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Pokagon Band of Potawatomi IndiansIndiana Domestic Violence PresentationPokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

IntroductionThis presentation is to serve as an introduction to: the Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians’ government; the impact of historical trauma on Native Americancommunities and the prevalence of domestic violence inNative American communities; Provide information about services available to NativeAmerican domestic violence survivors; and Provide information about Culturally Appropriate Services.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

As of February 2020, there are 574 Federally Recognized TribalNations across the country.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomihttp://www.ncai.org/about-tribes

Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians HistoryPokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Tribal Overview September 21, 1994 President Bill Clinton signed the law which affirmed federalrecognition of Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians– One of 12 federally recognized tribes in Michigan and the only federally recognized tribe in Indiana Administrative offices are located in Dowagiac, MI with a satellite location in SouthBend, IN 10-County Service Delivery Area includes four counties in Michigan (Allegan, Berrien,Cass, and Van Buren Counties) and six in Indiana (Elkhart, Kosciusko, LaPorte, Marshall,St. Joseph, and Starke) Land base includes property in Dowagiac, New Buffalo, Hartford, and Niles in Michigan;and South Bend, Elkhart, Goshen, and North Liberty in Indiana. Land includes trust land (over which the Pokagon Band exercises jurisdiction) and feeland.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

MichiganAlleganBerrienCassVan BurenPokégnek ÉdawatPokagon Tribal VillagesDowagiac, MIIndianaHartford, MISt. JosephElkhartStarkeLaPorteMarshallKosciuskoSouth Bend, IN

Tribal Sovereignty Tribal Sovereignty recognizes the government-to-governmentrelationship between the Pokagon Band and the United States. In theexercise of sovereignty, the Pokagon Band, through the Pokagon BandConstitution, established the Tribal Council (executive and legislativebranch) and an independent Judicial system. The Pokagon Band places great value on its work with state and localunits of government to establish effective partnerships on key initiativesand to coordinate programs that benefit native and non-nativecommunities alike. The Pokagon Band and other Indian tribes havepursued self-determination in an effort to overcome the effects ofassimilation and poverty that have plagued Indian communities for nearlytwo centuries. vereignty)Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Pokagon Band Tribal Court The mission of the Tribal Judiciary isto provide fully functioning judicialforums for all matters heard by thecourts of the Tribe built upon Triballaws, values, culture and traditionswhich provide fairness and dueprocess in resolving conflicts anddisputes within its jurisdiction. ThePokagon Band Tribal Court consistsof an Appellate Court with threejustices and a trial court with aChief Judge and an Associate Judge.All Pokagon Band judges arelicensed attorneys.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Practicing in Tribal Court The Tribal Court allowsattorneys to petition foradmission to practice before theTribal Court. Attorneys must beadmitted in any state and be ingood standing in that state. Eachapplicant for admission mustcomplete an Admission toPractice (Revised 01-062020), Oath of Admission andmust be duly admitted topractice. Admission to practicebefore the Tribal Court isdeemed admission to practicebefore the Appellate Court.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Jurisdiction The Pokagon Band Tribal Court exercises jurisdiction overcivil and criminal matters. Congress and the U.S. Supreme Court have limited criminaljurisdiction of Tribal Courts and governments. Tribes arelimited to penalties of one year (unless adoption requirementof the Tribal Law and Order Act). Tribes cannot exercise criminal jurisdiction over non-Natives–which is a concerning issue for Native women—unless theTribal Code has adopted provisions of the Violence AgainstWomen Act (VAWA).Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Tribal PoliceThe department’s mission is toprovide a safe, welcome, and orderlyenvironment for the Pokagon Band ofPotawatomi community, defend thesovereignty of the Band and the rightsof all the people in its jurisdiction, andassist in improving the quality of lifefor all Pokagon citizens.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Tribal Police Responsibilities Due to the complexities of jurisdiction and in order to keepcitizens and non-citizens safe, our Tribal Police Officers are licensedunder Michigan Commission on Law Enforcement Standards(MCOLES) deputized by Berrien, Cass and Van Buren Sheriff’sOffices as deputies in Michigan and by St. Joseph County Sheriff’sOffice as officers in Indiana. All are also commissioned as federalofficers by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. They must know federal, tribal, and state law for Michigan and forIndiana and work with two federal jurisdictions, two statejurisdictions and five counties.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

DV By the Numbers Overall 1 in 4 women will experience domestic violence– 2 in 5 Native American women will experience domestic violence 1 in 6 American women will be sexually assaulted at some point in their lifetime– 1 in 3 Native American women will be sexually assaulted 1 in 12 women will be stalked. This rate is doubled for Native American women,and 75% know their stalker. Overall, more than 1.5 million AI/AN women have experienced violence intheir lifetime. Why are rates so much higher for Native American women?Report by the National Institute of Justice (2016)Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Historical Trauma– A concept developed by Dr. Maria Yellow Horse Braveheart toexplain why communities of color, particularly Native Americancommunities, have such staggering rates of substance abuse, violence,health disparities, etc.– Historical trauma is defined as the cumulative emotional andpsychological pain experienced over a lifetime that comes as a resultof generational trauma.– This concept applies to other marginalized communities as well.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Examples– Colonization andgenocide– Loss of land and culturethrough Indian Removal Potawatomi Trail ofDeath– Boarding schools and theremoval of children fromtheir parents– Government-sanctionedforced sterilization ofNative American womenHistorical TraumaPokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Impact Increased rates of violence against Native Americanwomen– Native cultures generally treat women with respect– Prior to European colonization there was very little recordof violence against women– Majority of reported offenders of violence against NativeWomen are non-Native partnersPokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Intimate Partner Violence Triangle The Power and Control Wheellooks slightly different in NativeAmerican communities Cultural Abuse: Competes over“Indianess” , misinterprets cultureto prove male superiority. Ritual Abuse: Prays against them.Defines spirituality as masculine.Stops her from practicing herways. Uses religion as a threat.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Youth the Numbers Overall 1 in 4 children will be witness to domestic violence intheir home. (OJP)– However 40 % of Native American Children are exposed to two ormore acts of violence by age 18. (Children’s Exposure to Violence: A ComprehensiveNational Survey) Native American children experience violence at a higher rate thanany other race in the United States (Bureau of Justice Statistics, Victim Characteristics:Race)Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Impact on Youth Children living in homes where they have experienceddomestic violence from an early age are at greater risk fordeveloping trauma-related responses that may impact theirgrowth and development. Their physical, emotional, spiritualmental health is impacted as a result of the violence. (National Center onDomestic Violence, Trauma & Mental Health) Cycle of Violence- model back violent behaviors, more likelyto be an abuser or become a victim.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Pokagon Band Domestic Violence Program This program is through the Pokagon Bandof Potawatomi Department of SocialServices. Services are open to anyone, regardless ofgender, who are presently or previouslyexperiencing domestic violence and are:– A Pokagon Band Tribal Citizen; or– A Citizen of another Tribe; or– A tribal parent– Or a current or former partner of aTribal MemberPokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Programs and Services Services available include:– Case Management– Short Term CrisisCounseling– Support Group– Culturally CompetentOutreach Events andPrograms-Connection to PokagonBand housing, healthcare,behavioral health services,pharmacy, dental care andother services.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

For Kids’ Sake ProgramIs focused on building resilience for PokagonBand children and youth who haveexperienced domestic violence. The goal is tohelp break the cycle of domestic violencewith working with the non-offendingcaregiver to provide support.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Services Provided Age appropriate safety planning Case management Individual advocacy Teaching healthy coping skills Family Resiliency Activities Unhealthy & healthy relationshipseducation Trauma informed educationalmaterial Resource referrals- to Tribal andNon-Tribal community resourcesPokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Providing Culturally Appropriate Services Recognize that not all tribal people are the same andtheir relationship to their tribe can vary. Identify and recognize historical and current trauma. Research and gain an understanding of the local tribesand services to provide access to tribal resources andreferrals.Pokégnek Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

Questions?If you have any other questions feel free to contact meSamantha HickokKids First ManagerDepartment of Social Services(269) 462-4442 deskSamantha.Hickok@pokagonband-nsn.govAnnette NickelProsecutor/Presenting OfficerOffice of General Counsel(269) k Bodéwadmik · Pokagon Band of Potawatomi

admission to practice before the Tribal Court. Attorneys must be admitted in any state and be in good standing in that state. Each applicant for admission must complete anAdmission to Practice (Revised 01-06-2020),Oath of Admission and must be duly admitted to practice. Admission to practice before the Tribal Court is deemed admission to practice