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Bail Reform, Crime, and Pretrial IncarcerationMichael Rempel, Director, Data Collaborative for Justice at John JayCollegeMichael Rempel is Director of the Data Collaborative forJustice at John Jay College. He previously served as Directorof Jail Reform at the Center for Court Innovation and, beforethat, spent many years as the Center’s Research Director.His interests and recent publications concern efforts tosafely reduce New York City’s jail population; bail anddiscovery reform; racial disparities in prosecution; felonycase delay; and jail trends since the start of the COVID-19pandemic. He previously served as staff to the LippmanCommission and coauthor of its 2017 report calling for theclosure of the infamous Rikers Island jails; and in 2021coauthored a second report with the Commission offering adata-driven roadmap for minimizing the city’s futurereliance on jail. In the past, he frequently studied adult drugcourts, court responses to intimate partner violence, andformal risk assessments. He has long been interested inbridging the gap between the worlds of research and policyand, in his earlier research work, participated in evidence-based training and technicalassistance initiatives in New York, nationally, and internationally (the latter inpartnership with the Organization of American States).
Sandra Smith, Professor of Criminal Justice, Harvard Kennedy SchoolSandra Susan Smith is the Daniel andFlorence Guggenheim Professor of CriminalJustice and Faculty Director of the Program inCriminal Justice Policy and Management. Sheis also the Carol K. Pforzheimer Professor atthe Radcliffe Institute. Her areas of interestinclude urban poverty and joblessness, socialcapital and social networks, and, morerecently, the front end of criminal caseprocessing, with a particular interest in theshort- and long-term consequences of pretrialdetention and diversion. In each of theseareas, racial inequality and its root causes arecore areas of concern. Sandra serves or has recently served on a number of advisoryboards, including ACLU Massachusetts; UpTogether; WorkRise, Leadership Board forResearch-to-Action Collaborative on Workers, Jobs, and Economic Mobility; Family SelfSufficiency Research Technical Working Group of the Office of Planning, Research, andEvaluation; Laura and John Arnold Foundation, Pretrial Research Advisory Board; YCombinator Research’s Basic Income Project Advisory Board; National Advisory Board,Misdemeanor Justice Project; University of California Criminal Justice & HealthConsortium; and the Executive Session on Community Corrections, Harvard KennedySchool.
Aubrey Fox, Executive Director, New York City Criminal Justice AgencyAubrey Fox is the Executive Director of theNew York City Criminal Justice Agency, theCity’s main pretrial services agency workingunder contract with the New York CityMayor’s Office of Criminal Justice. In this rolehe oversees the major operations and futuredevelopment of CJA, which carries themission of reducing the use of pretrialdetention. Since joining CJA in 2017 Aubreyhas overseen a major redevelopment of thecity's pretrial Release Assessment, and theexpansion of the organization into newavenues of pretrial justice reform.Previously, Aubrey has held a number ofsenior-level positions at the Center for CourtInnovation, including serving as the foundingProject Director of Bronx Community Solutions, an alternative sentencing program.Aubrey also launched the Center's U.K. office, the Centre for Justice Innovation, inLondon. Most recently, Aubrey spent two years as the Executive Director of the Institutefor Economics and Peace-USA, an international think tank to measure peace, its causes,and economic consequences.He graduated with a master’s degree in Public Policy from the University of California atBerkeley, served as a VISTA Volunteer in San Antonio, Texas, was a Warren WeaverFellow at The Rockefeller Foundation and a member of Coro’s Leadership New Yorkprogram. Aubrey is also the co-author, with Greg Berman, of Trial and Error in CriminalJustice Reform: Learning from Failure, published by the Urban Institute Press.
Olive Lu, Senior Research Associate, Data Collaborative for Justiceat John Jay CollegeOlive is a Senior Research Associate at theData Collaborative for Justice and is currentlyworking on a series of analyses related to bailreforms in New York State. She was previouslyan Applied Justice Research Fellow at the VeraInstitute of Justice where she helped launchthe In Our Backyards Project. Olive hails fromAuckland, New Zealand and holds a BA inPsychology from New York University, an MSin Criminology from the University ofPennsylvania, and a PhD in Criminal Justicefrom the CUNY Graduate Center.
Jaeok Kim, Associate Director of Research, Vera Institute ofJusticeJaeok Kim is Associate Director of Researchon the Greater Justice New York program atVera Institute of Justice. She leads researchthat sets the policy agenda and exploresopportunities to reduce incarcerations in NewYork. She is currently leading a project thatprovides comprehensive impact evaluations ofthe New York bail reform. The projectexamines how front-end reforms at arrest andarraignment impact back-end outcomes,including the use of jails for pretrial detentionand sentenced populations.Prior to joining Vera, Jaeok worked as apostdoctoral fellow for the Research Networkon Misdemeanor Justice (currently, DataCollaborative for Justice) at John Jay College of Criminal Justice. Her work during thefellowship has an emphasis on understanding jail populations in the New York CityDepartment of Correction (NYC DOC), with a particular focus on their readmissionpatterns. Jaeok earned her PhD in Criminal Justice from University at Albany, SUNY.During her graduate studies, she spent two years embedded in the Office of JusticeResearch and Performance (OJRP) at the New York State Division of Criminal JusticeServices (DCJS). Her research has been published in the Journal of QuantitativeCriminology, Criminal Justice Policy Review, and Public Administration Review.
Jennifer Ferone, Associate Research Director, CUNY Institute for State &Local GovernanceJennifer Ferone is an associate researchdirector at ISLG leading a portfolio of researchprojects and working with the ResearchDirector around strategy and development forthe research department. Jennifer hasextensive experience in the development andmanagement of criminal justice research inapplied settings, most recently, leading workto enhance data and analytic capacity andconduct research around racial and ethnicdisparities across prosecutorial decisionmaking in Kings County, designing a processevaluation to assess implementation of theNew York State Criminal Justice ReformLegislation, and managing a researchconsortium that aims to advance the Safetyand Justice Challenge research agenda. At ISLG, Jennifer has also engaged inperformance measurement work for both the Safety and Justice Challenge and CriminalJustice Investment Initiative. Prior to joining ISLG, Jennifer worked at the Vera Instituteof Justice managing research focused on system involved young people in New York Cityand State. She received two M.A. degrees in criminal justice from John Jay College ofCriminal Justice and Rutgers University and is A.B.D. in criminal justice at RutgersUniversity.
Jaeok earned her PhD in Criminal Justice from University at Albany, SUNY. During her graduate studies, she spent two years embedded in the Office of Justice Research and Performance (OJRP) at the New York State Division of Criminal Justice . Criminal Justice and Rutgers University and is A.B.D. in criminal justice at Rutgers University.
