimension DataPricing 1,542 2,688 2,849 3,753 3,791 4,150 4,200 5,057 5,359 5,712 5,760 6,129 6,570 6,920 6,973 ud1&1CenturyLinkProfitBricksIBM SoftLayerDigtialOceanInterouteCogeco Peer1RackspaceMicrosoftDimension DataPricing 4,625 7,124 8,064 8,128 8,165 11,258 12,600 15,172 16,078 17,136 17,280 18,386 19,710 20,761 20,919 32,230Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison 17Copyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

Windows: Small Instance PricingSmall Instance Hourly CostAverage 0.08 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02Pricing 0.021 0.032 0.054 0.073 0.081 0.083 0.089 0.091 0.097 0.110 0.126 leIBM SoftLayerCenturyLinkInterouteMicrosoftCogeco Peer1JoyentAWSPricing 15 19 26 39 46 56 59 66 71 80 92 95AWSJoyentCogeco Peer1MicrosoftInterouteGoogleIBM 1&1 inkIBM SoftLayerGoogleInterouteMicrosoftCogeco Peer1JoyentAWSSmall Instance Monthly CostAverage 55 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10AWSJoyentCogeco Peer1MicrosoftInterouteCenturyLinkIBM SoftLayerGoogleProfitBricksCloudSigmaAliCloud1&1 -Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison 18Copyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

Windows: Small Instance PricingSmall Instance Annual CostAverage 626 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200Pricing 180 226 286 470 603 672 706 710 735 849 964 leAWSIBM SoftLayerInterouteCenturyLinkMicrosoftCogeco Peer1JoyentPricing 540 678 715 1,411 1,606 1,684 2,016 2,117 2,129 2,548 2,891 3,319JoyentCogeco Peer1MicrosoftAWSCenturyLinkInterouteIBM SoftLayerGoogleProfitBricksCloudSigmaAliCloud1&1 M SoftLayerInterouteCenturyLinkAWSMicrosoftCogeco Peer1JoyentSmall Instance 3 Year CostAverage 1,804 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500JoyentCogeco Peer1MicrosoftCenturyLinkInterouteIBM 1 -Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison 19Copyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

Windows: Medium Instance PricingMedium Instance Hourly CostAverage 0.15 0.21 0.18 0.15 0.12 0.09 0.06 0.03Cogeco HCloudSigmaInterouteIBM SoftLayerRackspaceProfitBricksAliCloud1&1 -Provider1&1AliCloudProfitBricksRackspaceIBM GoogleJoyentMicrosoftAWSCogeco Peer1Pricing 0.056 0.065 0.105 0.129 0.135 0.139 0.142 0.156 0.157 0.158 0.177 0.191 0.192 0.194 0.200ProviderAliCloud1&1Pricing 38 40Medium Instance Monthly CostAverage 96 150 120 90 60 30Cogeco eRackspaceIBM d -CloudSigmaOVHProfitBricksGoogleIBM ntMicrosoftAWSCogeco Peer1 52 56 77 90 91 94 102 115 115 140 140 142 146Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison 20Copyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

Windows: Medium Instance PricingMedium Instance Annual CostAverage 1,116 2,400 2,100 1,800 1,500 1,200 900 600 300Cogeco ckspaceIBM loud -Medium Instance 3 Year CostAverage 3,246 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000Cogeco M SigmaAliCloud outeIBM ntMicrosoftCogeco Peer1Pricing 452 480 560 672 921 1,088 1,092 1,130 1,190 1,289 1,375 1,384 1,676 1,682 WSGoogleInterouteIBM ftCogeco Peer1Pricing 1,356 1,401 1,440 2,016 2,764 3,008 3,164 3,264 3,276 3,390 4,126 4,152 5,027 5,046 5,256Cloud Spectator IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison 21Copyright 2010-2017 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product andservice names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

Windows: Large Instance PricingLarge Instance Hourly CostAverage 0.28 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0

Cloud providers exhibited major pricing differences. For Linux VMs, the highest priced providers were up to 16.5x more expensive than the lowest priced providers. For Windows VMs, the highest priced providers were up to 6.3x more expensive than the lowest priced providers. Price-conscious cloud buyers should assess their current spend and