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Metro Ethernet StandardsLim WongAPAC Consulting Teamlimwong@cisco.comOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.1

Metro Ethernet Standard Bodies Metro Ethernet ForumService Definitions & Internetworking IEEEPhysical Layer, OAM, Provider Bridges IETFMPLS, VPLS, Traffic Engineering OPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.2

IEEE 802.3ah UpdatesOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.3

IEEE 802.3ah projects CopperLine coding for EoVDSL EPONNew protocol to extend MAC functionality for point tomultipoint (or PON) topologyConcerns about cost, security OAMFor remote subscriber management, OAM in frames vsOAM in preamble. OAM for 10GBASE- links OpticsDefining and standardizing specs for extended temp.operation –40 to 85 Celsius case temp.OPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.4

IEEE 802.3ah – Physical layer Specifications 10PASS-TSSymmetrical min 10 MbpsPoint-to-point topology 750 m on voice grade copper cableDMT line code chosenSupports PSTN in baseband 2BASE-TLSymmetrical min 2MbpsPoint-to-point topology 2700 m on voice grade copper cableHigher speed with bondingOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.5

IEEE 802.3ah – Physical Layer Specifications cont. 100BASE-LX10/BX10 & 1000BASE-LX10/BX10Up to 10 km over SMFPoint-to-point topology 1000BASE-PX10/20 (PON)Point-to-Multipoint topologyUp to 10 or 20 km with 1:16 splits on SMFOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.6

IEEE 802.3ah – Ethernet in the First Mile Ethernet Standard for the First Mile Access NetworkEFM Copper for the last 750 to 2700 meters10 Megabit and 2 Megabit Ethernet over local loop copperHybrid deployment with EFM fiber supports a flexible variety ofaccess network topologies (greenfield and legacy)Cat 3EFM Copper –10MbpsCentralOfficeOfficeCentralP2P EFM Fiber 1000 or 100 MbpsP2MP EPON 32 Mbps per ONUEFM Copper – 10MbpsOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.7

IEEE 802.3ah - OAM Objectives OAM provides mechanisms to:Monitor link operation and healthImprove fault isolation Method: OAM data conveyed in basic (untagged)802.3 Slow Protocol framesSent between two ends of a single linkSlow Protocols will allow S/W implementation Fills major requirement to reduce EFM OpExOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.8

IEEE 802.3ah - OAM Non-objectives Does not provide capabilities for:Station managementProtection switchingProvisioningNo SET functionsBandwidth allocationSpeed/duplex negotiationEnd-to-end OAM communication802.3 scope restricted to single linksOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.9

IEEE 802.3ah - OAM Forwarding Can only traverse a single linkNot forwarded by bridges Communication beyond a single link left tohigher layersOAMPDUsOAMPDUsOAMPDUsOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Source: Kevin Daines, Editor EFM -OAM Sub Task Force10

OAM Critical Link Events Link FaultSignal remote device that receive path is brokenSent only once per second in Information OAMPDU Dying GaspSignal remote device that unrecoverable local fault (e.g.power failure) has occurredMay be sent immediately/continuously Critical EventAn unspecified critical event has occurredMay be sent immediately/continuouslyOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2New as of D2.1 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.11

Hub & Spoke Architecture – With redundancy Dynamic Routing T-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.BackupCircuit12

OAM Remote Loopback Local DTE sends arbitrarydata framesLocal DTERemote DTEClientClientLLCLLCOAMOAMMAC CTRLMAC CTRLMACMACRSRS Remote DTE returns dataframes Frame BER equals bit BERto high probability when bitBER is better than 10 RxTxRxCan be implemented in H/W or S/WOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Source: Kevin Daines, Editor EFM -OAM Sub Task Force13

OAM Discovery Allows local DTE to detect OAM on remote DTE Once OAM support is detected, both ends of thelink exchange state and configurationinformatione.g. mode, PDU size, loopback support If both DTEs are satisfied with settings, OAM isenabled on link Loss of link and non-reception of PDUs for 5seconds are causes of Discovery re-startingOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.14

Ethernet Ping Verifies all aspects of anEthernet service, end-to-end Verifies valid packet sizes Measures round-trip delayUses 802.3ah OAM in bandIP/MPLS COREEthernet Ping Enables Rapid Traffic Verificationand Problem IsolationOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.15

IEEE 802.1ad UpdatesOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.16

Firm Directions Double Tag Format New Well Known MAC Addresses Layer Control Protocol Handling “Complex” UNIOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.17

New Tag EtherTypeMAC FrameDestination AddressSource AddressLength/TypeIEEE 802.1Q TagLength/TypeIEEE 802.1Q TagDataTBDS-Tag0x8100S-Tag stands for ServiceTag (formerly P-Tag forProvider Tag)C-TagFCSOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.18

Provider Well Known MAC Addresses Originally thought was 33 new addresses Agree now that Provider Well KnownAddresses will be in the existing BPDUblock, 01:80:C2:00:00:xx Result is that Provider Layer 2 ControlProtocols can not tunnel through aSubscriber’s bridged networkOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.19

Well Known Address Notes General Agreements802.3X (Pause Frames) and Slow Protocols(EFM, Link Aggregation) will not be tunneledOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.20

Model for Edge Bridge Model to explain allowed behavior Implementation must match modelbehavior not model structure Constrains some features relative to MEF Enables new features relative to MEF Details still to be worked out, e.g., dealingwith .1p bits in C-TagOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.21

Model of Single Service UNIProviderBridgeProvider“trunk”Identified by S-TagUNI Classical QinQ Subscriber Layer 2 Control protocols can betunneled as dataOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.SubscriberMEN22

Model of Multiple Service dling(2 untaggedport pairs)Identified by S-Tags.1Q BridgeAll ports are normalTranslationLayer 2 Control Protocols from SubscriberProcessed by .1Q BridgeOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.UNISubscriberMEN23

Notes on Multiple Service UNI No Layer 2 Control Protocol tunneling MEN participates in Layer 2 ControlProtocols, e.g., Subscriber’s SpanningTree ProtocolRobust way to prevent loops when CE is abridgeProbably need to discard in .1Q Bridge toprevent participation Links between Provider Bridge and .1QBridge will be virtual in an implementationOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.24

Metro Ethernet ServicesOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.25

Ethernet Relay Service (ERS) Logical Port to Logical Port Analogous to Frame Relay Service Well Defined Service ModelCABFrame Relay ServiceOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Ethernet Relay Service26

Typical Enterprise Network eE1InternetOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.27

00Ethernet Relay 06InternetOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.28

CPE Considerations - ERS and L2 Switches ERS is a VLAN serviceopaque to L2 PDUs L2 CPE must use VLAN IDsdetermined by SP STP loops cannot bedetected in the presence of“Backdoors” A “Backdoor” could be aservice from another SP In a loop-free scenario:STP domain partitioned, oneroot on each sideVTP advertisements will notflow end-to-endOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.29

CPE Considerations –ERS Valid Combinations ERS is mainly intendedfor L3 CPEs or any otherscenarios where L2 PDUtransparency is notrequired SP should protect theUNI against un-expectedL2 PDUs L2 CPE to L3 CPE isanother validcombinationOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.30

Ethernet Wire Service (EWS) Defines a point-to-point, port-based serviceNo service multiplexing – “all-to-one” BundlingTransparent to customer BPDUsRouters and switches can safely connectOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.31

Ethernet Wire Service ExampleSP 2SP 1Data CentreSP 1POPMetroEthernetSP 1POPOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.32

CPE Considerations—EWS Valid Combinations EWS is a portbased servicewith L2 PDUtransparency External loops canbe detected by theend devices Both L2 and L3CPEs can beconnected to anEWS UNIOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.33

Ethernet Multipoint Service (EMS) Multipoint service where all devices are direct peers No service multiplexing—all VLANs are presented to allsites (“all-to-one” bundling) Transparent to customer BPDUs Routers and switches can safely connectMulticast Scaling IssuesOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.34

Ethernet Multipoint Service 017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.CampusD35

Ethernet Relay Multipoint Service (ERMS) Both P2P and MP2MP Services can coexist on thesame UNI Service multiplexed UNI (e.g. 802.1Q trunk) Opaque to customer PDUs (e.g. BPDUs) Routers can safely connect to an ERMS UNIOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.36

L3 VPN ServiceCEPEPECEPECEPEPECECE L3 MPLS VPN ServiceScalable Any-to-Any connectivityInternet & IntranetManaged & Unmanaged ServiceOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.37

L3 VPN ApplicationsVPN AVPN CVPN BMPLS VPNOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.38

MPLS ServicesOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.39

lan#110Vlan#101Metro Ethernet etOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.40

Switch based Metro Ethernet Network ProsRelatively inexpensiveSimple, easy to build Cons4K VLAN ID limitationScaling issue – Spanning treeOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.41

Scaling the Network – MPLSL2 DomainL2 DomainMPLSL2 DomainOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2L2 Domain 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.42

Basic MPLS Solve ISP peeringproblem Same as IP routing No VPN Services MPLS routers/switchesLabel DistributionProtocolIS-IS or OSPFOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.43

MPLS as a Foundation for ValueAdded Re-routeOver MPLSMulti-Protocol Label SwitchingNetwork InfrastructureOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.44

MPLS ComponentsProviderEdgeRouterOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2LabelSwitchRouter 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.LabelSwitchRouterMPLSProviderEdgeRouter45

EoMPLS - Draft-martiniThe basic idea is to tunnel L2 packetsthrough the MPLS cloud using an LSPtunnelA Layer 2 “circuit” is allocated a label andLDP is used to distribute the label-circuitmapping.OPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.46

Ethernet Over MPLS (EoMPLS)MPLSOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.47

Ethernet Over MPLS 00L2DomainOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.48

What is VPLS? A Virtual Private LAN Services (VPLS) is amultipoint Layer 2 VPN that connects two ormore customer devices using Ethernet bridgingtechniques VPLS is an ARCHITECTURE defined within IETF A VPLS emulates an Ethernet Switch with eachEMS being analogous to a VLANOPT-20458017 05 2003 c2 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.49