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Journal Of Development Research , 2 (1), May 2018, Page 1-8Kate Millett (2000) stated that patriarchalideology was socialized into three categories:temperament, role, and status. First, patriarchalideology was socialized into the temperamentcategory. This category deals with the formationof human personality based on the needs andvalues of the dominant group in society betweenmale and female sex. Second, patriarchal ideology was socialized into role categories. Thiscategory deals with the differences in rolesplayed by the sexes of men and women. Third,the ideology of patriarchy was socialized intothe status category. Status attached to someonecame from a collaboration between an individual’s role and temperament. An individual statuswas derived from the role which they played insociety, and also the psychological conditionsthat formed the basis of an individual’s temperament.The family is an institution used as ameans to channel patriarchal ideology to otherfamily members (Walby, 1990:93). The ideology of patriarchy made the father was positionedsuperior in his family. The ideology of patriarchy still existed because it was based onsomeone’s way of thinking from generation togeneration. That was similar to Walby’s opinion(1990:95) that “Patriarchal practices are continued because of the way our minds are orderedfrom generation to generation.”Material and MethodsThis research was a library research. Thesource of this research data was a novel entitledLittle House on the Prairie (1971) by LauraIngalls Wilder. The data collection techniquewas done by close reading. This research datacame from the novelist’s narrations and the thecharacters’ utterances in that novel. The dataanalysis technique of this research was donethrough three steps, namely data reduction, datadisplay and conclusion (Berg, 2001). Data reduction was derived from the novelist’s narrations and the characters’ utterances in LittleHouse on the Prairie that were in relation toLaura’s character building which caused by thepatriarchal ideology. Then, the data were codedto help the researcher presented the data display.The data display which are coded by the researcher would be analyzed by using patriarchytheory in Sylvia Walby’s Theorizing Patriarchy(1990), feminism theory in Kate Millett’s SexualPolitics (2000), and other literatures which wererelated to solve the research problems. The thirdstep was conclusion which contained the summary from the analysis.Results and DiscussionThe Ways of Laura’s Thinking which wasBuilt by Pa’s Patriarchal IdeologyLaura Ingalls Wilder’s Little House on thePrairie depicted that Pa who became Laura’s father had a foward thinking pattern for the future.His way of thinking was evidenced by his desireto start a better life in The Indian Territory, although he had never visited that place before. Hisdecision was revealed to Laura’s mother who wascalled as Ma. He said to Ma that “I’ve decided togo see the West. I’ve had an offer for this place,and we can sell it now as much as we’re everlikely to get, enough to give us a start in a newcountry” (Wilder, 1971:2-3). Pa’s patriarchal ideology had arose when he tried to force Ma andalso the Ingalls family through his decision aboutwent to the West. Pa was convinced that The Indian Territory was a perfect place for the Ingallsfamily to start a new life.Laura had a forward thinking pattern forthe future which was depicted in Laura IngallsWilder’s Little House on the Prairie. That wasevidenced by the following conversation betweenPa and Laura:We're across the Mississippi!" hesaid, hugging her joyously. "How do you likethat, little half-pint of sweet cider half drunk up?Do you like going out west where Indians live?"Laura said she liked it, and she asked ifthey were in the Indian country now. But theywere not; they were in Minnesota. (Wilder,1971:9)Laura gave a good response to Pa’s question about the Ingalls family’s departure to TheIndian Territory. She responded that she likedabout that. It was evidenced that Laura’s character was influenced by Pa’s patriarchal ideology.Pa forced the Ingalls family to move to The Indian Territory. Thus, Pa’s patriarchal ideologytransmitted to Laura through a family institutionin accordance with Walby’s opinion (1990:63).Laura’s the way of thinking was oriented towardthe future as Pa had thought before. Laura daredCopyright 2018, JDR, E ISSN 2579-9347 P ISSN 2579-92903

Journal Of Development Research , 2 (1), May 2018, Page 1-8to adapt with the new environmental conditionin The Indian Territory she had never visitedbefore.Laura also had the ability to think quicklyand logically which was depicted in the LittleHouse on the Prairie (1971). Her ability wasinfluenced by Pa’s patriarchal ideology in thatnovel. This was evidenced by the followingconversations between Pa and Laura:They were beautiful little horses, and Pasaid they were not really ponies; they werewestern mustangs. "They're strong as mules andgentle as kittens," Pa said. They had large, soft,gentle eyes, and long manes and tails, and slender legs and feet much smaller and quicker thanthe feet of horses in the Big Woods.When Laura asked what their nameswere, Pa said that she and Mary could namethem. So Mary named one, Pet, and Lauranamed the other, Patty.(Wilder, 1971:12)That evidence above showed that Pa hadthe ability to think quickly and logically. Pa’sability was proven when he was able to identifythe physical characteristics of two small horsesthat he had just met. Pa clearly described theirphysical appearance to her daughter namelyLaura. Pa’s patriarchal ideology had arose whenLaura asked the suitable name for them. Pa authorized Laura to give names for the two horses.Laura’s way of thinking was a similiar with Pa’sway of thinking. One of the horse was namedPatty by Laura without thinking. Patty’s namewas given to that horse because Laura felt itsname fitted perfectly with the little house’sphysical appearance. Thus, the way of Pa’s ability to think quickly and logically was imitatedby Laura because of Pa’s patriarchal ideology.Laura also had a similar thought with herfather about the animal skill. Her ability to thinkwas influenced by Pa’s patriarchal ideology.That was evidenced by the following conversation between Pa and Laura:Pa climbed to the seat, saying, "They mayhave to swim, out there in the middle. But we'llmake it all right, Caroline. "Laura thought ofJack and said, "I wish Jack could ride in thewagon, Pa."(Wilder, 1971:20)The conversation between Pa and Laura4above happened when their journey was interrupted by floods and storms. Pa could not controlhis wagon suddenly because of floods andstorms. Pa was thinking about the safety of a lostIngalls family’s bulldog named Jack. Laura alsothought of Jack’s safety who became her favoritebulldog. Pa thought that animals were able toswim when floods and storms suddenly happened. Laura also agreed that Jack could swimand reach on the Ingalls family’s wagon as soonas possible. Pa’s patriarchal ideology justified thestatement which Pa had made to Laura. Pa’sstatement about the safety of the Ingalls family’sfavorite animal made Laura to confirm that herbeloved animal could be saved from floods andstorms like the way of Pa’s thinking.Laura was also able to think critically, likean adult about her safety and the Ingalls family.Laura’s way of thinking was influenced by Pa’spatriarchal ideology. Pa thought about the safetyof the Ingalls family when the wild animal wouldattack them. It can be proven as follows:Ma shook the dish-cloth, and then shewalked into the dark and spread the cloth on thetall grass to dry. When she came back Pa said:"Wolves. Half a mile away, I'd judge. Well,where there's deer there will be wolves. I wish—"He didn't say what he wished, but Lauraknew. He wished Jack were there. When wolveshowled in the Big Woods, Laura had alwaysknown that Jack would not let them hurt her.(Wilder, 1971:33)That evidence indicated that the Ingallsfamily was worried about the wild animal, suchas a wolf. Their fear was happened because theIngalls beloved family bulldog named Jack hadnot returned yet. Pa thought that Jack would helpthe Ingalls, if Jack was founded. It was becauseJack was a strong and good bulldog. Laura alsohad the similar thought with Pa that Jack wouldnot let Laura got hurt by the wild animal. Thus,the similarity of Pa’s thought and Laura was occurred because of Pa’s patriarchal ideology.The Ways of Laura’s Behaving which areBuilt by Pa’s Patriarchal IdeologyLaura had an affectionate behaviour towardfellow creatures. Laura’s behaviour wasinfluenced by Pa’s patriarchal ideology. It can beproven in a conversation between Laura and Pa:Copyright 2018, JDR, E ISSN 2579-9347 P ISSN 2579-9290

Journal Of Development Research , 2 (1), May 2018, Page 1-8"Oh, Ma," Laura begged, "Jack has goneto heaven, hasn't he? He was such a gooddog, can't he go to heaven?"Ma did not know what to answer, but Pasaid: "Yes, Laura, he can. God thatdoesn't forget the sparrows won't leave agood dog like Jack out in the cold."Laura felt only a little better. She was nothappy. Pa did not whistle about his workas usual, and after a while he said, "Andwhat we'll do in a wild country without agood watchdog I don't know."(Wilder, 1971:27)That evidence showed that Laura’s affectiontoward her beloved bulldog namely Jack. It alsobecame the Ingalls family’s favorite bulldog.Laura’s behaviour was built by Pa’s patriarchalideology which transmitted to Laura. Paimplanted the affectionate behaviour towardanimal to Laura.The other evidence which was indicatedthat Laura loved animal could be seen in thedialogue between Laura and Pa:"Look, Pa, look!" Laura said. "A wolf!"Pa did not seem to move quickly, but hedid."Don't, Charles," Ma said. But Pa slowlywalked toward those eyes. And slowlyalong the ground the eyes crawled towardhim.Laura could see the animal in the edge ofthe dark. It was a tawny animal andbrindled. Then Pa shouted and Laurascreamed. The next thing she knew shewas trying to hug a jumping, panting,wriggling Jack, who lapped her face andhands with his warm wet tongue.(Wilder, 1971:34)That evidence showed that Laura treated theanimal well. She treated her favorite bulldogjust likes as she loved her Ingalls family. Thatbulldog also replied Laura’s affection by coming near to Laura. Pa’s patriarchal ideologyinfected Laura because Pa was so much loveIngalls’ bulldog like his family.Laura was also be nice when she made anew relationship with the stranger people. Theway of Laura’s behaving was also imitated byPa who liked to socialize with the new peoplewho did not have meet before. It could be provenas follows:That night by the fire Laura asked againwhen she would see a papoose, but Padidn't know. He said you never saw Indiansunless they wanted you to see them. He hadseen Indians when he was a boy in NewYork State, but Laura never had. She knewthey were wild men with red skins, and theirhatchets were called tomahawks. Pa knewall about wild animals, so he must knowabout wild men, too.(Wilder, 1971:55-56)That evidence showed that Laura wanted to knowthe existence of a savage human being, likewildmen. Laura’s curiosity was transmitted by Pabecause he taught Laura to make a good relationship with the stranger people. Pa showed up hisexperience that he had traveled to New York andhe met the Indians. His experience proved that Pacould socialize with the stranger people. Laura’sbehaviour was influenced by Pa’s patriarchal ideology in which Laura wanted to make a newrelationship with the Indians. They were astranger people for Laura. She had never metthem before who called wildmen in The IndianTerritory.Laura also had a polite behaviour to respectothers. Pa also had a polite behaviour to respectthe people who he had just met. That was evidenced by the conversation between Pa and Maas follows:"Unless I miss my guess," Pa said, "thatwas French he spoke. I wish I had pickedup some of that lingo.""LetIndians keepthemselvestothemselves," said Ma, "and we will do thesame. I don't like Indians aroundunderfoot."Pa told her not to worry. "That Indian wasperfectly friendly," he said.(Wilder, 1971:229)That evidence showed that Pa had a politebehaviour to respect the Indians who came toIngalls family’s house. Pa regarded Indians as hisfamily even though he was prohibited by Ma. Paconsidered that Indians became his best friendsand a family.Pa’s polite behaviour to respect othersinfluenced Laura through Pa’s patriarchalCopyright 2018, JDR, E ISSN 2579-9347 P ISSN 2579-92905

Journal Of Development Research , 2 (1), May 2018, Page 1-8ideology. Laura had the similiar behaviour. Itcan be proven as follows:Pa had not said anything about the wolvesyet. Laura wished he would. But she knewthat she must not interrupt when Pa wastalking.(Wilder, 1971:88)Laura’s polite behaviour toward Pa wasevidenced when Laura did not want to botherher father when he was speaking. Laura realizedthat she should respect her father politely whenher father was speaking. Therefore, she did notwant to cut off the conversation when Pa wasspeaking.The Success of Pa’s Patriarchal Ideology onthe Laura’s Character BuildingThe Ingalls family consisted of five familymembers. They consisted of Pa as a father, Maas a mother, Mary as the first daughter, Laura asthe second daughter, and Baby Carrie as thethird daughter. Pa was the only Ingalls familymembers who was a male gender.The Ingalls family followed a patriarchalkinship system. That kinship system was evidenced in Laura Ingalls Wilder’s Little Houseon the Prairie (1971) through characters’utterances and novelists’ narrations. Pa was positioned in the highest roles of Ingalls familymembers. He had an authority to make aregulations for the Ingalls family, such as hemade many kinds of important decisions forthem.Pa’s patriarchal ideology was exists to influence Laura’s character building which aredepicted in Laura Ingalls Wilder’s Little Houseon the Prairie. It can be proven through thenovelist’s narration:Everything from the little house was in thewagon, except the beds and tables andchairs. They did not need to take these,because Pa could always make new ones.(Wilder, 1971:3)That narration indicated that the Ingallsfamily was an institution which became a placeto transfer a patriarchal ideology as Walby’sopinion (1990:93). The Ingalls family becamethe best institution for Pa to transmit hispatriarchal ideology to the other Ingalls familymembers. Other members of the Ingalls familydepended on Pa when they did their daily6activities. Take for example, Pa could do manykinds of carpentry works, but other familymembers could not do that. Pa fullfilled Ingallsfamily member’s daily needed. Thus, Pa’spatriarchal ideology strongly influenced femalecharacters, especially Laura. Laura’s characterbuilding was built by Pa’s patriarchal ideology. Itwas because Laura and other Ingalls familymembers regarded Pa as their protector whenthey needed Pa’s help. Pa’s patriarchal ideologywas succesfully to influence Laura’s characterbuilding as Pa’s daughter through the importanceof Pa’s position or what Millett (2000) called it asa role. Pa as Laura’s father was consideredbecame the protector for Laura and the Ingallsfamily.Pa’s patriarchal ideology succeed toinfluence Laura’s character building because Pawas positioned as superior by Laura, even Pa wasconsidered as a hero to the Ingalls family. It canbe proven through the novelist’s narration as follows:Pa drove the wagon out onto the ice,following those wagon tracks. The horses'hoofs clop-clopped with a dull sound, thewagon wheels went crunching. The towngrew smaller and smaller behind, till eventhe tall store was only a dot. All around thewagon there was nothing but empty andsilent space. Laura didn't like it. But Pawas on the wagon seat and Jack was underthe wagon; she knew that nothing couldhurt her while Pa and Jack were there.(Wilder, 1971:7)That novelist’s narration evidenced thatman was positioned as a superior, while womenare positioned as an inferior that is similar according to Sultana’s opinion (2011). A daughterliked Laura’s character felt weak because sheneeded a refuge. She had a higher emotional attachment relationship with Pa than Ma. Pa’spatriarchal ideology arose in the Ingalls familywhen the members of the Ingalls family, whowere mostly female, felt weak without the protection from a man. Thus, Pa was made a hero byLaura who would protect her in all situation. Ahero character attributed to Pa also proved thatfather was always positioned superior in LittleHouse on the Prairie (1971). He was alsopositioned as the superior one by Laura, even heCopyright 2018, JDR, E ISSN 2579-9347 P ISSN 2579-9290

Journal Of Development Research , 2 (1), May 2018, Page 1-8was considered became a hero for the Ingallsfamily.Pa’s patriarchal ideology was obviouswhen Pa was considered an important battlelifes for Laura and the Ingalls family. It can beproven through a conversation between Lauraand Ma as follows:Softly Pa's fiddle sang in the starlight.Sometimes he sang a little and sometimesthe fiddle sang alone. Sweet and thin andfar away, the fiddle went on singing:"None knew thee but to love thee,Thou dear one of my heart. . . ."The large, bright stars hung down fromthe sky. Lower and lower they came,quivering with music. Laura gasped, andMa came quickly. "What is it, Laura?" sheasked, and Laura whispered, "The starswere singing."(Wilder, 1971:50)That evidence suggested that Pa’s patriarchal ideology transmitted to Laura because ofLaura’s own way of thinking as similar withWalby’s opinion (1990:95). Pa had an imagewas likened to a star that tried to illuminateLaura’s life. Pa was just a picture that Pa wassinging under the starlight. However, Laura assumed that Pa played an important role for herlife as long as she became Pa’s second daughter.The success of Pa’s patriarchal ideology influenced Laura’s character building as followedwhat Millett (2000) called it as role. Pa was alsoconsidered had an important role by Laura inher life and also the Ingalls family.ConclusionThe results of this study showed that first,the character of Laura had been built by herfather’s patriarchal ideology through the way ofthinking in Laura Ingalls Wilder’s Little Houseon the Prairie (1971). Laura had a forwardthinking pattern for the future. She also had theability to think quickly and logically. She alsohad a similar thought with her father about theanimal skill. She was also able to think critically, as an adult about her safety and the Ingallsfamily.Second, the way of Laura’s behaving wasalso built by her father’s patriarchal ideology.Laura had an affectionate behaviour toward fellow creatures. She was also be nice when shemade a new relationship with the stranger people.She also had a polite behaviour to respect others.Third, Laura’s father patriarchal ideologywas successfully influenced her daughtercharacter building in Laura Ingalls Wilder’s LittleHouse on the Prairie. Pa as Laura’s father wasconsidered became the protector for Laura andthe Ingalls family. He was also positioned as thesuperior one by Laura, even he was consideredbecame a hero for the Ingalls family. Pa was alsoconsidered had an important role by Laura in herlife and also the Ingalls family.SuggestionLaura Ingalls Wilder’s Little House on thePrairie (1971) is very interesting to be the sourceof data analysis. It is because that novel becomesAmerican children literary work which also became children’s reading material. The problem inthat novel will be very complex, if the researcherconnects by using the approach in literaturetheory.ReferenceAmos, Kelsey. (2014). “Lāhui and Family in theNation Building Projects of Written in theSky and Little House on the Prairie.”Proceedings of Selected Papers fromEighteenth College – Wide Conference forStudents in Languages, Linguistics, andLiterature: National Foreign LanguageResource Center, 3-7.Berg, Bruce Lawrence. (2001). QualitativeResearch Methods for the Social Sciences.United States: Allyn and Bacon.Haralambos and Holborn. (2010). Sociology:Themes and Perspective. London:HaperCollins.Krunger, Fisher, and Wright. (2013). “Patriarchy,Male Competition, and Excess MaleMortality.” Evolutionary BehaviouralSciences, Volume 8, No. 3, pp. 3-11.Retrieved from 97244.pdfMillettt, Kate. (2000). Sexual Politics. UnitedStates of America: Columbia UniversityPress.Copyright 2018, JDR, E ISSN 2579-9347 P ISSN 2579-92907

Journal Of Development Research , 2 (1), May 2018, Page 1-8Reese, D. (2008). “Indigenizing Children’sLiterature.” Journal of Language andLiteracy Education, 4(2), 59-72.Sickels, Amy. (2008). Laura Ingalls Wilder.New York: Infobase Publishing.Sultana, Abeda. (2011). “Patriarchy andWomen’s Subordination: A TheoreticalAnalysis.” The Arts Faculty Journal, e/attachments/article/nArt/A5 12929-47213-1-PB.pdfWalby, Sylvia. (1990). Theorizing Patriarchy.United States of America: BlackwellPublishers.Wilder, Laura Ingalls. (1971). Little House onthe Prairie. United States of America:HarperCollinsCopyright 2018, JDR, E ISSN 2579-9347 P ISSN 2579-92908

ans based on racial ideology in the Little House on the Prairie. In contrast to Reese (2008) and Amos (2014) researches, this study aims to reveal the influence of father's patriarchal ideology on the daughter's character building in Laura Ingalls Wilder's Little House on the Prairie novel. The research problems will be solved by Sylvia Wal-