Transcription
Goddess Astrology Re-VisionedTransformation via theby Gary P. CatonIn modern astrology, Plutohas come to hold an almost universalsway over the ideas of Death, Rebirth,and Transformation. The decade ofthe 1990s was, in large part, defined inastrology by the powerful material generated regarding this modern planet.Then, in 2006, Pluto was “demoted” toa dwarf planet, and many astrologershave tried to deny the validity of thereclassification of our system by astronomers. Some of us have managed to seethe bright side and, instead, celebratedthe “promotion” of Ceres back to planetary (albeit dwarf) status and the reemergence of the feminine within newplanetary discoveries, such as Sednaand Eris.The original Olympians consisted ofsix gods and six goddesses.1 However,the astrology we have inherited is —like our society — often much moreskewed toward the masculine. Onlytwo of the Olympian goddesses arerecognized by many modern astrologers: Aphrodite/Venus and Diana/Luna.Though the four main asteroids werediscovered between 1801 and 1807 andnamed for the four remaining Olympiangoddesses, it seems that we have yet totruly integrate them into modern astrology. After much investigation, I havecome to see that the recent astronomicalreclassification begs us astrologers to reexamine the role of the goddesses, particularly with respect to the astrologicalprocesses of rebirth and transformation.Venus: The OriginalGoddess of RebirthAncient astrologers, across manycultures, viewed the visible cycle of aplanet with intense interest and paidparticular attention to the heliacal risingof the “wandering stars,” or the five vis-46 www.mountainastrologer.com
ible planets. Visually, Venus’s 19-monthsynodic cycle begins as she appears inthe eastern morning sky. She climbshigher in the sky each morning untilshe reaches about halfway up to thezenith. Then, she descends from thisheight until she disappears from view— appearing to go “underground” andeventually re-emerging in the westernevening sky. She then repeats her rising and disappearing act to return asa morning star. So, Venus appears tojourney through the Underworld in herpassage between incarnations as themorning and evening star. Sumerian/Babylonian mythology included thetransformative journey of death andrebirth through the Underworld forInanna/Ishtar. Thus, it seems entirelyreasonable to look to the planet Venusfor personal themes of death and rebirthin the horoscope — especially if she iswithin at least 25 degrees of the Sunand, therefore, is preparing to descendto, is within, or is beginning to emergefrom her Underworld journey.Demeter/Ceres:Bringer of SeasonsThere is evidence that the Eleusiniancult of Demeter actually predates theOlympians and evolved from an oldagrarian fertility cult.2 Similarly, sheis invoked, via the Homeric Hymn toDemeter, in her Olympian form as the“Bringer of Seasons” — suggesting afunction having to do with fertility andthe seasonal vegetative cycle of rebirth.Many are familiar with the mythicalstory of Pluto abducting Ceres’ daughterPersephone down into the Underworld.Ceres became so caught up in her griefthat she caused the vegetation to witherand die. Jupiter intervened and sentMercury to retrieve Persephone, but notbefore Pluto had tricked her into eatinga pomegranate — which forced herreturn to the Underworld each year.Ceres’ subsequent annual mourningof her daughter’s absence is deemedresponsible for the seasons when nograin grows. Of course, this is an originstory that seeks to explain the seasonalcycle of Nature, but it can also havecultural and psychological correlates.The originalOlympiansconsisted ofsix gods andsix goddesses.However, theastrology wehave inheritedis – like oursociety –often much moreskewed towardthe masculine.The rape/abduction of the femalegoddesses, across various mythologies,is seen as a cultural parallel to the forceful institution of patriarchal paradigms inplace of the old matriarchal societies.3Psychologically, the myth of Ceres,Persephone, and Pluto can representany dynamic whereby a relatively innocent or powerless person is forced toabandon or surrender a part of themselves to a more devious or powerfulfigure. Certainly, this is something thatall human beings experience, to onedegree or another. What is very confusing to me is that, in the myth, Plutoclearly represents an invader/abductor,and many modern astrologers want tosay that Pluto universally represents theprocess of transformation/rebirth. However, Pluto was not the one who wastransformed or reborn in this myth —it was the goddesses Ceres and Per sephone! Perhaps the astronomicalreclassification is a signal that we astrologers should consider assigning functions to the newly discovered planetsthat are more truly representative oftheir mythology.TransformationIt seems to me that the oft-heardkeyword for Pluto, “transformation,”is frequently misused or perhaps mis understood. Trans is Latin for “across,”“beyond,” or “on the opposite side [of].”Form, in an archetypal context, canreally be seen only in philosophical orontological terms. Forms or Ideas, in thePlatonic sense, are metaphysical principles that organize matter. So, transformation, in an astrological context,involves the process of going beyond thecurrent organizing principles.For the average individual, transformation would then mean going beyondthe organizing principles of one’s ownlife. Venus and the asteroids, because oftheir relative proximity to us, representan inherently more personal connectionwith the process of transformation viatheir cycles of 19 months (Venus’s synodic period) and four to five years (theasteroids). Obviously, the social planets (Jupiter and Saturn) and the outerplanets (beyond Saturn) represent forcesover which the average individual sometimes has little or no control, and theirtransits can thus spur us to go beyondour current organizing principles. Still,the most important and empoweringtransformation often occurs when we,like Ceres, demand attention for partsof ourselves that have been abducted ordenied by these forces. This personallydirected transformation engages our will,whereas being compelled to change byforces outside ourselves can be confusing and victimizing.The power of homeostasis is suchthat, even when we find ourselves beingforced to stop living in a stale or outworn story, we may still have a hardtime making changes. So, we ask ourastrologer to tell us our future. For manymodern astrologers, this question simplyboils down to: When will the agents ofchange — the outer planets — activatethe nativity by transit? But unless theclient is seeking change to be imposedfrom the outside, then the astrologerwho is focusing only on outer-planettransits may be entirely missing thepoint! In terms of personally initiatedtransformation, rebirthing comes fromconsciously making room for somethingnew in our own stories — in our day-today lives. Sometimes there is no convenient way to do this; we must personallyAug./Sept. 2009 * The Mountain Astrologer 47
Goddess Astrologyupset our present homeostasis to createa new story for ourselves.In many ways, I think that the asteroids act as more personal agents of theprocesses of change that are initiatedconsciously and experienced internally.To expand on the label given the outerplanets by Howard Sasportas, The Godsof Change, I would say that the asteroids are Goddesses of Change — ortransformation. The threefold processof transformation, outlined in the firstten pages of Demetra George’s seminalwork, Asteroid Goddesses, is the basisfor my understanding of how this works.Because the asteroids dwell betweenthe personal planets (Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars) and the social planets (Jupiter and Saturn), they representa process of transformation betweenpersonal/individual and social/collectiveneeds, motivations, and values.4 I wouldadd to Demetra George’s premise thatthis process seems to work both ways.Pluto, as a God of the Underworld,certainly seems to be representative ofthe transformational space — the darkest recesses of our unconscious. Thepurpose of the journey to the Underworld is to recover the “buried treasure”of forgotten or disowned parts of ourselves. It is not Pluto’s job to see to thisrecovery, any more than it is the salvageyard owner’s job to fix your car. Pluto ismerely the “proprietor” of the space. Onthe other hand, Venus and Ceres in thenativity show how naturally and organically involved the person is with theprocess of transformation — the deeplyI think that theasteroids act as morepersonal agents of theprocesses of change thatare initiated consciouslyand experiencedinternally.personal work of re-integrating our lostparts. The process itself occurs in threesteps or stages and is represented bythe Asteroid Goddesses: Vesta, Pallas,and Juno.The first step of the transformationalprocess is symbolized by Vesta, goddessof the sacred flame. One of the inherenteffects of a flame is that it reduces physical material to ash. Vesta, the first stage,is where we find ourselves experiencingheavy feelings of isolation, and ourawareness is turned inward. This hasthe effect of focusing and compressingthe awareness like the potential energyin a tightly coiled spring. I have oftenseen that transits and progressions toand from Vesta result in situations wherethe native is initiated into the transformative process. For example, BobDylan’s motorcycle accident happenedat a Vesta return.5 In the wake of hisaccident, Dylan withdrew from the public and, apart from a few select appearances, did not tour again for eight years.A mundane example can be found inthe United States chart: In my opinion,the most striking ties between the tran-sits for Pearl Harbor and 9/11 are thetransiting Jupiter–Saturn conjunctionsin Taurus, which closely preceded bothevents and formed on either side of natalVesta in the U.S. chart of July 4, 1776.(Charts are not shown.)The second step of the transformational process is represented by Pallas,goddess of strategic warfare and heroicendeavor. Since Pallas sprang forthfrom Zeus’s head, she represents thecreative release of the compressedpotential of the Vesta stage. Pallas wasthe patroness of crafts (especially weaving) and also the more disciplined andstrategic side of war, so this creativerelease is best accomplished by practicing the consistent repetition of elementsof a new pattern or story. This repetition eventually gives rise to a new orderor homeostasis, much like the iterationof a fractal gives rise to a larger pattern.One of the best examples of the creativepower of Pallas is the July 4, 1776 chartfor the U.S. (especially the versions withSagittarius rising). Pallas conjunct theAquarius Moon in the 3rd Whole Signhouse speaks to one of the fundamentalqualities of the American character.Pamphlets by freethinkers such asThomas Paine reiterated the spirit of theAmerican Revolution; these were distributed among the people and even readto inspire the soldiers. In mundaneastrology, the Moon represents thePeople, and the Aquarian conjunctionwith Pallas represents the fundamentallyresilient spirit of the American people.I believe that President Obama wassuccessful in his campaign largelybecause of his consistently repeatedappeal to this spirit, which was echoedin his victory speech:Jeffrey Wolf Green’sJ School of Evolutionary AstrologyThe original video correspondencecourse that Jeffrey taught in Phoenix,Arizona is once again available.For further information, please go towww.schoolofevolutionaryastrology.comor emaildevagreen@schoolofevolutionaryastrology.com48 www.mountainastrologer.com
If there is anyone out there whostill doubts that America is a placewhere all things are possible, whostill wonders if the Dream of ourFounders is alive in our time, whostill questions the power of ourdemocracy, tonight is your answer It’s the answer that led thosewho’ve been told for so long by somany to be cynical and fearful anddoubtful about what we can achieve[Vesta stage] to put their hands onthe arc of history and bend it oncemore toward the hope of a betterday [Pallas stage].6groundbreaking “Like a Rolling Stone”also her role of creating new patterns.sessions, producer Tom Wilson actedJuno has an extremely eccentric or ellipon an intuitive hunch and used sessiontical orbit; this means that she crossesartists to record an electric version ofthe orbits of the other asteroids, whichthe Simon & Garfunkel song on Junesuits her role as maker of connections.15, 1965. This happened as a transitingKurt Cobain: Hero of aJuno–Jupiter trine (in Aquarius–Gemini)New Generationformed a grand trine to Simon’s natalOf the heroes of my generation,conjunction.As a final comment on this threefold one of the first and perhaps the mostnotorious and influential was Kurtprocess of transformation, I would likeCobain of the band Nirvana. Nirvana’sto point out that the very astronomicalcharacteristics of the individual asteroids early success paved the way for others to follow in creating “grunge” musicseem to back up this concept. Ceresor the “Seattle Sound.” This new musicqualifies for planetary status becauseshe has enough mass to achieve “hydro- was characterized by dark themes andThe third and final step of the transfeelings of not belonging. Cobain’s chartstatic equilibrium” (she is spherical) andformational process is represented bycomprises roughly one-third of the mass is also a most egregious example ofJuno, goddess of women and marriage.elemental bias, with every single planetof the entire asteroid belt. Pallas, Juno,Juno presides over the ritual and legalin the nocturnal earth and water signs.and Vesta, the next three asteroids toarrangements of marriage and is the(See Chart 1, below.) When viewedbe discovered, together have as mucharchetype of union. Thus, Juno symthrough Whole Sign houses, three permass as Ceres. So, these three representbolizes the final stage of transformingsonal planets with Saturn in the loadedpieces of what Ceres herself representsour life story by following and complet7th house reminds me of the line:as a whole: Ceres, the Bringer of Seaing the synchronistic connections to the“locked inside your heart-shaped box”sons, symbolizes the constant cycle ofplayers who will help us to flesh out our— this house contains Evening Stardeath and rebirth, while Vesta, Pallas,new pattern. Potential “suitors” can pop- and Juno represent three particularVenus in her sign of exaltation. Also,ulate this new story with additional roles/ agents and stages of this process. VestaVenus has fairly recently risen fromplayers. Since we see here the idea thatinvisibility in the Underworld (whenhas the tightest orbit, contained entirelyarrangements for union must be madeshe was outshone at her superior conwithin the orbit of Ceres, so it makes sense that she symbolizes the first stepaccording to social and legal customs,junction with the Sun). In Hellenistic there is an implicit quality of discriminaastrology, the heliacal rising of a planetofthetransformationalprocess.Pallas tion within this stage. To allow thetrans- has an extremely high orbital inclinationwas called phasis, or “an appearance formational process to culminate, wethat speaks.” Cobain and Nirvanaor tilt, which fits not only the mythology must be discriminating enough to noticecertainly were that.of her springing out of Zeus’s head, but and welcome opportunities to join withNot only did Cobain experienceothers who are truly representative of thehaving personal planets tied into the newly emerging homeostasis. We mustincredibly intense mid-1960s Uranus, also show determination in rebuffing anyNeptune, and Pluto “Generation X” potential connections that are not repsignature, but both of the social planets resentative of the new story.were involved as well. Saturn is oppo A great example of this pro site Uranus, signifying the pro cess is the chart of musician Paul found social unrest of the times. Simon, who was born withJupiter is trine Saturn and sextile a Sun–Juno conjunction in Uranus–Pluto. So, Cobain bore Libra (chart not shown). Thatthe stigma of embracing social Chart 1: the duo of Simon & Garfunvalues that differ from the dominant culture of competiKurt Cobainkel ever became famous is Whole Sign housesthe result of an extremely fortion and consumption,8 as well tunate synchronicity. Afterasthe added weight of being in their breakthrough song, touch with transpersonal, sha “The Sound of Silence,” wasmanic energies that are hard to express and even more difficult torecorded, their album flopped and Simon & Garfunkel brokeunderstand. up. The Juno stage was reachedIn my last article in The Moun only because of a fateful7 decisiontainAstrologer,I outlined four primary by their producer. Immediately afterarchetypes of the Hero: Warrior, recording Bob Dylan’s monumentallyWanderer, Martyr, and Magician —Aug./Sept. 2009 * The Mountain Astrologer 49
Goddess Astrologyrepresented by the four elements offire, air, water, and earth, respectively.9In terms of the four Heroic archetypes,I think we can safely say that Cobainwas walking the path of the Wandererfrom an early age. The Wanderer rejectswhat some would call safety and fleesit, learning instead by autonomy andindependence.Cobain was magnetized to thepunk rock sound and wrote lyrics thatexpressed both alienation and a senseof vulnerability. One of the quotes perhaps most in touch with these “outsider” feelings is: “I’m not like them /But I can pretend” — the opening linesfrom the song “Dumb,” which appearedwith “Heart-Shaped Box” on the 1993album In Utero. Of course, the elemental correlate for the Wanderer hero isair. It is very interesting, then, that theonly planet in Cobain’s chart occupying an air sign is Ceres, the Bringer ofSeasons, who resides in Gemini and inthe 10th Whole Sign house. Ceres formstwo mutable t-squares with the oppositions of Venus–Saturn to Uranus–Pluto.So, we have all three planets associatedwith transformation and the Underworldinvolved in a t-square, with Ceres asthe focal point. Is it any surprise thatCobain’s career became the perfectembodiment of all the anger, depression, and urge to reclaim what has beentaken that are so central to the myth ofDemeter/Ceres? In fact, in Nirvana’slast album, In Utero, Cobain included“the goddess Demeter”’ among thepeople he thanked, and on the backof the album there are many symbolsrelated to Demeter.10 The album alsofeatures a song titled “Rape Me.” Inshort, I don’t believe that an astrologercan even begin to truly understandthis man, his life, or his chart withoutthe inclusion of Demeter/Ceres in thehoroscope. Ceres, the focal planet oftwo mutable t-squares in Cobain’schart, represents his unmistakable,undeniable, and irresistible need forperiodically undertaking the journeyto the Underworld to reclaim lostpieces of himself.50 www.mountainastrologer.comCeres symbolizes theconstant cycle of deathand rebirth, whileVesta, Pallas, andJuno represent threeparticular agents andstages of this process.The Process of Transformationin Cobain’s LifeWe have noted that the actual process of transformation can be brokendown into three steps that are symbolized by Vesta, Pallas, and Juno. Transformation means going beyond thecurrent organizing principles. Often, Ihave seen the transiting or progressedasteroids highlight a possible windowof change in an individual’s life. InCobain’s chart, the progressions to andfrom the asteroids give us a glimpse intothe seasons of his life. In many ways,secondary progressions are the ultimateindicator of Life Seasons, because onlythe inner personal planets and asteroidsprogress enough to form new aspects,and yet these occur over an extendedtime similar to outer-planet transits. So,we can look at the long-term emergenceof elemental personal processes thatwe all grapple with on a regular basis.Progressions basically track the threemonths of transits after your birth. Alongwith the nine months of gestation, thiscompletes the yearly cycle — a Cosmiccycle — your Season of Becoming.Remember, the first step in thetransformational process is representedby Vesta, who symbolizes the focusing,concentrative effects of having left theordinary world. The Vestal virgins dedicated their lives in service to the sacredflame. As an archetype, Vesta representsboth the social focus of the central hearthand the compressive power of fire itselfas it alchemically transforms the darkmatter or fuel into the spiritual energyof the sacred flame. Accordingly, thosewho are in this stage of the transformative process often experience heavyemotions connected with separation,isolation, and alienation. However, it isimportant to keep in mind that this compressive state has positive utility. It canbe seen as a metaphor for stored energywith the potential for a powerful release.In Cobain’s natal chart (a nocturnalbirth), we see that Vesta is applying to avery close conjunction with Neptune inthe sign of Scorpio. Mars, also in Scorpio, is in his nocturnal rulership. Here,the Warrior Planet must navigate a landscape of darkness and so must expresshimself somewhat indirectly. Thus, wemight expect that, when Cobain waspresented with the initiatory energy oftransformative situations (Vesta) thatinvited him to go beyond his currentorganizing principles, he would reactidealistically (Neptune), defensively, orinstinctively and perhaps in a passive–aggressive fashion (nocturnal Mars).These instincts would tend to expressthemselves in the 3rd-house arenas offriends and the local social scene.The first important event in the lifeof the young Kurt Cobain was the separation of his parents in 1975 when hewas eight years old. Cobain becamewithdrawn at first but then grew resentful and rebellious about being shuffledbetween friends and family. Cobain’sprogressed Moon in Scorpio activatedboth natal Mars and Vesta around thetime of his parents’ divorce. This rebellious attitude became the new emotionalfocus in Cobain’s life and eventuallydrew him to explore the punk rock scenearound Seattle.The next step in the transformational process is represented by Pallas,who symbolizes the creative release ofthe potential energy stored in the previous stage. Pallas sprang forth fullyformed from Zeus’s head. A WarriorGoddess, she is the companion of heroesand the patron of heroic endeavor. TheParthenon was built for her worship, soshe can also be associated with artisticexpression. In terms of process, Pallassignifies the repetition of patterns representative of a new order that is calledforth to replace the old outworn order.Cobain’s natal Pallas resides in Ariesin the 8th house of shared resources andis applying to a closing square to Jupiter in Cancer. Thus, we can expect thatthe ultimate release of the compressiveforces from the Vesta stage of transformation would be experienced in a very
primal and forceful fashion (Aries is thediurnal rulership of Mars). This abundantenergy could lead to a very dramaticexpansion (exalted Jupiter). Aries needsto be the pioneer, and the 8th houseis about merging, so it is no surprisethat Cobain and his bandmates liked toexperiment with raw distorted soundsin fusing the primal genres of punk rockand heavy metal.The next important event inCobain’s life was the formation of Nirvana in 1987 with Krist Novoselic. Thisis symbolized in the chart by progressedEvening Star Venus making a conjunction with natal Pallas in Aries. Includingin the horoscope the cardinal fire ofCobain’s natal Pallas does much to helpexplain the raw energy that always wasNirvana. The progressed Moon joinedVenus and Pallas in 1988, as the bandwent through the process of reiteratingthe new pattern with several differentdrummers. Dave Grohl later joined theband, which eventually achieved superstardom with the album Nevermind in1991 as the progressed Moon enteredCobain’s 10th Whole Sign house withnatal Ceres in Gemini.The final step in the transformativeprocess is represented by Juno, symbolizing the connections with new players who enter the scene in synchronousresponse to the person’s invitation in theprevious stage. Juno was, of course, thewife of Jupiter, so she often indicatespartners but also the overall principleof connectivity. Ultimately, a new orderemerges completely when one followsthe connections that Juno represents. Byengaging with new players, the persontransitions from one story to another.In Cobain’s natal chart, Juno isin Leo in the 12th house, and Mars inScorpio is making an opening square.The 12th is said to be the house of “selfundoing,” so we might expect that thedramatic expansive potential signified bynatal Pallas could lead to problematic situations within the Juno stage. In fact, theready availability of drugs to a rock starmade it easy for Cobain to use them toself-medicate his chronic stomach pain.The final important event inCobain’s life was meeting CourtneyLove, his future wife and the mother ofhis child. The two were formally introduced in May 1991 and pursued acourtship that autumn. At that time,both progressed Pallas in Taurus andprogressed Saturn in Aries would fireoff Cobain’s close Mars–Juno natalsquare. Juno in Leo in the 12th WholeSign house seems to be a pretty gooddescriptor of Courtney Love. She hasbeen characterized as someone whoalways wanted to be a star and thoughtshe was one, and she had a central rolein Cobain’s continued drug use.11 I do not wish to seem judgmental ofCourtney Love here, but I do want topoint out that she obviously repre sentsan old story, not a new one. She basically embodies the unhealthy model ofrelationships given to Cobain by his parents. At this point in his life, almostanyone he met would have done so,because through no fault of his own heinherited an unhealthy story aroundrelationships. Without serious workin this area, the inherited story is thedefault. As a former mental health professional, I remember the adage: “Thebest predictor of future behavior is pastbehavior.” This is really just another wayof saying that “the sins of the father willbe visited upon the son.” In terms of ourlife, what this means is that, unless weconsciously choose to go through theprocess of transformation, the stories wewill find ourselves inhabiting are thosegiven to us by our parents and our culture. Cobain had transformed his personal life story into that of the WandererHero, but in choosing which connectionsto follow, he made an error in judgment.As he may have known intuitively, there was simply no way that he couldlive the “let’s get married and have children”story without bringing up all his mostintense inner conflicts. In the final analysis,it is clearto me, from the lyrics of In Utero and Cobain’s Charts use Whole Sign houses and the True Node. Chart 2: Bi-wheel Inner wheel and house cusps are Kurt Cobain, natalOuter wheel is progressed to his deathon April 5, 1994 at 7:00 p.m.(per police report) Aug./Sept. 2009 * The Mountain Astrologer 51
progressed Juno (at 0 Leo) were bothapplying within one degree to form agrand trine to progressed Vesta in the lastdegree of Scorpio. (See Chart 2, outerwheel, p. 51.) The grand trine is not necessarily beneficial and can be tragic.12In Cobain’s nativity, we can seethat the goddesses of transformation areintegrally involved. In fact, some of themost cogent explanations for the fieryand airy parts of his temperament comefrom including these asteroids! Furthermore, at each major turn in his life, wenote, by progression, the corresponding symbolism of the three-step processof transformation. With the reactivationof Vesta at the time of Cobain’s death,the call to re-initiate this process of transformation was clearly sounding. I amconvinced that, with some guidance inthis process, this obviously intelligentyoung man would have had a much better chance to choose stories that wouldhave led him instead toward rebirth fromthe Underworld.When I see this type of patternemerging in my clients’ charts and hearthem telling me they are living an out-claim that “Grunge is Dead,” that hewas inhabiting a story that had outlivedits usefulness for him. Transformationmeans going beyond the current organizing principles. On the personal levelof the asteroids, this can be reflectedin our lives as the ability to transitionbetween the four Heroic archetypes:Warrior (fire), Wanderer (air), Martyr(water), and Magician (earth). When wehave walked one path for too long, wemay experience stagnation unless anduntil we are able to pursue one of theother Heroic archetypes. The path ofthe Hero is also a process, not a destination. Sometimes we cannot be satisfiedwith having made the transformativejourney to the Underworld only once inour lives. As heroes, we must ever harken to the “call to adventure.” Cobainthe Wanderer Hero needed to transformhimself again, to descend into the Wombof the Great Mother — into Tartarus,or the Underworld — to go In Utero.A
work, Asteroid Goddesses, is the basis for my understanding of how this works. Because the asteroids dwell between the personal planets (Sun, Moon, Mer-cury, Venus, Mars) and the social plan-ets (Jupiter and Saturn), they represent a process of transformation between personal/individual and social/collective needs, motivations, and values.4 I would
