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“Fundamentals of SNMP”Simple Network Management ProtocolPart 2Wayne M. Pecena, CPBE, CBNETexas A&M UniversityEducational Broadcast Services – KAMU FM-TVNovember 14, 2019
“Fundamentals of SNMP”Advertised Presentation ScopeTutorial OverviewThe Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) was created as a means tomonitor and control devices in an Internet Protocol (IP) network. SNMP iswidely used in Information Technology (IT) environments and is becomingpopular in broadcast equipment. Wayne Pecena, CPBE, 8-VSB, AMD, DRB,CBNE presents this webinar that will provide a familiarity with SNMPfundamentals beginning with consideration to a Network ManagementSystem (NMS) architecture and system components.Part 2 will look at implementation of SNMP in the broadcast environment toprovide a robust monitoring and notification alerting environment from ITequipment to the transmitter.2
“Fundamentals of SNMP – Part 2”AGENDA Brief Part 1 Review SNMP Manager Options:– Commercial Offerings– Open-Source Options Obtaining MIB’s Agent Configuration Takeaway Review, Resources, & Questions
“Fundamentals of SNMP”Simple Network Management ProtocolPart 2Brief Part 1 Review4
SNMP – The ProtocolSimple Network Management Protocol A core protocol of the Internet Protocol (IP) family:– Managed device monitoring– Configuring managed networked devices Implemented at the Applications Layer (OSI)– UDP utilized for message transport– UDP ports 161 / 162 IETF defined standard (SNMPv3):– RFC 3411 - 3418Simple GatewayMonitoringProtocol&High-level EntityManagementSystems5
SNMP Community ArchitectureGET / SET RequestSNMPManagerGET / SET ResponseTrapSNMP IB6
SNMP System Components The SNMP CommunityAgentDevicesManagement Information BaseSystem Manager7
Core CommandsSNMPv3 PDU’s GETGET BULKGET NEXTGET RESPONSEINFORMNOTIFICATIONREPORTSETTRAPcommand syntax:“get” command example% snmpget –v1 –c community host name/IP OIDIPHeaderUDPHeaderVersionCommunityNameSNMPPDU8
Commands in Detail INFORM (inform request) – An asynchronousacknowledgment notification (provides ACK over UDP) NOTIFICATION – Agent to manager notification – unsolicitedmessage REPORT – Indicates that a “core” SNMP stack communicationserror has occurred SET – Changes a managed device managed object value TRAP – Alert message initiated by a managed deviceagent to the NMS9
Agent Enabler of network managementfeatures Software within the managed device Collects information Communicates with the manager Sends information to the MIB– Polled info– Alert info10
Object ID“OID” The Object IdentifierGlobally unique ISO identifier or locatorAn address to identify a specific device parameter function or statusHierarchical organized structure – similar to computer file structureNAUTEL OID example:1.3.6.1.4.1.28142.1.300.256.329.011
System ManagerNMS – Network Management Station Heart of the SNMP System Polls managed devices for information– Status– Telemetry Sends commands to managed devicesReceives ‘traps” from managed devicesSends email or SMS notificationsProvides a “Graphical User Interface” or “GUI dashboard”12
“Fundamentals of SNMP”Simple Network Management ProtocolPart 2SNMP Manager Options:13
FCC RequirementsTransmitter Monitoring/Control/Logging73.1350(b)(2) says "The transmitter control personnel must have the capability toturn the transmitter off at all times. If the personnel are at a remote location,the control system must provide this capability continuously or must include analternate method of acquiring control that can satisfy the requirement ofparagraph (e) of this section that operation be terminated within three minutes."73.1800 requires the maintenance of a station logFor most stations, REQUIRED logging is limited to tower lights and EAS. Fordirectional stations without an approved monitoring system, additionaldirectional parameters are required.http://www.hallikainen.com/FccRules/14
SNMP Manager Selection“My Decision Tree”System ManagerSourceCommercial Open - SourceOpen – Source SoftwareCommercial Support ITCentricBroadcastCentric15
Open-Source System Manager CactiIcinga2NagiosOpen NMSPrometheusZabbix16
Zabbixzabbix.org / zabbix.com Open-Source / IT Centric – v 4.4––––NetworkServerCloudApplication Linux based (CentOS)17
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Commercial System Manager“IT Centric” SolarWinds NPMPaessler PRTGManageEngine OpManagerSysAid MonitoringKaseyaAlteraSpiceworks NetMonPulsewayLogicMonitorEvent SentryIpswitch WhatsUp Gold19
SolarWindswww.solarwinds.com SolarWinds Network Perfromance Monitor / IT Centric – v2019-4––––NetworkServerCloudApplication Windows x64 PC/server based (Windows Server 2016 / 2019)20
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Paessler prtgwww.paessler.com Paessler Router Traffic Grapher / IT Centric – v 19––––NetworkServerCloudApplication Windows x64 PC/server based (Windows Server 2019)22
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Commercial System Manager“Broadcast Centric” Burk Davicom Worldcast24
Conventional remote control– Analog, GPI, GPO interfaces– Voice access SNMP system manager & agent Networkable – create multi-site system25
System Manager Platform Considerations26
Adding snmp capability to legacy devicesLogic outputsAnalog output(s)snmp27
Generic snmp Interface trolByWeb.comwww.dnfcontrols.com28
Interface capability built-in a broadcast centricSNMP system manager / agentGPO ControlGPI ControlAnalog Input29
System Manager ConfigurationGeneric Steps Establish System Manager PlatformGather MIB(s)Import MIB(s) – “compile”Select parameters of interestBuild “dashboard”Configure trapsBuild “alerts”30
“Massaging” InputsCourtesy: John Ahern Comlabs/Davicom31
Alarms Alarm Aggregation Alarm Qualification Alarm Severity & Notification32
“Fundamentals of SNMP”Simple Network Management ProtocolPart 2Obtaining MIB’s33
MIB(S)Management Information Base Defines snmp capability of device– ASCII text file that describes elements available as a date object (OID) Discrete monitor points availableControl functions availableTraps available– Written in ASN.1 (ISO) notation– Secret sauce to translate OID into meaningful information Obtain - Download from equipment mfg!MIB Structure:- syntax-- access--- description34
MIB Examples35
MIB Examples36
Viewing a MIB notepad or your favorite .txt file editorMIB viewer / browserSystem manager platform will includeOr google: “MIB viewer”37
MIB Viewer / Browser38
“Fundamentals of SNMP”Simple Network Management ProtocolPart 2Agent Configuration39
Agent Configuration Configuration Information Required (minimum):System manager IP addressPort: 162 (default)Community string(s): password of snmp– Read-only “RO”– Read-write “RW”– Trap SNMPv1 & SNMPv2 use “public” as default read-only “RO”SNMPv3 requires username/password with encryption key40
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“Fundamentals of SNMP”Simple Network Management ProtocolPart 2Takeaway Review, Resources,& Questions42
Takeaway Review“IMHO” SNMP – maybe “Not Always Simple”––––Interfacing is simplified – “CAT 5 cable”System manager configuration can be challengingNot all devices are snmp capableBroadcast centric system managers include I/O ports (analog, logicin/out) – can be agent & system manager console Look to SNMP for monitoring the converged broadcast technicalinfrastructure:––––Mature & open-protocol technologyOne management platform to support – one “dashboard”One alerting platformFlexible & robust system monitoring & fault/threshold alerting43
Reference Texts (IT centric)For Further Study:44
Is there a SNMP part 3 webinar?I need your help to determinePlease comment in your feedback response!45
Wayne M. PecenaTexas A&M 5662Distinguished LecturerPresident
The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) was created as a means to monitor and control devices in an Internet Protocol (IP) network. . SNMP SNMP Trap AGENT Receiver SNMP Community Architecture SNMP Manager MIB MIB GET / SET Request . SolarWinds Network Perfromance Monitor / IT Centric -v2019-4 -Network -Server
