Transcription
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TX 389.B728B728Copy 1Trrnr " 'TTTTTTTrrOTTTTTr(f .MEAT. BISCUIT;AND MANUFACTUREDINVENTED, PATENTED,IJYGAIJ.BORDEN,Jun.3coa sj J.K. BROV ZSRSOLE AGENTS456lCo.NEW- YORK, NSir.VAV,:CORNKJR OFANN ANDNASSAV-STS.
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THE MEATBISCUIT,INVENTED, PATENTED, AND MANUFACTUREDBYGAIL BORDEN,The nature of this discoveryJun.or invention, con-an improved process of preserving thesists innutritious properties of meat, or animal flesh ofany kind, by obtaining the concentrated extractit, and combining it with flour oror essence ofvegetable meal, and by drying or baking themixtureinan oven,inthe form of a biscuit orcracker.One pound of this new anduseful preparationof concentrated 7n at and bread contains the nutriment or essence of Jive pounds of good meat, or,in other words, ail thenutriment (except the oilyportions) contained in five hundred pounds ofgood fresh meat, with seventy pounds of flour,can, by this invention, be packed in a twenty gallon cask.Itcan be prepared in the shortest timeas a soup pudding, sauce,One word withhapsitmay besence of meat fec.regard to the invention.Per-said that the extracting of the es-isno new thingjIamawareit is
2MEAT BISCUIT*t.HKnot. Messrs.*'thatMunn & Co.in a letter tomeon theunder date of 24th October, 1849, saidsubject,themodeof preparing the concentratedquid, or paste beef, has been longworld, such asisknownli-to thedescribed in Graj's or Liebig'scombined with flour, and madebj jou, is entirely new tous, and we do not think any such process has everbeen used before your discovery. The plan is, inchemistry;but, asinto bread, as claimedour opinion, a valuableone.''amaware that young meats and those portions of the animal containing a large proportionof gelatine have been brought into solids like glue jIbutthis of itself isnot sufficiently nutritious tosustain vigorous health, or scarcelymake aof meat when I madelife. Iwas my-self endeavoring topaste-cake from theextractthe discovery.Im-pressed with the importance of a concentrated nutritious food for travellers to the Pacific coast, 1put up an apparatus by which I reduced onehundred and twenty pounds of young beef meatto ten pounds of essence or extract, of a consis-feadtency like thick sugar-house syrup.sliceitnor dryit;Iand unwilling to losecould notmylabor,occurred to me, after various experiments, tomixthe article withit.Tomygreat satisfaction, the bread or biscuiSwasfound to containallgoodflourand bakethe primary principles of themeat, and with a better flavor than simple beefsoup, thickened with flour.
THE MEAT BISCUIT,would here remark, that the essence or exmatured meat, of which " the Meat Bis-Itract ofcuit "made,iswill notform a gelatine or a sub-stance that will dry like glue.onIamthus particu-most Editors, in giving anaccount of the process by which the Meat Biscuitlaristhis point, asmade,callthe extract jelly or gelatine.TheFrench chemists have long since ascertained theworthlessness of gelatine as a dietit is onlywhen combined with other qualities of meat that;serviceable.it isIMeathave been askedwhythe manufacture of theBiscuit should be located at Galvestonanswerobviously this?Thebecause the prairies ofTexas abound in neat cattle of the finest quality.is:The Meatful dietsBiscuit forms one of the most useever offered to the public ; and is adapt-ed to the Wialing and Maratime service generally.For Families and Hospitals, and in all circumstances, where fresh meat is wanted, this biscuitbe found invaluable; and on all voyages,whether long or short, or journeys on land, mostuseful and economical.will—For the Marine. The health of seamenwould be preserved, and their comfort increasedby the use of it. Having the quality and flavorof meat fresh from the slaughter, it would doubtlessprove anti-scorbuticsailors' salt provision,and therefore, with thewould be of the utmost;
THE MEAT BISCUIT.4importance.tage withItcan be cooked with great advan-manyother articles of dietsoup with hard biscuitpeas— thethird with rice,sauce for puddings;one day anext with beans orand atalltimes as athus having a fresh article of;And whenmeat every day.is—theto theseadvantagesadded, that, in case of shipwreck, a single bar-rel of thisMeat Breadration than such assupport inweeks.fullitwill,without further prepa-receives initsmanufacture,vigor an entire boat's crew forHow manyvaluable lives would often-times be saved to the world,ifevery sea-goingwould take but a few cases of this biscuit,to be stowed away for use in such emergencies 1For Hospitals and the Sick or Convalescentvesselitwillbe found mostuseful.gree of nutrition,nutricious soup.composition, whilelities jDrA patientcan, atany defrom a weak broth to the mostThe absence of grease from thethe shortest notice, haveititpreparedtopossesses the nutritive qua-of the meat, rendersitparticularly adaptedthe use of invalids.For Family Use,thisMeat Breadwillfound very convenient, and especially so inweather, asitlittle fire (or a lamp of alThe various ways in whichrequirescohol) to prepareitbewarmit.can be served up, will be explained in the "rections for cooking,"di-accompanying each package.Before offering thisnewarticleof diet to the
;THB MEAT BISCUIT.5public for sale, the inventor went to great troubleand expenseinhavingitbytestedland for more than eighteen months;and onseaandpre-itsbyservative qualities have been put to the testitsbeing carried to California across the plains,and by way of Cape Horn, as well as on othervoyages, as will be more fully shown by thetes-timonials which follow.have obtained a patent with a view to con-Iand insure the manufacture of a genuinetrolarti-One pound of the Meat Biscuit containscle.allthe nutriment that can be got out o five poundsof the best fresh beef.mayAnarticle to imitate itbe made, to contain not one-fourth the quan-tity.Itmust be apparentcharacter of the articleto every one, that thesuoh, that unless itsismanufacture be guarded by exclusiveright,itwould become adulterated, and be of no advantage to individuals, or use to the world.would here remark,tegrity of theone agenta fewthat, inMeatBiscuit,in a place,in theandAndorder to protect theIin-intend to have onlyIsome time(forto come,aggregate) only in a few of the mostimportant places in the United States.Andfurther, toguard the public against thesale of a spurious article,of attorney, underevery agentandIImaymyIshall execute lettershand andappoint toseal, tomakelikewise fully give notice ofeach andsales formymeintention to
THE MEAT BISCUIT.6prosecute with the rigor of the law, any and everyviolation or infringement ofwhichmay cometo themypatent right,knowledge of myself oragents.Much more might besaid toshowthe impor-tance and usefulness of this discovery, but refer-ence need only bemadefew testimonialsto thewhich follow, out of many which I have receivedfrom persons whose scientific attainments andpractical experience preclude the idea of their be-ing deceived, and whose high positionisa gua-rantee of their impartiality.G. BoRDENj JUN.Galveston 8ih Aprils 1851.From AshbelSurgeon-General of iheter atlateLondon and Paris,Smith,Armyof Texas, and MinisDr. Alexanderin a letter toDallas Bache, President of the American AssociationtheAdvancementforof Science, etc. he says:"I have eaten soup made of the Meat Biscuitseveral times;ithas a fresh, lively, clean, andthoroughly done, or cooked flavor.freefrom that vapid unctuouscharacterizes all prepared soupstried at seaand elsewhere.It isperfectlystale taste,Iwhichhave hithertoBut, before speakingto thefurther of its uses,Imanner of preparingthe biscuit in question.willbriefly alludeThenutritive portions of the beef, or other meat, im-mediately onitsbeing slaughtered, are,by long
THE MEATBISCUIT.boiling, sepcarated7from the bones and fibrous andcartilaginous matters: the water holding the nu.tritiousmatter in solution,isevaporated to a con-siderable degree of spicitude—this is thenmadedough with superfine wheaten flour; thedough rolled and cut into the form of biscuits, isthen desiccated, or baked in an oven at a moderate heat. The cooking, both of the flour and theanimal food, is thus complete. The Meat Biscuitsinto athus prepared have the appearance and firmnessof the nicest crackers or navy bread, being asdry, and breaking or pulverizing as readily as themostmadecarefullywe denominatefected inThose che-table crackers.mical changes in food which, incommonlanguage)cooking, have been perfectly ef-Mr. Borden's biscuit, by the long confirst, and the subsequent bakingtinued boiling atThe soup prepared of itor roasting.to be absorbed into theisthus readysystem withoutloss,andwithout tedious digestion in the alimentary canalandisin the highest degree nutritiousgorating.MeatIt isBiscuitistoand invi-be noted, moreover, that themanufactured withoutsalt,pepperor any condiment or chemical antiseptic whatj"ever: thust\iQfreshness or peculiar properties in,herent to recently slaughtered meat are preserved,and a simple and perfect guarantee furnished ofthe goodness of any particular parcel. To thesoup made of Mr. Borden'sbiscuit, as already
THE MEAT BISCUIT.8intimated, salt and the various condiments usedin soupsmay be addedto suit the taste; also,toasted bread, vegetables, etc. as circumstancespermit and fancy suggests, until the varied cata-may belogue of the potages of the restaurateursrivaled."Themeatsand prepareddifferent portable soupsfor long voyages,whichswer only imperfectly the endshave been designed.have seen, an-Iforwith condiments, these meatslesswhich theyBeing prepared more orfreshly slaughtered animaldifferfibrous and indigestible portions, beingliquidlesscarry,inform, they arefromthey containfood;more orinconvenient toand besides, thus necessitate the transpor-tation of useless bulk.The meats put uplong voyages, in the manner just alludedto,forarenot wholly freed from fatty matters: these undergoing slight chemical changes intime, impairboth the taste and quality of the food, into whichthey enter; nor are these meats so completelycooked as by Mr. Borden's double process ofboiling and baking."I might hereinsiston the very great con-venience of Mr. B.'s Meat Biscuit arising fromFor long voyages,dryness.it isin soldered tin cases or tight casksbe carriedbow,forin sacks,itsbest preserved:butitmaysuspended from, one's saddleweeks or months over theprairies, or
THE MEAT BISCUIT.9through the desert, without risk of spoiling, usingcare to keepopened,itdryitand when a case or cask isfor days or weeks,;may be economisedaccording to circumstances: whereas the liquidportable soups and prepared meatsonce eaten, or they soonmust bespoil, especially Inatdampor hot weather."As no condiments nortives enter into theMeatchanged and unimpaired,chemical preserva-Biscuit,itretains, un-all its qualitiesof freshlyslaughtered meat: and, as already intimated, furnishesitsownevidence and guarantee of sound-ness at the time of using."AstheMeatBiscuitrequires only ten totwenty minutes to be made into a hot delicioussoup, with the aid of fire and water only, its advantages for family use, for hospitals, at sea, andon long journeys, over land, and wherever it isdesirable to prepare food promptly, must beobvious."The paramountcovery, appears toa MeatlifeBiscuitmay be—excellence of Mr. B.'s dis-meit issustained,to consist in this, thatit ismeat and bread. Humanas we all know, on a dietof a single kind, but the highest degree of corporealand mental strength and health can be longonly by the use of both vegetablemaintainedand animal food;especiallywhenlabors, fatigues,and privations are to be undergone.Ibelieve
THE MEAT BISCUIT.10samethere does not exist in nature or art theamount of nutrimentand as well adaptedsmall bulk or weight,in ascentrated in theandto support, efficientlypermantly, mental and physical vigor, asMeatcon-isOneBiscuit in question.ounce of the biscuit meal makes a pint ofinvigorating animal and farinaceousnation with water,allThesoup.bybiscuit being converted into souprich,itscombi-the requirements of agoodfood are answered, animal and vegetable alimentin a sufficient bulkyWe"have thus,form.in theMeatBiscuit, an articleof food, partly farinaceous, and partly animal,such as the system requires for continued use;iseasily preserved in all climates, seasons,circumstances—itis ina form the most concen-trated and convenient for carriagewithlittleness,it istrouble, and speedilyaccommodated"The advantagespitals, areitand—it isby;prepareditscheap-to universal use.of theMeatBiscuit, for hos-obvious; a nice, cheap,fiesh, invigo-and easily digestible soup can be prepareda few minutes, at the moment almost, whenrating,inthe taste and condition of the patient require' andit.For private families, and especially small ones,in thewarmseason,itisconvenient by dis-pensing with the long hours of boiling requiredto prepare ordinary soups."Onlong sea voyages,itfurnishes, at a cheap
THE MEAT BISCUIT.rate, that11indispensable requisite of health andpreventive of scurv}', an occasional ration of freshButmeat.whichat seaships.itisnot for long voyages alone, toEvery one who has beenfire on boardWhat could be more grateful, invigorating,adapted.isitknowsand healthfulthe sparing use offor the sailor, dripping with water,and shivering withcold, than abowl of hot soup,well seasoned with pepper, or otherdiments1warming con-and how vastly more salutary than theration of grog!"Ten pounds, a weighteasily packedbya foottraveller, is sufficient for thirty days' subsistence.Thefire forcookingisone of the greatest dangersin the Indian country, asof thecampitbetrays the situationto the hostile Indian;the advantageof a small and momentary flame, such asisade-quate to prepare the Meat Biscuit, will not belightly estimated by persons whose path has beenamonghostile Indians.Ourfrontier, it is tobefeared, will be long subject to Indian depredations.Mr. Borden's discovery greatly adds to our meansof prompt and efficient pursuit and protection." Indeed, I feel quite confident that the MeatBiscuit will, ere long, form a part of the indis-pensable supplies of every expedition into ourwestern wilds, and of every military corps on ourfrontier." Every one familiar with the recent Mexican
;THE MEAT BISCUIT.12campaigns, remembers the delays and embarrass-ments occasioned by want of rations of easyIt was often impracticable totransportation.Apursue, even a small corps of the enemy.similarwant has been theenced by the Frenchinchief difficulty experi-the subjugation of Algierswant of subsistence, the French troops couldin their razzias, on their reWe have heretreat to the mountain fastnesses.fornot pursue the Arabsmeans of obviatingthesimilar difficulties, delays,and embarrassments hereafter. Every inventionwhich shortens war, is a gain to humanity." For upwards of a thousand years, science,commerce and philanthrophy havecast wistfuland longing eyes toward that vast terra incognita,hidden in the interior of Africa.long prevailedregions of thatthat,Anin the hithertoimmenseopinion hasinaccessiblecontinent, mineral wealth,vegetable productions, animals, and perhaps formsof civilization exist, as yetof the world.Amongunknownto therestthe formidable obstaclesto be encountered in penetrating thither, has beenthe want of a suitable food to sustainjourney from the coast.supplies this wantliable itself to;lightlife on theMr. Borden's discoveryand not bulky, and notbe spoiled and renderedunfit foruse by the climate."life,To enumeratethe various uses for ordinaryand new occasions which the Meat Biscuit
THE M AT BISCUIT.mayIZwould extend this already longmost unreasonable length they willbecome more and more obvious on reflection tosubserve,letter to aeverymanof observation;butitbe a discovery of only limitedall,it;would, afterunlessutility,can be furnished at so low a price as to enterinto free competition with the ordinaryFromsubsistence.manner of preparation, andden, and learning thethe cost of materials,means ofconversation with Mr. Bor-Iamsatisfied itmayPuttingof the cheapest articles of food.be oneitupintin cases or casks, costs less than barreling a likeamount of beef; being much smallerdry,itstransportationis less.in bulk,Indeed,itandmay betaken where the cost of freight on beef or porkwould debar the introduction of theselatter arti-cles." Public confidence, in an article like the onewhich forms the subject ofthis letter,dependsgreatly on a well-grounded assurance ofits care-fuland correct preparation.Being made with-out any condiments, or chemical antiseptic,and smelltastesoundness andfaithfulFromit all,Col.evidence ofitsitsmanufacture."B. V. Sumner,first dragoons.[copy.]Majorare, at all times,—IFort Leavenworth, May 14, 1850.have tried the " Meat Biscuit," and findand more than the inventor thinksit is.Tosa-
THE MEAT [biscuit.14have lived upon it entirely for severaland I am convinced that I could liveupon it for months, and retain my health and strength.I thought that although it might sustain life, therewould be a craving for more solid food but it is notlisfy myself, Isuccessive days;;so— rayThe inventorthinks that five ounces a day will support a man. * * *I could not use four ounces a day, made into soup,with nothing added but pepper and salt ; and, moreover,I found I could entirely dispense w ith tea and coffee,which is a great advantage, and which has not beenwasappetiteperfectly satisfied.enumerated.In my judgment, this is a very great discovery, andmust lead to important results.I have long thought the compression of wholesome food into a smaller compass, was one of the mostimportant things that remained to be discovered in thisage of inventions. Think of a regiment of 600 mencutting loose from all magazines for two months, withno other baggage train than 60 or 60 pack mules. Atfive ounces a day for each man, the weight would be9,375 pounds, which forty-five mules would carry.In military operations, fresh meat would generallybe found and put into the soup, which would make itmoreandsubstantialit;but themen couldwould not be necessary,subsist withoutfor their healthandit,vi-gor, to transport bread or any other rations.I have no idea that it will be used to this extent forsome time to come, as great changes must be graduallymade; but I am decidedly of opinion that we ought tocommence using it in the army at once; and I believe,in the field, the advantages ofbe so apparent, that it will come intogeneral use in a few years.I think it will be better to have it always pulverisedand kept in tin canisters to hold about 26 pounds.The inventor had better send me a dozen of theseforall active operationsthis food willcanisters, beforeImarch upon the plains this summer.send out detachments on long exwill be a good opportunity to put thiaIshall frequentlycursions, andit
THE MEAT BISCUIT.15discovery to a thorough test. Please send (his letter toGen. Gibson and will you inform Mr. Borden of itspurport? Very respeclfally, your obedient servant,—E. V. Sumner,Brevet Col. let Dragoons.From3. T right,J. J.Chief Surgeon of the 8th Military Department.[extract.]"have examined andIMeatticularity— haveusedour private tableIthinkititin[thethe Hospital, and atand have no hesitation;ing testimony todiet.tried the articleBiscuit] with considerable attention to par-in bear-excellence as an article ofitsadmirably adaptedfor the use oftroops on long marches or campaigns, whereit isimportant to combine a large quantity of nourish-ment"in smallAbulk andweight.littlefriend of mine has in his possession a re-maining quantity of theflictured aarticle, thatyear ago last September;was manuwhich, hav-ing been kept with only ordinary attention topreservation,rently, asiswhennowitin aswas(Signed)firstToBrig. Genl. Tnos.prepared.J. J. B.Wright,Surgeon U. S. Army." 4th January, 1851.*'itsgood condition, appa-Lawson," Surgeon General of the Army."Other gentlemen connected with the Medical
:16THE MEAT BISCUIT.Staff of theArmy, andalsoSurgeons of tlie Navy,have investigated the merits of the Meat Biscuit,as an article of great promise and advantage toboth branches of the public service.Dr. JohnTibbets, who crossed theSummer ofB/I.plains to California in the Spring andSan Francisco, 12thyear, in a letter datedlastFebruary, 1851, says" I am happy to inform you that your MeatcameBiscuitWetion.entirelyfoundupplains, a great delicacy.sixIttoyour recommenda-very nutritious, and on theitWeprobably had soupdays out of seven for more than three months.keeps perfectly sweet, andter ofitfectlysound.Meatat this date,IandIwe have oneassure you,canis-it isper-have no doubt but that yourBiscuit, putupwell, willkeep sound foryears.'*After speaking more particularly as to theuses hemadeofitover the plains, anditsvastimportance to the travelling community, he adds,"Iwill say, in conclusion, that atificnumber of scien-gentlemen have examined your Meat Biscuit,and have often partaken of it on the plains, andpronounce it well adapted for the purposes forwhich you intend it among whom I will men;tion Dr. R.Knox, of St. Louis, and Dr. H. Haugh-ton, recently appointed one of the visiters of WestPoint Academy."
—THE MEAT BISCUIT.The MeatBiscuitis17one of the most valuableinventions that has ever been brought forward,andwillbe the means of enabling travellers andmariners to enjoy both vegetable andflesh inmost dainty dishScientificany moment.ataAmerican.From3.H. Brower6l Co.Merchants, of New-York.We herebycertify thatwe have nowpossession, a canister of your "MeatinourBiscuit,"which has been on board our packet ship Benja-min H. Milam duringbetweenthisfive consecutivevoyages,port and Galveston, Texas, (com-prising a periodof about fourteen months,) andthat the biscuit continues to be in as perfectly freshand sound condition as when(Signed)J. II.firstmanuflictured.BkowerNew-York,To Gail Borden,&Co.April 30, 1851.Jun. Esq.The followingnotices of the manufactory areextracted from the journals of Galveston:Theextensive establishment for the manufacture ofthe Meat Biscuit is now in operation in this city. Thenovelty of the various operations going on in this establishment, can hardly ftiil to strike the beholder withsome degree of surprise; and he is naturally led to enquire if this is, indeed, the only establishment of thekind in the world.The News.——The MeatBiscuit Manufactory. This novelin full and complete operation inthis city.The buildings are commodious and welladapted to the business the machinery entirely new,establishmentisnow;
—'tHE MEAT BISCUIT.18and of the best description and eveiy thing about theestablishment neat and clean to the vei-y highest degree.In fact, this last seems to rank with the proprietor aa;of virtues, so scrupulously is it observed.appearance a light coloredsugar cake. It is packed in air-tight casks, or tincanisters of different sizes, part of the biscuit being pulverized by grinding in a mill for the purpose, and thuspacked with the whole biscuit.The War Department being impressed with the importance of the new article of diet presented in theMeat Biscuit, has determined to make a thorough testof it among the troops on the frontier, and has accordingly ordered a large amount for the purpose.Mr. Borden, as it is evident from the large amounthe has invested in the enterprise, is perfectly sanguineof its success. Indeed it is no longer regarded as anexperiment, and it is evident that it is destined to become a matter of great importance not only to theArray, to all those " who go down to sea in ships," andbut to Texas,to emigrants across the great plainsthrough her stock-raisers, constituting a large portionCivilian.of her citizens.thefirstThebiscuit. resembles in——The MeatBiscuit Factory.— Westepped intoother day, for the purpose ofnoting the modus o'perandi by which beef cattle are converted into biscuit. The arrangements and machineryare on a much more extensive scale than we hadpreviously imagined, and the whole establishment exhibited a neatness and cleanliness which we did not expect to see. The process is carried on in a capaciousbrick building at the west end of the Strand, and allcontrivances for facilitating the work are admirablyarranged.It is right to state that none but the best quality ofbeef is used, and that the whole process is performedwith particular regard to cleanliness, as is apparentfrom the perfect order in the establishment, and thethis establishment thecondition of the vessels and machinery used inJournalit.—
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tx389.b728 copy1 b728 trrnr " 'tttttttrrotttttr(f . meatbiscuit; invented,patented,andmanufactured ijy gaij.borden,jun. 3 coa sj j.k.brov zsr6lco .
