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E1E1-E2 (CFA)FIBER TO THE HOME(FTTH) BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

To day customers wantsHigh Speed DataDependableVoiceServiceThese services are delivered byDigital Subscriber Lines (DSL)Cable ModemsWirelessHigh QualityVideo

USER REQUIREMENTVideoDataVoiceUserThe preferred user’srequirement Many services on one infrastructure is efficient Efficiency lower costs for users and service providers Enhanced choice is attractive to customers Commercially viable for network owner/operator BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

To meet the costumers demand, service provider needsa Robust networking solution.The solution is fiber based networks on fiber basedtechnologies or FTTH BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

FTTH OFFERSUnlimited bandwidthThe flexibility to meet customer demand forinteractive, video-based services. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Fiber in the loopIn FITL network architecture the fiber optic technology isbeing deployed from Central Office (CO) of a telephonecarrier to a remote serving area interface(SAI) to an OpticalNetwork Unit (ONU) located at the customer premises. Normally, the fiber is deployed in either all or part of thelocal loop distribution network. FITL includes various architectures such as FTTC, FTTH &FTTP. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Fiber to the x ( FTTX)It is a generic term for any networkarchitecture that uses optical fiber to replaceall or part of the usual copper local loop usedform telecommunications. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Today, fiber networks come in many varieties,depending on the termination point .i.e. FTTxFiber To The Node/Network (FTTN)Fiber To The Curb or Cabinet (FTTC)Fiber To The Buildings (FTTB),Fiber To The Home (FTTH),For simplicity, most people have begun torefer to the fiber network as FTTx, in whichx stands for the termination point. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

FTTNFiber to the node/ Neighbourhood (FTTN)/Fiber to the cabinet (FTT Cab).Fiber- optic cables runs to a nearest serving cabinet(neighbourhood).Customers connect to this cabinet is using twistedpair wiring.The area served by the cabinet is less than1500 meters in radius.If the cabinet serve an area of less than 300meters in radius then the architecture is normallycalled fiber to the curb. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Advantages :Low CostNon-blocking or low- blocking performance bettersupports convergence.Extremely flexible to deploy.Allows the use of a variety of media from theTelephone Exchange to theUser .Disadvantages :Supports less bandwidth BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

FTTC (Fiber To The Curb)User’s HomeOLTEOptical Fiber CableONUCopper CableONUCentral OfficeA method of installing optical fiber cable bythe curb near the user’s home. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

FTTB (Fiber To The Building)User’s BuildingCopper loopsOLTEOptical Fiber CableONUCentral OfficeBy introducing fiber cables from the fiber terminationpoint to the home living space or business office spaceFTTB can be converted to full FTTH. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

FTTH (Fiber To The Home)User’s HomeONUOLTEOptical Fiber CableCentral OfficeFTTH is the final configuration of accessnetworks using optical fiber cable. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Steps in Evolution of FTTHFTTC, the next step, ensures that fiber isavailable very close to the customer/building.FTTN ensure that all the Network Elementsshall have fiber medium.FTTB fiber shall be made availableto all buildings.FTTH is the next and ultimate stagein this plan. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Fiber to the PremisesIt is a form of fiber-optic communication delivery inwhich an optical fiber runs directly onto thecustomers' premises.2. This is dissimilar with other fiber opticcommunication networks such as (FTTN), (FTTC)or hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC), all of which dependsupon copper wires or coaxial cable for "last mile"delivery. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Fiber to the premises can be further categorized according to theoptical fiber ends.FTTH (Fiber to the Home):- It is the form of fiber opticcommunication network in which optical signal reaches uptothe end user’s office.2- FTTB (Fiber to the Building):- It is the form of fiber opticcommunication delivery in which optical signal reaches uptothe building, but where the fiber terminate before reaching thehome, business premises or set of customers. The remainingpath uses other than Optical Fiber. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Optical Portion:-Optical Distribution Network haveseveral technologies to assiveOpticalNetwork BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

DIRECT FIBERHere each fiber leaving the central office goes toexactly one customer .i.e. point to point topologyProvides excellent bandwidth because eachcustomer have their own dedicated fiber.Costlier due to the large amount of fiberrequirement. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

SHARED FIBERIn this architecture, each fiber leaving thecentral office is actually shared by many customers.There are two leading optical distribution networks withwhich we can achieve this split.Active optical network (AONs)Passive optical network (PONs) BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Active optical networkIn this architecture, power equipment is used todistribute the signal such as switch, router ormultiplexer.Each signal leaving the central office isdirected only to the particular customer.Active Ethernet uses optical switches todistribute the signal.Equipment performs layer 2/layer 3 switchingand routing.It can handle upto 1000 customers. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Passive Optical NetworksPON is a point -to-multi point, fiber to the premisesnetwork architecture.Un-powered optical splitters are used to enablea single optical fiber to serve multiple customers.A PON configuration with 1:32 splitters reducesthe amount of fiber.Down stream signal from the Central Office isbroadcasted to each customer premises sharing a fiber.Upstream signals are combined using a multiple excessprotocol towards Central Office. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Technology Options for FTTH BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Functioning of PON ArchitectureThe Optical Line Terminal (OLT) equipment is installedin Central Office as head end.OLT transmits optical signal to splitter, fromwhere the signal is distributed to multiple customers directlyor via another splitters.Optical Network Terminals (ONT)terminate the signal at the customer premises. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Maximum distance is 20 km in between OLT andONT for 1:32 splitter.PONs do not require any power for the splitters sooperational cost and complexity is reduced.Passive optical splitters are used tosplit the fiber/ bandwidth and share among manycustomers. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Telechoice1:41:81:161:32 BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

PON rksVideoTDMONUVideo/Audio overIP servicesPABX1:32(64) Optical SplitterOLTPONTDMACATV overlayservicesCentralOfficeIP N/WsTDMData 2GBTSONU0-20 Km physical reach (60 Km logicalreach supported by protocol) BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

The basic elements in any PON systemare:OLT : A Central Office (CO) equipment providingPON with the various network interfacesONU/ONT : An External Plant / Customer Premisesequipment providing user interface for many/singlecustomerPON : distributed or single staged passive opticalsplitters/combiners providing connectivity betweenOLT & multiple ONU/ONTs.NMS : Management of the complete PON systemfrom OLT BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

BSNL FTTH PLANPhase-I (2008-09): In phase-I overlay access network isplanned in 98 cities where the number of Direct ExchangeLines are more than 3 lakhs i.e 30 millions, therefore Ethernetin the first mile using the FTTB, FTTH is proposed to bedeployed.FTTH systems are deployed as either point to point opticalsystem or point to multi point fiber system (PON).7 lakhs customers are targeting in the first year.1.5 lakhs customers in 73 cities with GE-PON.5.5 lakhs customers in 25 cities with GE-PON &G-PON. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Phase-II (2009-10): In second phase ofG-PON/GE-PON deployment will be extended toother cities having Optical Access Network cableslaid as per OAN target.In second phase FTTH plan will target 7 lakhscustomers to be extended with fast Ethernet/ GigabitEthernet service to their buildings on Fiber. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Phase-III (2010-11): In third phase OAN project isproposed to be commenced in 198 cities.Sufficient fiber structure shall be laid in all these cities forcommencing FTTH service.The total target of FTTH deployment in third phase willbe approximately 7.5 lakhs.The customer base on FTTH upto March-2011 shall be20 lakhs (200 million). BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

FLAVORS OF PONBroadband PONEthernet PON (EPON) / Gigabit Ethernet PON(GEPON)Gigabit PON (GPON) BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

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GEPON based Next Generation Play Networks Planning:The GEPON network do not support the redundancy so onlysingle fiber and single input splitters are planned.There are 20 PON ports per GEPON chassisand each chassis is capable to cater 32X20 640 customers.There are only 1:2, 1:4, 1:8. 1:16 and 1:32 splitters.1:32 split architecture shall be used in the highlydense locations and multistoried buildings. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

PLANNING GUIDELINESOut Door Network (ODN) planning & fiber planning forGPONThe OAN to be planned in all broadband cities bydeploying high count Optical Fiber cables.The minimum fiber count to be deployed in these citieswill be 96Fibers or 288Fibers and above in main routes and24Fiber/12Fiber cables for the buildings. The leading fiberwill be terminated in fiber termination box. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

2:32 split architectureIt is desirable to have one splitter at the premises of thecustomer / building / locality.The two leading fiber from (24/12Fiber cable) cables,fiber 1 & 2 will be input to the 2:32 splitter. These 2 fibercan be joined in the two sides of OAN. The other side of themain route fiber will form a ring and terminated on otherport. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Cascade split architecture in GPONAs the number of customers will be less in the beginningand distributed across the city, cascade splitters can bedeployed to cover more area.The number of proposed split can be only two.Splitters may be used in any of the following combinationssuch as:2:4 & 1:162:4 & 4X (1:8)2:8 & 1:4 etc. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Advantage of FTTH through PONBeing passive network, no active componentsare required from Central office to end user.Single fiber to the end user providing revenuegenerating services.FTTH features local battery backup & lowpower consumption.Reliable, scalable & secure.Future proof network architecture. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

Application AreasResidential or Business Services High Speed Internet Transparent LAN Service Broadcast Video Multi-Play (Voice, Video, Data etc.) Private Line TDM Telephony IP Telephony (VoIP)Wireless Services Wireless backhaul over PON BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

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Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL) Cable Modems Wireless. The preferred user's Video Data User USER REQUIREMENT . central office is actually shared by many customers. . Maximum distance is 20 km in between OLT and ONT for 1:32 splitter.